표제지
목차
국문 초록 12
I. 서론 15
1. 연구배경 15
2. 연구목적 17
II/I. 이론적 배경 18
1. 열분해 용융공정 18
1.1. 열분해 용융공정 종류 18
1.1.1. 일체형 열분해/용융고온연소로 19
1.1.2. 압축 가열식 열분해/가스화 용융로 20
1.1.3. 화격자식 열분해/고온 용융로 21
1.1.4. 유동상식 열분해로/고온연소용융로 22
1.2. 기존 스토커 소각로와 열분해/용융공정의 비교 23
1.3. 국내의 열분해 용융공정 현황 26
2. 다이옥신류 28
2.1. 다이옥신류 개요 28
2.2. 다이옥신류 생성 33
2.2.1. 전구체 36
2.2.2. 염화 및 탈염화 반응 37
III/II. 실험방법 38
1. 연구대상시설 38
2. 시료채취 및 측정방법 40
2.1. 시료채취 40
2.2. 시료의 전처리 42
2.2.1. 시료의 추출 42
2.2.2. 다이옥신 시료 전처리 44
2.2.3. Chlorobenzene 전처리 47
2.2.4. Chlorophenol 전처리 48
2.3. 분석방법 49
2.3.1. Dioxin 분석방법 49
2.3.2. Chlorobenzene 및 Chlorophenol 분석 방법 51
2.3.3. 중금속 분석방법 52
IV/III. 결과 및 고찰 54
1. 삼성분 및 중금속 54
1.1. 폐기물 54
1.2. Char, Ash, Slag 55
1.2.1. 삼성분 분석 55
1.2.2. 중금속 55
2. Chlorobenzenes, Chlorophenols 57
2.1. Chlorobenzenes 59
2.2. Chlorophenols 63
3. Dioxins 67
3.1. PCDDs와 PCDFs의 농도분포 67
3.2. PCDDs/PCDFs의 입자상과 가스상의 농도분포 69
3.3. PCDDs/PCDFs이성질체의 농도분포 71
V/IV. 결론 78
VI/V. 참고문헌 81
VII/VI. Abstract 88
VIII/VII. 감사의 글 90
Table 1. Comparison for Incineration process and pyrolysis/melting process 24
Table 2. Factors affecting the demand for pyrolysis & gasification process 25
Table 3. Plans of ordering the pyrolysis/gasification melting process plant in Korea 26
Table 4. The present technology state of pyrolysis/gasification melting process in Korea 27
Table 5. Number of position isomers for tetra- to octa- CDD/Fs 28
Table 6. US EPA classification of carcinogenicity of chemicals 29
Table 7. Dioxin emissions from various combustion sources 31
Table 8. International toxicity equivalent factors(I-TEF) for PCDDs/PCDFs 32
Table 9. PCDDs/PCDFs mass for HRGC/HRMS 49
Table 10. HRGC/HRMS analytical condition of PCDD/PCDF 50
Table 11. GC/MS analytical condition of chlorobenzenez and chlorophenols 51
Table 12. Characteristics of the wastes 54
Table 13. Proximate analysis 55
Table 14. Heavy metal composition 56
Table 15. Korean standard leaching test 56
Table 16. Heavy metal concentration in flue gas 56
Fig. 1. Shaft type pyrolysis/gasification melting process 19
Fig. 2. Pusher type pyrolysis/gasification melting process 20
Fig. 3. Stoker type pyrolysis/melting process 21
Fig. 4. Fluidised bed pyrolysis/gasification melting process 22
Fig. 5. Dioxins & Furans formation mechanism in waste incinerator 34
Fig. 6. PCDDs/Fs formation pathways from precursors 35
Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of stoker pyrolysis/melting process system 39
Fig. 8. Isokinetic suction sampling apparatus 41
Fig. 9. Extraction method for CBz, CPs, PCBs, PCDDs/Fs 43
Fig. 10. Pretreatment for PCDDs/PCDFs analysis 46
Fig. 11. Multi layer silica gel column(JIS K0312) 47
Fig. 12. Pretreatment method of the chlorophenols 48
Fig. 13. Concentration of chlorobenzenes and chlorophenols in flue gas 57
Fig. 14. Ratio of chlorobenzenes and chlorophenols concentration in flue gas(flue) 58
Fig. 15. Solid and gas phase chlorobenzenes concentration in flue gas 59
Fig. 16. Ratio of solid and gas phase chlorobenzene concentration in flue gas 60
Fig. 17. Distribution of chlorobenzenes isomers concentration in flue gas 61
Fig. 18. Distribution of solid phase chlorobenzenes isomers concentration in flue gas 62
Fig. 19. Distribution of gas phase chlorobenzenes isomers concentration in flue gas 62
Fig. 20. Solid and gas phase chlorophenols concentration in flue gas(flue) 63
Fig. 21. Ratio of solid and gas phase chlorophenols concentration in flue gas(flu) 64
Fig. 22. Distribution of chlorophenols isomers concentration in flue gas 65
Fig. 23. Distribution of solid phase chlorophenols isomers concentration in flue gas(in) 66
Fig. 24. Distribution of gas phase chlorophenols isomers concentration in flue gas 66
Fig. 25. Distribution of PCDDs/Fs concentration in flue gas 67
Fig. 26. Ratio of PCDDs and PCDFs concentration in flue gas 68
Fig. 27. Distribution of solid and gas phase PCDDs/PCDFs concentration in flue gas 69
Fig. 28. Ratio of solid and gas phase PCDD/Fs concentration in flue gas(flue) 70
Fig. 29. Distribution of PCDDs/Fs isomers concentration in melting furnace flue gas 72
Fig. 30. Distribution of PCDDs/Fs isomers concentration in incinerator flue gas 72
Fig. 31. Distribution of PCDDs/Fs isomers concentration in boiler flue gas 73
Fig. 32. Distribution of PCDDs/Fs isomers concentration in stack flue gas 73
Fig. 33. Distribution of solid phase PCDDs/Fs isomers concentration in melting furnace flue gas 74
Fig. 34. Distribution of gas phase PCDDs/Fs isomers concentration in melting furnace flue gas 74
Fig. 35. Distribution of solid phase PCDDs/Fs isomers in incinerator flue gas 75
Fig. 36. Distribution of gas phase PCDDs/Fs isomers in incinerator flue gas 75
Fig. 37. Distribution of solid phase PCDDs/Fs isomers in boiler flue gas 76
Fig. 38. Distribution of gas phase PCDDs/Fs isomers in boiler flue gas 76
Fig. 39. Distribution of solid phase PCDDs/Fs isomers in stack flue gas 77
Fig. 40. Distribution of gas phase PCDDs/Fs isomers in stack flue gas 77