중국 경제가 글로벌 파워로 성장하고 있는 21세기, 중국의 간부제도는 역설적으로 과거로의 퇴행적 모습을 보이고 있으며, 실제로 많은 문제점을 노정하고 있는 것이 사실이다. 무엇보다 중국 간부대오를 정치적, 조직적으로 이끌었던 덩샤오핑이 부재한 오늘 날 중국의 간부개혁이 계속 진행될 수 있을지, 또 그러한 간부대오를 통해 정치안정을 계속 유지해 갈 수 있을지는 매우 불투명해 보인다 하겠다.This article supposes that Deng Xiaoping's initial concept, that is, to guarantee political party line by the cadre organization, is one of the major factors which have kept PRC politically stable, regardless of the rapid economic and social transformation since the Reform and Opening policy. The CCP, essentially the object of the reform, has turned itself into the subject of the reform, and has reformed the function and role of cadre and personnel system with no harm in the nature of political system (persevering the party-state system).
Under these circumstances, this article is to look into the meaning of cadre, or the core of the CCP's party-state system, the aims and backgrounds of the cadre reform, and then to examine features and main points in every reform period of the cadre system. Mostly, this article, by investigating China's Public Civil Service System of 2005, examines how CCP's control has embedded into the reformed cadre system and what it has meant in China's political stability. In conclusion, China's reform of cadre system is no more than an early nomenklatura system, partially combined with Western bureaucracy. In addition, the article shows that the cadre reform applies only to a small number of lower-level servants, and on the contrary, among the major cadre, 'the CCP's leadership' has been intensified.
In the 21st century, however, with its global growth in economy, China's cadre system has ironically shown a retrogression in reform. Most of all, in today's China, with the absence of Deng Xiaoping, who had politically led the cadre organization, it is still unclear whether China's cadre reform will proceed, and whether China will keep its politics stable through such a reform.