Since satellites play a pivotal role in modern and future warfare, major military powers worldwide are heavily investing in military space capabilities. In comparison to technologically advanced nations, South Korea has entered the satellite domain relatively late, necessitating a careful cost-effectiveness analysis due to budgetary constraints and limited implementation time. Therefore, this study aims to present a theoretical framework to determine the minimum number of satellites required to ensure uninterrupted 24-hour communication and reconnaissance in the Korean Peninsula, along with an optimization model to calculate this minimum. The research demonstrates that the minimum number of satellites necessary for the Korean Peninsula can be computed under various scenarios and conditions. These findings are expected to facilitate accurate cost-effectiveness analyses for future adoption of commercial satellites or the development of indigenous ones tailored for military applications.