표제지
목차
국문초록 9
I. 서론 11
II. 이론적 배경 13
1. 리그닌(Lignin) 13
2. 하이드로젤(Hydrogel) 18
3. 전도성 고분자(Conducting Polymer) 21
4. 전도성 고분자/리그닌 복합소재(Conduct Polymer Lignin Composite Materials) 25
5. 전도성 젤(Conducting gel) 26
III. 실험 27
1. 재료 27
2. 폴리피롤/리그닌 복합소재 제조 27
3. 전도성 하이드로젤 제조 29
4. 전극형 센서 제작 및 측정 방법 29
5. 흡착 실험 32
6. 분석 및 측정 32
IV. 결과 및 고찰 33
1. 리그닌 기본 물성 분석 33
2. 복합소재 제조 및 전기화학적 물성 분석 37
1) 복합소재 SEM 37
2) 폴리피롤/리그닌 적외선 분광도 분석(IR) 42
3) 폴리피롤 순환 전압전류 측정(CV) 44
4) 폴리피롤/리그닌 탄화 전, 후 순환 전압전류 측정(CV) 46
5) 폴리피롤/리그닌 임피던스 49
3. 복합소재 센서 활용 연구 52
1) 폴리피롤/리그닌@아가로즈 젤 순환 접압전류 측정(CV) 52
2) 폴리피롤/리그닌@아가로즈 젤 I-V 측정 54
4. 복합소재의 유해물질 감지능력 및 흡착재로서의 응용 56
1) 복합소재 패드 가스감지 프로파일 56
2) 복합소재 패드 용액감지 프로파일 63
3) 폴리피롤@아가로즈 젤과 폴리피롤/리그닌@아가로즈 젤 센서 특성 비교 (리그닌의 영향) 69
4) 파라벤 센서 프로파일 71
5) 폴리피롤/리그닌 133CS+ 흡착[이미지참조] 73
V. 결론 및 제언 76
참고문헌 80
Abstract 92
Figure 1. Cell wall containing cellulose microfibrils, hemicellulose, pectin, lignin and soluble proteins. 14
Figure 2. Lignin molecular structure. 15
Figure 3. Chemical structures of lignin constituents. 16
Figure 4. Agarose gel molecular structure. 20
Figure 5. Structural formulas of representative conductive polymers. 22
Figure 6. Polypyrrole/lignin manufacturing process. 28
Figure 7. (A) Polypyrrole/lignin in agarose gel and (B) Polypyrrole in agarose gel manufacturing process. 30
Figure 8. Scheme show the production of liquid samples incorporated using polypyrrole and polypyrrole/lignin gel as a sensor. 31
Figure 9. CV profile of lignin scan rate of (A) 50mV/s and (B) 200mV/s. 35
Figure 10. lignin UV in the range of 200-800nm. 36
Figure 11. SEM images of polypyrrole/lignin composites (A) low and (B) high magnificantion. 39
Figure 12. SEM images of polypyrrole in agrose (A) low and (B) high magnificantion. 40
Figure 13. SEM images of polypyrrole/lignin in agrose (A) low and (B) high magnificantion. 41
Figure 14. FT-IR spectra of lignin and polypyrrole/lignin hybrid. 43
Figure 15. Cyclic voltammograms of polypyrrole polymer measured in several different electrolytes. 45
Figure 16. CV Profile of before-Carbonization polypyrrole/lignin different Complex Content at Scan rate of 100 mV/s. 47
Figure 17. CV Profile of after-Carbonization polypyrrole/lignin different Complex Content at Scan rate of 100 mV/s. 48
Figure 18. Nuquist plot showing of polypyrrole/lignin composite measured impedance in different solvent. 50
Figure 19. (A) Nyquist and (B) Bode plots of polypyrrole/lignin and polypyrrole/lignosulfonate composites obtained by impedance... 51
Figure 20. Cyclic voltammograms of conductive gels containing polypyrrole/lignin composites measured in base electrolyte. 53
Figure 21. I-V curve for the polypyrrole/lignin in agarose containing on the Au electrode. 55
Figure 22. Electrical signals obtained after solvent addition on the hydrogel containing polypyrrole/lignin hybrids. 59
Figure 23. Electrical test signals of polypyrrole and polypyrrole/lignin in agarose composite to N₂. 60
Figure 24. Electrical test signals of polypyrrole and polypyrrole/lignin in agarose composite to NH₃. 61
Figure 25. Electrical test signals of polypyrrole and polypyrrole/lignin in agarose composite to NO₂. 62
Figure 26. Electrical responses of polypyrrole in agarose to H₂O₂. 65
Figure 27. Electrical responses of polypyrrole in agarose to NH₄OH. 66
Figure 28. Electrical responses of polypyrrole/lignin in agarose to H₂O₂. 67
Figure 29. Electrical responses of polypyrrole/lignin in agarose to NH₄OH. 68
Figure 30. The difference when NH₃gas and NH₃solution were introduced into the polypyrrole@agarose gel and the... 70
Figure 31. Sensing profiles obtained after analyte solution addition on the hydrogel containing polypyrrole/lignin hybrids as a function of... 72
Figure 32. ¹³³Cs ion adsorption difference between polypyrrole and polypyrrole/lignin according to contact time. 74
Figure 33. ¹³³Cs ion uptake behavior as a function of equilibrium ion concentration. 75