Hydrogen is gaining momentum as countries prioritize decarbonization of hard-to-abate sectors. However, hydrogen production entails technological and resource-intensive processes, resulting in intricate value chains and complex dependencies along them. Apart from that, hydrogen trade and market dynamics have the potential to alter not only economic but also power relations between countries and the geopolitical landscape. Eurasia, often overlooked in the context of Europe’s hydrogen plans, emerges as a pivotal macro-region due to the concentration of technology and abundant resources (fossil fuels, renewable energy and critical minerals) along important transit routes as well as evolving intra-continental trade ties beyond Europe and the geographic West. Thus, the present paper will explore Eurasia’s anticipated role within hydrogen value and supply chains and delve into how the European Union’s (EU) hydrogen initiatives may reshape Europe’s energy and geopolitical relationships with countries spanning the supercontinent. It underscores the importance of considering agency, priorities, interests, and motivations of potential hydrogen partners in effectively managing the arising dependencies. The findings highlight the need for a comprehensive understanding of the evolving hydrogen landscape, which promises to reshape energy relations and geopolitics across the Eurasian supercontinent.