우리나라에서 시공되고 있는 대부분의 공동주택은 벽식구조를 사용하고 있다. 벽식구조는 라멘구조의 보와 슬래브 대신에 벽이 하중을 부담하는 방식으로, 바닥충격음 특히 중량충격음에 대한 차음성능 측면에서 많은 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 벽식구조와 라멘구조의 모형체를 제작하여 구조방식에 따른 차이점을 파악한 후, 벽식구조에서의 바닥충격음에 대한 차음성능 개선방안을 제안코자 하였다. 제안된 개선방식은 현장실험을 통하여 현재 주로 시공되고 있는 공동주택 바닥구조와 충격음에 대한 차음성능을 비교함으로서, 제안된 개선방식의 바닥충격음에 대한 활용가능성을 검증하였다.Floor impact sound has been most annoying for years among the noises which are produced in apartment. This study aims to analyze the improvement of floor impact sound by comparing the results of the test which was carried out for the wall slab type apartment and moment frame apartment, and also for the effect of advanced vibration isolation layer. Moment frame structure that main structure consists of column and slab has shown better performance for the heavyweight impact sound comparing with wall slab type structure which is general type in Korea. Stiffness of floor system was raised by reinforcing the stiffness of vibration isolation layer, and it was analyzed how much the floor impact sound performance was improved. The result showed that the reinforced floor had better performance than the existing floor system that uses lightweight porous concrete as vibration isolation material. In addition, a system used wire mesh in mortar showed improvement of floor impact sound than a system without wire mesh, and better performance for the frequency bands lower than 160 Hz which causes floor impact problem in wall slab type apartment.