Blockchain technology is a decentralized technology that distributes and stores the ledger containing transaction details to all members participating in the transaction, and is a core technology for next-generation service security. This paper begins with a brief introduction to the basic principles of blockchain processing, followed by the latest technology and standardization of blockchain 3.0, as well as application service trends such as NFT (Non-Fungible Token), DID (Decentralized ID), and DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organization). Analyze. In addition, future research topics include expanding scalability, strengthening security, protecting personal information by encrypting transaction information, and reducing power consumption to overcome the limitations of blockchain.