This article uses E-prime for the first time to conduct hearing experiments on Mongolian standard sound vowels /ɐ/ and /ə/. Which is divided into identification and discrimination tests. The author analyzes the participants’ recognition rate and discrimination rate of various stimulus samples, and the perceptive boundary and boundary width of vowels /ɐ/ and /ə/ were explored. The results show that the F1 value at the boundary of the Mongolian standard sound vowels /ɐ/ and /ə/ is about 672Hz; the boundary width is about 100Hz; the distinguishing peak value is 88.19%. Through this article, we have taken the first step in the study of Mongolian vowel hearing experiments, and initially proved the feasibility of this research idea.