South Korea's rapid economic development in 1990s caused shortage of inner-urban development space. As a result of developable area in urban, a considerable portion of suburban area were designated as quasi-agriculture zone. Quasi-agriculture zone caused not only fragmented development, but also problems such as infrastructure shortage, landscape destruction, environmental pollution, farmland erosion, and etc. As South Korea government implemented National Land Planning and Utilization Act in January 2003, Korea government started systematic management of land which were divided into urban area and agriculture area in the past. As a way of systematic management, Korea government divided land into urban zone, management zone, agriculture zone, natural environment conservation area. Also after 2007, Korea government has begun subdivision plan of management zone to develop and preserve suburban area as planned. However there are some critiques about ambiguity of previous land suitability assessment, and local government's discretionary power in implementation stage of subdivision management plan induce fragmentation of land use. Also there are lack of practical evidences about land fragmentation that can be understood in terms of urban space, because such evidences are based on the number of development permissions, and location of factory.
This study examines land fragmentation after enforcement of subdivision plan in management zone especially urbanized and built up area. Also I examine whether systematic management has been implemented as planned after subdivision plan.
In this case study, I chose 3 cities that Gimhae, Yangsan and Hwaseong. Then I used triangulate study strategies. Those are made up literature research, time series method and space analysis. I used landscape analysis program so called FRAGSTATS that is used in landscape ecology field to review land fragmentation during urbanization. Land cover data were collected from Korea Ministry of environment, and I used zoning map, administrative map to designate spatial range. Using 5m*5m raster files basically, I divided land cover type into urbanized area, built up area, agriculture area, forest area, grassland, wetland, bare ground, pawnee in accordance with land cover hierarchical classification. I also examined land fragmentation change in before and after 2007.
I selected Number of Patch(NP), Patch Density(PD), Mean patch size(AREA_MN), Mean perimeter-to-area ratio(PARA_MN), Area-Weighted Mean Shape(SHAPE_MN), Area-Weighted Mean Fractal Demension(FRAC_MN), Contrast-Weighted edge Density (CWED), Contagion Index(CONTAG) to analyze land fragmentation in Gimhae, Yangsan and Hwaseong. Analysis results showed that management zone in three cities were fragmented after 2007.
And This study reveals two key messages for practice. Review of guidelines for prevention of land fragmentation considering entire urban space and guidelines for land suitability assessment are needed to prevent fragmentation of development. Moreover, consideration of land fragmentation problems caused by subdivision management plan is needed in enacting local governments' ordinance and development permit system.