표제지
목차
1. 서론 10
2. 그라우팅 시멘트 물성 측정 13
2.1. 시편성형 13
2.2. 측정 방법 15
2.2.1. 기본 물성 측정 15
2.2.2. 시편의 인장, 압축강도 측정 17
3. 실험 결과 20
3.1. 시편의 기본 물성 20
3.2. 일축, 삼축압축시험에서의 응력-변형률 관계 22
3.3. 압축강도와 항복응력 26
3.4. 인장강도 28
3.5. 동적 물성 측정 30
4. 측정 물성의 활용: 수치모델 33
4.1. 주입공 주변의 응력 상태 35
4.2. 모델설정 37
4.3. 수치해석 결과 39
4.3.1. 그라우팅재의 물성에 따른 응력변화 39
4.3.2. 그라우팅재의 타설된 형태에 따른 응력변화 42
4.3.3. 파괴영역 44
4.4. 주입공 안정성에 대한 QRA분석 46
5. 토의 51
6. 결론 53
참고문헌 55
ABSTRACT 60
Table 3.1. Physical properties of grouting cements for different water/cement... 21
Table 4.1. Input parameters used for numerical modeling 38
Fig. 2.1. The fabrication process of specimens. 14
Fig. 2.2. Effective porosity determination (a) specimens were saturated... 16
Fig. 2.3. Sonic velocity measurement of a core sample. 17
Fig. 2.4. Measurement of tensile strength from Brazilian test. 18
Fig. 2.5. Triaxial compression tests with confining pressures at 0, 3,... 19
Fig. 3.1. Effective porosity and seismic velocities (Vp,... 21
Fig. 3.2. Differential stress versus strain in uniaxial and triaxial compression tests at various confining pressures (0, 3, 6,... 23
Fig. 3.3. Static Young's modulus determined from loading... 26
Fig. 3.4. Compressive strength and yield stress at various... 27
Fig. 3.5. Various types of failure of cement specimens: from left to right,... 28
Fig. 3.6. Tensile strength versus the water/cement (w/c)... 29
Fig. 3.7. Dynamic Young's modulus as a function of the... 31
Fig. 3.8. Dynamic modulus versus static modulus as a... 32
Fig. 4.1. Examples of cement sheath failure (After Barlet-Gouédard... 34
Fig. 4.2. Cross-section of a vertical borehole showing the far-field... 36
Fig. 4.3. A 2-D numerical model for the... 39
Fig. 4.4. Variation of effective tangential stress around a grouted injection borehole for cement (a) with w/c... 41
Fig. 4.5. Variation of effective tangential stress around a grouted injection borehole for cement(w/c=0.4)... 43
Fig. 4.6. Prediction of the failed zone around grouted injection borehole for cement with (a) w/c=0.4. and... 45
Fig. 4.7. Sensitivity plots showing the effects of uncertainties(± 20%) in the... 48
Fig. 5.1. Sensitivity plots showing the effects of uncertainties in the UCS, the young's modulus and the poisson's... 52