Title Page
Contents
Abstract 12
Chapter 1. Introduction 14
1.1. Research Background 14
1.2. Research Purpose and Question 16
1.3. Research Outline 17
Chapter 2. The Basis of Blockchain Technology and Literature Review 20
2.1. The Basis of Blockchain Technology 20
2.1.1. Blockchain Technology 20
2.1.2. Architecture of Blockchain 21
2.1.3. Characteristics of Blockchain 23
2.2. Application of Blockchain Technology 24
2.2.1. Supply Chain Management 26
2.2.2. Maritime Industry 28
2.2.3. Aviation Industry 31
2.3. Blockchain Technology and Sustainability 33
2.4. Summary 35
Chapter 3. Analysis of Latest Research on Blockchain Technology in the Logistics Industry 37
3.1. Introduction 37
3.2. Research Design 38
3.2.1. Research Method 38
3.2.2. Data Selection 39
3.3. Literature Characteristics Analysis 40
3.3.1. Quantitative Characteristics of Literature 40
3.3.2. Country Collaboration Network 41
3.3.3. Institution Collaboration Network 43
3.4. Co-citation Network Analysis 45
3.4.1. Reference Co-citation Network 45
3.4.2. Author Co-citation Network 47
3.4.3. Journal Co-citation Network 48
3.5. Keyword Co-occurrence Analysis 50
3.5.1. Timezone View 51
3.5.2. Timeline View 52
3.5.3. Strongest Citation Bursts 55
3.6. Summary 57
Chapter 4. Organizational Characteristics Affecting Blockchain Technology Application 59
4.1. Introduction 59
4.2. Literature Review and Research Hypothesis 60
4.2.1. Factors Affecting Blockchain Technology Application 60
4.2.2. Research Hypothesis 64
4.3. Methodology and Data 65
4.3.1. Data Collection 65
4.3.2. Model Construction 68
4.4. Empirical Study 70
4.4.1. Descriptive Analysis 70
4.4.2. Regression Analysis 71
4.5. Summary 75
Chapter 5. Blockchain Technology Application and Economic Performance 76
5.1. Introduction 76
5.2. Literature Review and Research Hypothesis 77
5.2.1. Information Sharing and Blockchain Technology 77
5.2.2. Blockchain Technology and Economic Performance 78
5.3. Methodology and Data 80
5.3.1. Data Selection 80
5.3.2. Model Construction 82
5.4. Empirical Analysis 84
5.4.1. Descriptive Statistics 84
5.4.2. Economic Performace Test 85
5.5. Heterogeneity Analysis 86
5.5.1. The Heterogeneity Analysis of Firm Ownership 87
5.5.2. The Heterogeneity Analysis of Firm Scale 88
5.6. Robustness Analysis 89
5.6.1. Alternative Dependent Variable 89
5.6.2. Repeated Random Sampling 91
5.7. Propensity Score Matching and Difference-in-Differences Analysis 92
5.7.1. Propensity Score Matching 93
5.7.2. Difference-in-Differences Analysis 96
5.8. Summary 98
Chapter 6. Blockchain Technology Application, Social Performance, and Environmental Performance 100
6.1. Introduction 100
6.2. Literature Review and Research Hypothesis 101
6.2.1. Corporate Social Responsibility and Technological Innovation 101
6.2.2. Blockchain Technology and Social Performance 103
6.2.3. Blockchain Technology and Environmental Performance 104
6.3. Methodology and Data 105
6.3.1. Sample Selection 105
6.3.2. Model Construction 106
6.4. Empirical Analysis 110
6.4.1. Descriptive Statistics 110
6.4.2. Benchmark Regression 111
6.5. Heterogeneity Analysis 114
6.5.1. The Heterogeneity Analysis of Firm Ownership 114
6.5.2. The Heterogeneity Analysis of Firm Scale 115
6.6. Robustness Analysis 117
6.7. Summary 118
Chapter 7. Conclusion 120
7.1. Research Findings 120
7.2. Contributions and Implications 124
7.2.1. Contributions 124
7.2.2. Managerial Implications 125
7.3. Limitations and Future Research 129
Reference 131
Table 2-1. Summary of the Cases in Supply Chain Management 28
Table 2-2. Summary of the Cases in the Maritime Industry 30
Table 2-3. Summary of the Cases in the Aviation Industry 32
Table 3-1. Data Sample from Web of Science 40
Table 3-2. Top 10 Countries in terms of Collaboration Network 43
Table 3-3. Top 15 Institutions in terms of Collaboration Network 44
Table 3-4. Details of Reference Co-citation 46
Table 3-5. Details of Author Co-citation 48
Table 3-6. Details of Journal Co-citation 49
Table 3-7. Top 20 Frequent Keywords 52
Table 3-8. Details of Keyword Clusters 54
Table 4-1. Summary of Factors that Affecting Blockchain Technology Application 62
Table 4-2. Descriptive Statistics of Variables in Identify Organizational Characteristics 70
Table 4-3. Pearson's Correlation Coefficients and VIFs of Variables in Identify Organizational Characteristics 71
Table 4-4. Results of the Hausman Test 72
Table 4-5. Results of Residuals Test 72
Table 4-6. Binary Choice Model Regression Results 74
Table 5-1. Thirty-six Companies Applied Blockchain Technology 81
Table 5-2. Descriptive Statistics of Variables in Economic Performance Test 84
Table 5-3. Pearson's Correlation Coefficients and VIFs of Variables in Economic Performance Test 85
Table 5-4. Regression Results of Economic Performance 86
Table 5-5. Regression Results of Firm Ownership on Economic Performance 87
Table 5-6. Regression Results of Firm Scale on Economic Performance 88
Table 5-7. Robustness Regression Results by Alternative Dependent Variables 90
Table 5-8. Robustness Regression Results by Repeated Random Sampling 91
Table 5-9. Year-by-Year Balance Test_Before Matching 95
Table 5-10. Year-by-Year Balance Test_After Matching 95
Table 5-11. The PSM-DID regression results 97
Table 6-1. Formulation of Social Responsibility Report Total Score 107
Table 6-2. Formulation of Corporate Environmental Performance Index 108
Table 6-3. Descriptive Statistics of Variables in Social, Environmental Performance Test 110
Table 6-4. Pearson's Correlation Coefficients and VIFs of Variables in Social, Environmental Performance Test 111
Table 6-5. Regression Results of Social Performance 112
Table 6-6. Regression Results of Environmental Performance 113
Table 6-7. Regression Results of Firm Ownership on Social, Environmental Performance 115
Table 6-8. Regression Results of Firm Scale on Social, Environmental Performance 116
Table 6-9. PSM-DID Results for Robustness 118
Figure 1-1. Research Structure 19
Figure 2-1. Blockchain Structure 22
Figure 3-1. Annual Number of Blockchain Studies 41
Figure 3-2. A Visualization of the Country Collaboration Network 42
Figure 3-3. A Visualization of the Institutional Collaboration Network 43
Figure 3-4. References Co-citation Analysis 46
Figure 3-5. Author Co-citation Analysis 47
Figure 3-6. A Visualization of Cited Journals Network 49
Figure 3-7. A Timezone View of Keywords 51
Figure 3-8. A Timeline View of Keyword Clusters 53
Figure 3-9. Top 10 Keywords with the Strongest Citation Bursts 55
Figure 4-1. The Category and Number of Companies in the Logistics Industry 67
Figure 4-2. Thirty-six Companies Applying Blockchain Technology in Different Sub-industry 67
Figure 4-3. Number and Ratio of Companies Applying Blockchain Technology from 2017 to 2020 67
Figure 5-1. Propensity Score Distribution of Blockchain Technology Application 94