This paper suggests a theoretical framework considering both political culture and the military capability simultaneously to evaluate social and political roles of the Korean Military. As expected, the military expands social and political roles and people evaluate it positively when both political culture is prematured and the capability of the military is relatively high. On the contrary, the military shrinks its social and political roles and people evaluate the military negatively when both political culture is matured and the capability of the military is relatively low. This research is meaningful in that it employs a dynamic perspective in analyzing social and political roles of the military by the level of political culture and military capability.