이 연구는 ‘한잔’의 사용 양상과 의미에 관한 것이다. 고려대학교 민족문화연구소에서 제공하는 동아일보 코퍼스(http://corpus.korea.ac.kr/donga)를 대상으로 살펴보았는데 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, ‘한잔’의 선행어 중 가장 고빈도를 차지하는 것은 ‘술’과 그 하위어와 ‘차’, ‘커피’이고 후행어 중 가장 고빈도를 차지하는 것은 ‘하다, 마시다, 나누다’이다. 시대별 선·후행어 결합 양상을 통해 ‘한잔’이 의미하던 것이 처음에는 ‘술’이다가 1960년대부터는 ‘커피’가, 1980년대부터는 ‘차’가, 1990년대부터는 ‘자판기 커피’가, 2010년대부터는 ‘소맥’이 사용됨을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, ‘한잔’은 ‘구의 단어화’로 인해 생겼으며, 여기에 접미사 ‘-하다’가 결합하였고, ‘한잔’ 또는 ‘한잔하다’가 시간의 변화에 따라 ‘술’에서 ‘차’나 ‘커피’, ‘물이나 음료’ 등으로 확장하여 사용되었다. 셋째, ‘한잔’과 결합하여 구성 성분의 의미가 투명한 연어로 사용되거나, 구성 성분의 의미가 불투명해지는 숙어로 사용되기도 함을 볼 수 있었다. 숙어화된 비유적인 표현이라도 구성 성분의 일부인 단어가 축자적인 의미로 사용될 때는 의미가 투명하게 사용됨을 알 수 있었다.
This study aims to interpret the semantic extension by using aspects of “a Cup of Drink[han-jan]”, from the short-term diachronic perspective and newspapers published in the 1940s-2010s. It examined how the meaning of “a drink(han-jan)”, a combined word, has been used for 70 years, for the Dong-A ilbo corpus of 410 million syntactic words provided by the National Culture Research institute, Korea University.
First, the frequencies of “wine[Sul]” and its sub-word “tea[Cha]” and “Coffee” were highest among the antecedents of “a drink”, followed by “water[Mul]”, “tea[Da(茶)]” and “cool water[Naengsu]”. The antecedents have been extended from “wine[Sul]” through “Coffee” and “tea[Cha]” to “beverage[Eumryo]”, as combined antecedents have been used by periods.
Second, the frequencies of “do[Hada]”, “drink[Masida]” and “share[Nanuda]” were highest among the postmodifiers of “a Cup of Drink[han-jan]” and they would mean “gather together and have time to drink wine or tea” if they are combined with “a Cup of Drink[han-jan]”. “A Cup of Drink[han-jan]” first meant “wine[Sul]” but “Coffee” since the 1960s; “tea[Cha]” since the 1980s; “coffee from a vending machine[Japangi Coffee]” since the 1990s; and “[Somaek](Soju+beer)” since 2010s, based on the combined postmodifiers by periods.
Third, “a Cup of Drink[han-jan]” was derived from the word “[Han Jan]” a phrase, and was combined with “-do[-Hada]”, a suffix, to create “have a drink[han-janhada]”. “A drink[han-jan]” or “have a drink[han- janhada]” was extended to “wine[Sul]”, “tea[Cha]”, “Coffee” and “wate r[Mul] or beverage[Eumryo]” over time, and were reflected in the definitions of dictionaries.
Fourth, the components combined with “han-jan” were used as transparent collocations or opaque idioms. Even idiomized analogical expressions were transparently used, when some words, the parts of the components were successively used.
This study provide a new direction to research on analogy or the semantic extension by elucidating the use aspect or meanings of “a Cup of Drink[han-jan]”