목차
[표제지등]=0,1,2
제출문=0,3,2
요약문=i,5,52
목차=Iiii,57,7
[머리말]=vix,64,1
제I장 서론=1,65,2
1절 연구의 배경 및 목적=3,67,7
2절 연구의 내용과 범위=10,74,19
제II장 국내외 기술개발 현황=29,93,2
1절 국내 자연형 하천공법 적용 현황=31,95,1
1. 조사 목적 및 방법=31,95,2
2. 조사하천의 하천정비 현황=32,96,29
2절 외국의 사례 조사=61,125,1
1. 스위스의 자연형 하천정비=61,125,11
2. 일본 비오톱 조성 사례=72,136,20
3. 미국 비오톱 조성 사례=92,156,29
제III장 하천 생태계의 구조와 기능=121,185,2
1절 조사 내용 및 방법=123,187,3
2절 수변 토양 및 저토=126,190,1
1. 토사의 침식과 퇴적=126,190,4
2. 토양 수분 모형=129,193,4
3. 수변의 질소, 인 제거 기작의 일반=133,197,4
4. 질소의 순환과 제거 모형=136,200,5
3절 어류, 양서ㆍ파충류, 포유류=141,205,1
1. 조사항목 및 분석방법=141,205,2
2. 생물다양도 분석=142,206,3
4절 저서성 대형 무척추동물=145,209,1
1. 하천생태계내 하상구성물=145,209,4
2. 하상의 역할과 중요성=148,212,2
3. 유기물분해에서의 저서성 무척추동물의 중요성=149,213,2
4. 양재천 학여울 구간에서의 군집구조와 기능=150,214,8
5절 부착조류=158,222,1
1. 조사내용 및 방법=158,222,2
2. 조사지점=159,223,3
3. 조사내용=161,225,4
4. 결과 및 고찰=164,228,26
6절 식생=190,254,1
1. 공법적용전ㆍ후 연도별 식물 종의 분포현황=190,254,3
2. 양재천과 사기막천의 식물군집특성=193,257,7
3. 양재천 처리구별 종의 분포현황=199,263,4
4. 양재천 처리별 종다양성과 평균생물량 비교=203,267,3
7절 조류=206,270,1
1. 조사방법=206,270,1
2. 주변환경=206,270,1
3. 결과=206,270,9
8절 하천생태계의 유형화=215,279,2
1. 우리 나라 하천의 특성=217,281,3
2. 식생자원구분=219,283,8
3. 식생 자원의 데이터베이스=227,291,16
4. 향후과제=243,307,2
제IV장 하천환경평가=245,309,2
1절 하천 GAP ANALYSIS를 이용한 어류종 다양성 예측=247,311,1
1. 연구 배경 및 목적=247,311,2
2. 어류 종다양성 예측모델 구축=248,312,6
3. 어류 종다양성 예측모델의 적용 및 평가=254,318,32
4. 결론=285,349,3
2절 하천자연도와 조류 출현의 상관 분석=288,352,1
1. 서론=288,352,1
2. 연구방법=289,353,5
3. 결과=293,357,4
제V장 시험하천의 모니터링 및 평가=297,361,2
1절 양재천 학여울구간=299,363,1
1. 수환경 특성=299,363,15
2. 생태계 특성=314,378,35
3. 공법 적용 결과 평가=349,413,23
2절 양재천 과천구간=372,436,1
1. 수환경 특성=372,436,29
2. 생태계 특성=401,465,26
3. 경관 특성=426,490,2
4. 공법 적용 결과 평가=427,491,13
3절 양재천 서초구간=440,504,1
1. 수환경 특성=440,504,12
2. 생태계 특성=451,515,28
4절 성내천 시험구간=479,543,1
1. 수환경 특성=479,543,8
2. 생태계 특성=487,551,6
3. 공법 적용 결과 평가=492,556,7
5절 사기막천=499,563,1
1. 수환경 특성=499,563,21
2. 생태계 특성=520,584,28
영문목차
[title page etc.]=0,1,11
SUMMARY=vii,12,6
CONTENTS=xiv,18,8
LIST OF TABLES=xxii,26,9
LIST OF FIGURES=xxxi,35,30
Chapter I Introduction=1,65,2
Section 1 Backfround and purpose=3,67,7
Section 2 Scope and contents=10,74,1
1. Summary of the reaearch=10,74,6
2. Results of the first and second year project=15,79,2
3. Contents of the third year project=16,80,13
Chapter II Investigation of related research in Korea and other countries=29,93,2
Section 1 Recent river improvement projects in Korea=31,95,1
1. Purpose and method=31,95,2
2. Present conditions of investigated stream=32,96,29
Section 2 Case study of stream restoration in foreign countries=61,125,1
1. Stream restoration projects in Swiss=61,125,11
2. Stream biotope projects in Japan=72,136,20
3. Stream biotope projects in U.S.A.=92,156,29
Chapter III Structure and function of riparian ecosystem=121,185,2
Section 1 Backfround and methods of research=123,187,3
Section 2 Riparian soil and substrate=136,190,1
1. Stream erosion and sedimentation=126,190,4
2. Soil water models=129,193,4
3. General mechanism of thd removal of nitrogen phosphate in riparian ecosystem=133,197,4
4. Nitrogen cycle and removal models=136,200,5
Section 3 Fishes, Amphibians, reptiles and Mammals=141,205,1
1. Survey and analysis methods=141,205,2
2. Biodiversity analysis=142,206,3
Section 4 Aquatic macro-invertebrate=145,209,1
1. Composition of river bed materals=145,209,4
2. Roles and importance of river bed=148,212,2
3. Importance of aquatic macro-invertebrate for dicomposition of organic matters=149,213,2
4. Community structure and function of aquatic macro-invertebrate commuity in the Hakyeul reach of the Yangjae stream=150,214,8
Section 5 Periphyton=158,222,1
1. Survey methods=158,222,2
2. Sampling points=159,223,3
3. Suvey of periphyton community=161,225,4
4. Result and discussion=164,228,26
Section 6 Vegetation=190,254,1
1. Distribution of riparian vegetation species before and after the river restoration demonstration projects=190,254,3
2. Characteristics of riparian vegetation communities of the Sagimak and Yangjae streams=193,257,7
3. Distribution of riparian vegetation on each river restoration technique=199,263,4
4. Comparison of biodiversity and biomass for each river restoration technique=203,267,3
Section 7 Birds=206,270,1
1. Method of investigation=206,270,1
2. Bird habitat of the study sites=206,270,1
3. Results=206,270,9
Section 8 Classification of riparian ecosystems=215,279,2
1. Plant community surveys=217,281,3
2. Classification of plant resources=219,283,8
3. Data base of riparian vegatation=227,291,16
4. Further research=243,307,2
Chapter IV Evaluation metheods of riparian environment=245,309,2
Section 1 Prediction of fish species diversity with aquatic GAP analysis=247,311,1
1. Background and objectives=247,311,2
2. Development of fish species-habitat relationship models=248,312,6
3. Applicatio and accuracy test of fish species-habitat relationship models=254,318,32
4. Results and discussion=285,349,3
Section 2 Analysis of relationship between the degree of naturalness of streams and avian community=288,352,1
1. Introduction=288,352,1
2. Method of research=289,353,5
3. Result=293,357,4
Chapter V Monitoring and assessment of test streams=297,361,2
Section 1 Hakyoul reach in the Yangjae stream=299,363,1
1. Characteristics of water environment=299,363,15
2. Characteristics of ecosystem=314,378,35
3. Assessment of effect of applied techniques=349,413,23
Section 2 Kwacheon reach in the Yangjae stream=372,436,1
1. Characteristics of water environment=372,436,29
2. Chatacteristics of ecosystem=401,465,26
3. Chatacteristics of landscape=426,490,2
4. Assessment of effect of applied techniques=427,491,13
Section 3 Seocho reach in the Yangjae stream=440,504,1
1. Characterisics of water environment=440,504,12
2. Characteristics of ecosystem=451,515,28
Section 4 Seongnae stream=479,543,1
1. Characteristics of water environment=479,543,8
2. Chatacteristics of ecosystem=487,551,6
3. Assessment of effect of applied techniques=492,556,7
Section 5 Snaimak stream=499,563,1
1. Characteristics of water environment=499,563,21
2. Chatacteristics of ecosystem=520,584,28
Table 1.2.1 Purposes and contents of the project=12,76,1
Table 2.1.1 A list of construction cost for Oiahm stream=49,113,1
Table 2.2.1 Itinerary for the field trip to Hokkaido, Japan=72,136,1
Table 2.2.2 Comparison of the river restoration projects of Korea to that of Hokkaido, Japan=91,155,1
Table 2.2.3 Itinerary for the field trip to California, U.S.A.=92,156,1
Table 2.2.4 Criteria for the classification of aquatic habitats=118,182,1
Table 3.2.1 Denitrification rates in several riparian areas=133,197,1
Table 3.2.2 Parameter values used in the simulation of N processes=139,203,1
Table 3.2.3 Nitrogen budget and changes from March 1, 1997 to September 30, 1997 at Hakyoul riparian zone=140,204,1
Table 3.3.1 Fresh-water fish biodiversity indices of the sampling points at the Yangjae stream=144,208,1
Table 3.4.1 Size categories of nonliving organic matter (After Cummins 1962, Tolkamp 1980).=146,210,1
Table 3.4.2 Classification of inorganic substrate materials based on particle size (Allan 1995)=146,210,1
Table 3.5.1 Relationship among DAIpo, BOD5(이미지참조), and saprobic degrees(Watanabe and Asai, 1990).=163,227,1
Table 3.6.1 Class and dominant species obtained through hierarchical classification=195,259,1
Table 3.7.1 Monthly statistics of birds aroud the Yanjae stream, 1998=209,273,1
Table 3.7.2 Yearly statistics of birds around the Yangjae stream, 1996~1998=212,276,1
Table 4.1.1 Classification of factors for the fish-habitat relationship model=251,315,1
Table 4.1.2 Habitat requirements for the fish of the study site=252,316,2
Table 4.1.3 Factors of the fish-habitat relationship models=253,317,1
Table 4.1.4 List of constructed GIS database=254,318,1
Table 4.1.5 Characteristics of stream segments in the study site=255,319,1
Table 4.1.6 Water quality standard for life support of U.S. EPA=258,322,1
Table 4.1.7 Water quality standard of the Ministry of Environment, Korea=258,322,1
Table 4.1.8 The classification of habitat types with fish-habitat relationship model I=260,324,1
Table 4.1.9 The classification of habitat types with fish-habitat relationship model II=262,326,1
Table 4.1.10 Fish species list in habitat types in the study sites=267,331,1
Table 4.1.11 Predicted fish species richness of each habitat type using fish species-habitat relationship model II=269,333,1
Table 4.1.12 Predicted list of fish species for each habitat type with fish species-habitat relationship model II=273,337,1
Table 4.1.13 Sampling points for the accuracy test of models=275,339,1
Table 4.1.14 Observed and predicted fish species richness of habitat types with fish-habitat relatioship I=277,341,1
Table 4.1.15 Observed and predicted fish species richness of habitat types with fish-species relationship model II=278,342,1
Table 4.1.16 The accuracy of predicted fish species list of the fish species-habitat rolationship model I=279,343,1
Table 4.1.17 The accuracy of the fish species-habitat relationship model I=280,344,1
Table 4.1.18 The accuracy of predicted fish species list of the fish species-habitat relationship model II=281,345,1
Table 4.1.19 The accuracy of the fish species-habitat relationship model II=282,346,1
Table 4.1.20 Habitat characteristics of three fish species selected for the accurracy test of the distribution of individual species=283,347,1
Table 4.1.21 The accuracy of individual fish species predicted with fish species-habitat relationship model I=284,348,1
Table 4.1.22 The accuracy of individual fish species predicted with fish species-habitat relationship model II=284,348,1
Table 5.1.1 Methods of study for the pilot streams=299,363,1
Table 5.1.2 Geometrical property of the Yangjae stream=300,364,1
Table 5.1.3 Rainfall property of the Yangjae stream watershed=300,364,1
Table 5.1.4 Thiessen's polygon areas in the Yangjae stream watershed=301,365,1
Table 5.1.5 Rainfall duration and intensity of the Yangjae stream watershed(㎜/hr)=301,365,1
Table 5.1.6 Roughness coefficients of overland runoff and peak discharge in the Yangjae stream=302,366,1
Table 5.1.7 Rorghness coefficients of overland runoff and times-to-peak in the Yangjae stream=302,366,1
Table 5.1.8 Monthly water quality statics of Yangjae stream(Hakyeoul site 97, 98)=307,371,1
Table 5.1.9 Seasonal water quality statics of Yangjae stream(Hakyoul site)=310,374,1
Table 5.1.10 Comparision of river water criteria and water quality of Yangjae stream(Hakyoul site)=312,376,1
Table 5.1.11 Correlationship BOD5(이미지참조), SS and Turbidity at the Yangjae stream(Hakyoul site)=313,377,1
Table 5.1.12 Sampling sites of the Yangjae stream=314,378,1
Table 5.1.13 The correlation coefficients between soil respiration rate and environmental factors in the Yangjae stream=318,382,1
Table 5.1.14 Fresh-water fish list at the Yangjae stream, 1996-1998=323,387,1
Table 5.1.15 Herpetofauna list at the Hakyeoul, 1996-1998=324,388,1
Table 5.1.16 Comparison to Suwon stream and Hakyeoul Herpetofauna biodiversity index=324,388,1
Table 5.1.17 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation on the treatment plots, Hakyeul area, June 20, 1998=343,407,1
Table 5.1.18 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation on the treatment plots, Hakyeul area, September, 5,1998=344,408,1
Table 5.1.19 Monthly statistics of birds around Hakyeul site, 1998=346,410,1
Table 5.1.20 Yearly statistics of the avian community around Hakyeul site, 1996-1998=348,412,1
Table 5.1.21 Evaluation of the effects of the river restoration projects=353,417,1
Table 5.1.22 Evaluation of Fauna at the river restoration test project sites=354,418,1
Table 5.1.23 List of flora in the experimental reach (April, 1998)=360,424,1
Table 5.1.24 List of flora in the experimental reach (May 18, 1998)=361,425,1
Table 5.1.25 List of flora in the experimental reach (June 30, 1998)=362,426,1
Table 5.1.26 Plant species monitoring in experimental reach(1998)=363,427,1
Table 5.1.27 Rainfall intensity frequency and '98. 9's rainfall in the Seocho-Gu(unit : mm)=364,428,1
Table 5.2.1 Results of velocity measurements=376,440,1
Table 5.2.2 Results of mean velocity and discharge calculations=376,440,1
Table 5.2.3 Summary of stage and discharge measurements at the Boorim bridge=377,441,1
Table 5.2.4 Roughness coefficients for the selected sections (before construction)=384,448,1
Table 5.2.5 Roughness coefficients for the selected sections (after construction)=384,448,1
Table 5.2.6 Monthly Water quality statics of Yangjae stream(Kwacheon site 97,98)=388,452,1
Table 5.2.7 Hourly water quality variation of Yangjae stream(Kwacheong site, April, July)==392,456,1
Table 5.2.8 Seasonal water quality statics of Yangjae stream(Kwacheong site)=395,459,1
Table 5.2.9 Comparision of river water criteria and water quality of Yangjae stream(Kwacheong site)=397,461,1
Table 5.2.10 Correlationship BOD5(이미지참조), SS and Turbidity at the Yangjae stream =399,463,1
Table 5.2.11 Fresh-water fish list at the Kwacheon site=403,467,1
Table 5.2.12 Herpetofauna list at the Kwacheon, 1996-1998=404,468,1
Table 5.2.13 Sampling treament site, tretment and average biomass of vegetation, July 25, 1998=413,477,1
Table 5.2.14 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation on the Kwacheon, May 18, 1998=415,479,1
Table 5.2.15 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation on the Kwacheon, July 25, 1998=417,481,1
Table 5.2.16 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation on the Kwacheon, September 12, 1998=419,483,1
Table 5.2.17 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation on the Kwacheon, October 10, 1998=421,485,1
Table 5.2.18 Monthly statistics of birds around the Kwacheon site, 1998=424,488,1
Table 5.2.19 Yearly statistics of birds around Kwacheon, 1996-1998=425,489,1
Table 5.2.20 Right bank revetment techniques of yangjae stream=428,492,1
Table 5.2.21 Left bank revetment techniques of yangjae stream=429,493,1
Table 5.3.1 Measurements of stage and discharge at the Woomyeon bridge=442,506,1
Table 5.3.2 Monthly Water quality statics of Yangjae stream (Seocho site 97,98)=444,508,1
Table 5.3.3 Seasonsl water quality statics of Yangjae stream(Seocho site)=447,511,1
Table 5.3.4 Comparision of river water criteria and water quality of Yangjae stream(Seocho site)=449,513,1
Table 5.3.5 Correlationship BOD5, SS and Trubidity at the Yangjae stream=451,515,1
Table 5.3.6 Fresh-water fish list at the Seocho sampling points=454,518,1
Table 5.3.7 Herpetofauna list at the Mt. Woomyeon site=455,519,1
Table 5.3.8 Number of individuals(/㎡) in selected taxa and number of species at Seocho site=456,520,1
Table 5.3.9 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation at Seocho site, April 11, 1998=462,526,1
Table 5.3.10 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation at Seocho site, May 24, 1998=463,527,1
Table 5.3.11 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation at Seocho site, May 31, 1998=465,529,1
Table 5.3.12 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation at Seocho site, August 29, 1998=466,530,1
Table 5.3.13 Monthly statistics of birds from Umyunkyo bridge to Moojigae Bridge of the Yangjae stream, 1998=469,533,1
Table 5.3.14 Stream characteristics of the Yangjae stream=473,537,1
Table 5.3.15 Depth, velocity and width of the Yangjae stream=475,539,1
Table 5.4.1 Monthly Water quality statics of Seongnae Stream('98)=480,544,1
Table 5.4.2 Seasonal water quality statics of Sungnae stream=482,546,1
Table 5.4.3 Comparision of river water criteria and water quality of Sungnae stream=484,548,1
Table 5.4.4 Number of individuals(/㎡) in selected taxa and number of species at Seongnae stream=487,551,1
Table 5.4.5 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation at Seongnae stream site, June 6, 1998=489,553,1
Table 5.4.6 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation at Seongnae stream site, June 6, 1998=490,554,1
Table 5.5.1 Watershed property of the Sagimak Stream=500,564,1
Table 5.5.2 Average bed slopes of subbasins (Sagimak watershed)=501,565,1
Table 5.5.3 Roughness coefficients of overland runoff and peak discharge in thd Sagimak stream=503,567,1
Table 5.5.4 Roughness coefficients of overland runoff and times-to-peak in the Sagimak stream=503,567,1
Table 5.5.5 Measurements of stage and discharge at Mumyong I bridge=509,573,1
Table 5.5.6 Monthly Water quality statics of Sakimak stream(nomoon-2 bridge, '97)=512,576,1
Table 5.5.7 Monthly Water quality statics of Sakimak stream(moomyeong-2 bridge, '97,'98)=513,577,1
Table 5.5.8 Seasonal water quality statics of Sakimak stream=516,580,1
Table 5.5.9 Comparision of river water criteria and water quality of Sakimak stream=517,581,1
Table 5.5.10 Correlationship BOD5(이미지참조), SS and Turbidity at the Sakimak stream=519,583,1
Table 5.5.11 Study sites in the Sagimak stream=520,584,1
Table 5.5.12 The correlation coefficients between soil respiration rate and environmental factors of the Sagimak stream=524,588,1
Table 5.5.13 Fresh-water fish list at the Sagimak stream, 1996-1998=526,590,1
Table 5.5.14 Fish biodiversity indices of the sampling points of the Sagimak stream=527,591,1
Table 5.5.15 Fish habitat at the Sagimak stream=528,592,1
Table 5.5.16 Herpetofauna list at the Sagimak stream=529,593,1
Table 5.5.17 Amphibians and reptiles habitat at the Sagimak stream=530,594,1
Table 5.5.18 Mammaalian list at the Sagimak stream, 1996-1998=531,595,1
Table 5.5.19 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation at the Sagimak stream, April 25, 1998=538,602,1
Table 5.5.20 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation at the Sagimak stream, July 3, 1998=539,603,1
Table 5.5.21 Above ground biomass (g dw/㎡) of vegetation at the Sagimak stream, September 19, 1998=540,604,1
Table 5.5.22 Seasonal statistics of birds of the Sakimak stream, 1998=544,608,1
Table 5.5.23 Yearly statistics of birds of the Sakimak stream, 1996-1998=546,610,1
Fig. 2.1.1 Suwon stream after construction=34,98,1
Fig. 2.1.2 Suwon stream after construction('98.8)=34,98,1
Fig. 2.1.3 Cross section of the channel=39,103,1
Fig. 2.1.4 Sinri stream before construction=40,104,1
Fig. 2.1.5 Sinri stream after construction=40,104,1
Fig. 2.1.6 Bank of Sinri stream=41,105,1
Fig. 2.1.7 Site map of Oiahm stream=45,109,1
Fig. 2.1.8 Plan view of Oiahm stream=46,110,1
Fig. 2.1.9 Oiahm stream before construction=47,111,1
Fig. 2.1.10 Oeihm stream after construction=47,111,1
Fig. 2.1.11 Piling up stones=48,112,1
Fig. 2.1.12 After construction=48,112,1
Fig. 2.1.13 Construction of Fishway type drop structure=48,112,1
Fig. 2.1.14 Fishway type drop structure (after construction)=48,112,1
Fig. 2.1.15 Scouring of revetment foundation=51,115,1
Fig. 2.1.16 Present condition of channel=51,115,1
Fig. 2.1.17 Stone piling up revetment=51,115,1
Fig. 2.1.18 Stone drop structure=51,115,1
Fig. 2.1.19 A bar in the channel=51,115,1
Fig. 2.1.20 Perspective view of drop structure=51,115,1
Fig. 2.1.21 Cross section of stone revetment=52,116,1
Fig. 2.1.22 A plan of channel improvement=52,116,1
Fig. 2.1.23 Suryugol stream=53,117,1
Fig. 2.1.24 Stone revetment=53,117,1
Fig. 2.1.25 Fishway of Daechun stream=54,118,1
Fig. 2.1.26 A Design of the fishway=55,119,1
Fig. 2.1.27 Before construction of fishway=55,119,1
Fig. 2.1.28 After construction of fishway=55,119,1
Fig. 2.1.29 Napsil stream(before construciton)=57,121,1
Fig. 2.1.30 Napsil stream(after construction)=57,121,1
Fig. 2.1.31 Riprap revetment=57,121,1
Fig. 2.1.32 Stone revetment=57,121,1
Fig. 2.1.33 Before construction=58,122,1
Fig. 2.1.34 Under construction=58,122,1
Fig. 2.1.35 Namjo stream=59,123,1
Fig. 2.1.36 Danyang stream 1=59,123,1
Fig. 2.1.37 Danyang stream 2=59,123,1
Fig. 2.1.38 Danyang stream 3=59,123,1
Fig. 2.1.39 Solti stream 1=60,124,1
Fig. 2.1.40 Solti stream 2=60,124,1
Fig. 2.1.41 Jigti stream 1=60,124,1
Fig. 2.1.42 Jigti stream 2=60,124,1
Fig. 2.2.1 The field inspection map=62,126,1
Fig. 2.2.2 A beavers' habitat and a beaver dam=62,126,1
Fig. 2.2.3 The Control office of the Thur river=63,127,1
Fig. 2.2.4 The information board of fishes inhabiting the river=63,127,1
Fig. 2.2.5 Linearlized channel of the Thur river=64,128,1
Fig. 2.2.6 Ripraps and willow trees in the linerlized channel of the Thur river(Left side)=64,128,1
Fig. 2.2.7 Ripraps and willow trees in the linerlized channel of the Thur river(Right side)=65,129,1
Fig. 2.2.8 Groynes in the Thur River=65,129,1
Fig. 2.2.9 Riffle formed in the channel curvature=66,130,1
Fig. 2.2.10 High water area widened for securing carrying capacity=67,131,1
Fig. 2.2.11 Installation of groynes for protecting bank=67,131,1
Fig. 2.2.12 Removal of a drain pipe and restoration of the channel=68,132,1
Fig. 2.2.13 Removal of a road and restoration of land=69,133,1
Fig. 2.2.14 An artifical marsh for purifying the non-point pollutant flowing from a highway(upstream)=69,133,1
Fig. 2.2.15 An artificial marsh for purifying the no-point pollutant flowing from a highway(downstream)=70,134,1
Fig. 2.2.16 The Limmat river=71,135,1
Fig. 2.2.17 Traffic map of Hokkaido, Japan=73,137,1
Fig. 2.2.18 Off-line wetland at the Tomakomai Expermental Forest=74,138,1
Fig. 2.2.19 The stream restoration project sites of the Shojin river=75,139,1
Fig. 2.2.20 Map of the Shojin river near Nakajima elementary school=76,140,1
Fig. 2.2.21 Riverside park area of the Shojin river=76,140,1
Fig. 2.2.22 Before the restoration project of the Shojin river (1)=77,141,1
Fig. 2.2.23 After the restoration project of the Shojin river (1)=77,141,1
Fig. 2.2.24 Cross section of the restored Shojin river=78,142,1
Fig. 2.2.25 Before the restoration project of the Shojin river (2)=78,142,1
Fig. 2.2.26 After the restoration project of the Shojin river (2)=78,142,1
Fig. 2.2.27 Riverine park of the Shojin river=79,143,1
Fig. 2.2.28 Vegetated banks of the Shojin river=79,143,1
Fig. 2.2.29 Boulder weir of the Shojin river=79,143,1
Fig. 2.2.30 Tree root protection work of the Shojin river=79,143,1
Fig. 2.2.31 Before removal of conc. block at the Shojin river=80,144,1
Fig. 2.2.32 After removal of conc. block at the Shojin river=80,144,1
Fig. 2.2.33 After 28 months of the restoration project of the Shojin river=81,145,1
Fig. 2.2.34 A Fish ladder of the Shojin river=81,145,1
Fig. 2.2.35 Four months after the restoration by gabion at the Shojin river=82,146,1
Fig. 2.2.36 Forty-eight months after the restoration by gabion at the Shojin river=82,146,1
Fig. 2.2.37 Two months after the construction of stone retaining wall at the Shojin river=82,146,1
Fig. 2.2.38 Forty-eight months after the restoration project at the Shojin river=82,146,1
Fig. 2.2.39 Vegetated banks of the Shojin river=83,147,1
Fig. 2.2.40 Tree root protection work of the Shojin river=83,147,1
Fig. 2.2.41 Boulder rivetment of the Shojin river=83,147,1
Fig. 2.2.42 Timber rivetment of the Shojin river=83,147,1
Fig. 2.2.43 Boulders on river channel of the Shojin river=84,148,1
Fig. 2.2.44 A boulder dike of the Shojin river=84,148,1
Fig. 2.2.45 Fish pool protectio work of the Shojin river=84,148,1
Fig. 2.2.46 A fish pool of the Shojin river=84,148,1
Fig. 2.2.47 Fry habitat of the Shojin river=85,149,1
Fig. 2.2.48 Two types of fish pools of the Shojin river=85,149,1
Fig. 2.2.49 Spawning habitat for fish and amphibians of the Shojin river=85,149,1
Fig. 2.2.50 Amphibian rearing habitat of the Shojin river=86,150,1
Fig. 2.2.51 Adult and chicks of Anas platyrhynchos at the Shojin river=86,150,1
Fig. 2.2.52 Fish ladder across the Mozari river=88,152,1
Fig. 2.2.53 Riparian vegetation at the restored reach of the Mozari river=88,152,1
Fig. 2.2.54 View of the Ishigari river=89,153,1
Fig. 2.2.55 View of the Ara river=89,153,1
Fig. 2.2.56 Sand bar and vegetation=94,158,1
Fig. 2.2.57 Riprap rivetment=94,158,1
Fig. 2.2.58 Panoramic view of lower San Lorenzo River=94,158,1
Fig. 2.2.59 Wildlife refuge of Arcata saltmarsh=96,160,1
Fig. 2.2.60 Emergent plants along the edge of Arcata saltmarsh=96,160,1
Fig. 2.2.61 Panoramic view of Arcata saltmarsh=96,160,1
Fig. 2.2.62 Meandering slough of Hayward marsh=98,162,1
Fig. 2.2.63 The Interpretive center of Hayward marsh=98,162,1
Fig. 2.2.64 Paoramic view of Hayward marsh=98,162,1
Fig. 2.2.65 Board work of Palo Alto wetland=100,164,1
Fig. 2.2.66 Lucy Evans Interpretive Center=100,164,1
Fig. 2.2.67 Panoramic view of Palo Alto wetland=100,164,1
Fig. 2.2.68 Aerial photo=101,165,1
Fig. 2.2.69 Interpretive activity=101,165,1
Fig. 2.2.70 Ponoramic view of Bolsa Chica=101,165,1
Fig. 2.2.71 Channel between wetland and sea=103,167,1
Fig. 2.2.72 Interpretive panel=103,167,1
Fig. 2.2.73 Ponoramec view of San Elijo Lagoon=103,167,1
Fig. 2.2.74 Nature trail=104,168,1
Fig. 2.2.75 Visitor center=104,168,1
Fig. 2.2.76 Ponoramec view of Sweetwater marsh=104,168,1
Fig. 2.2.77 Brackish water slough=106,170,1
Fig. 2.2.78 Nature trail=106,170,1
Fig. 2.2.79 Ponoramic view of Tijuana Estuary=106,170,1
Fig. 2.2.80 Concept diagram of Gap Analysis=107,171,1
Fig. 2.2.81 Protection status of Gilamonster in Utah=108,172,1
Fig. 2.2.82 Protection status of species rich area in Utah=109,173,1
Fig. 2.2.83 Forest birds and woody plants: broad-scale habitat relations in the north Maine woods=114,178,1
Fig. 2.2.84 Longtail Salamander=115,179,1
Fig. 2.2.85 Predicted distribution map of Longtail Salamander=115,179,1
Fig. 2.2.86 Wetland and riparian habitats of amphibian and reptiles=116,180,1
Fig. 2.2.87 Species richness of amphibian and reptiles=116,180,1
Fig. 2.2.88 Predicted habitat types for fish assemblage diversity in Allegheny River drainage basin of New York=119,183,1
Fig. 2.2.89 Predictions of fish assemblage diversity by habitat type in Allegheny River drainage basin of New York=119,183,1
Fig. 3.1.1 The composition and relation of research fields=125,189,1
Fig. 3.2.1 Schematic diagram of the hydrological cycle of a riparian zone (Gold and Kellogg, 1997)=130,194,1
Fig. 3.2.2 Changes in water table and edge vegetation by straightening channel (Malanson, 1993)=130,194,1
Fig. 3.2.3 Water storage and processes in BROOK90 model=132,196,1
Fig. 3.2.4 Simulated and observed soil water content by BROOK90 model=132,196,1
Fig. 3.2.5 The basic equilibria that govern ammonia loss from soil=134,198,1
Fig. 3.2.6 Conceptual diagram of nitrogen prcesses=138,202,1
Fig. 3.2.7 Model diafram by STELLA simulation language=140,204,1
Fig. 3.4.1 Diversity of suspension-feeding modes in running water (Allan 1995).=148,212,1
Fig. 3.4.2 Monthly change in the total density and species richness in selected taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates in different sites in the Hakyeoul(Yangjae stream) from April 1996 to February 1998=152,216,1
Fig. 3.4.3 Total density, species richness, diversity and evenness in selected taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates in the Hakyeoul(Yangjae stream) from April 1996 to March 1998=153,217,1
Fig. 3.4.4 Substrate composition JHA, JHE and JHI of Hokyeoul station in Yangjae Stream from September 1996 to August 1997.=156,220,1
Fig. 3.4.5 Community changes in selected taxa at JHA, JHE and JHI of Hokyeoul station in Yangjae Stream in September 1996 to August 1997.=157,221,1
Fig. 3.5.1 Comparison of average selected limnological parameters in the Hakyeul of the Yangjae stream=166,230,1
Fig. 3.5.2 Comparison of yearly average of periphyton biomass in the Hakyeul of the Yangjae stream=172,236,1
Fig. 3.5.3 Seasonal change of periphyton biomass at the Kwacheon during the study period.=173,237,1
Fig. 3.5.4 comparison of yearly periphyton biomass in the Kwacheon=174,238,1
Fig. 3.5.5 Seasonal Change of periphyton biomass in the Woomyeon-dong=175,239,1
Fig. 3.5.6 Seasonal Change of periphyton bioamass in the Sagimak stream during the study period=177,241,1
Fig. 3.5.7 Relative abundance (%) of 3 ecological diatom groups in the Hakyeul of the Yangjae stream during the study period=179,243,1
Fig. 3.5.8 Relative abundance (%) of 3 ecological diatom groups in the Kwacheon stream during the study period=182,246,1
Fig. 3.5.9 Relative abundance (%) of 3 ecological diatom groups in the Woomyeon-dong during the study period=183,247,1
Fig. 3.5.10 Relative abundance (%) of 3 ecological diatom groups in the Sagimak stream during the study period=185,249,1
Fig. 3.5.11 Change of relative abundance (%) of 3 ecological diatom groups after substrates moved=186,250,1
Fig. 3.5.12 Change of DAIpo index and saprobic degress during the study period=189,253,1
Fig. 3.6.1 Average biomass variation of plant species before and after treatment, Hakyeoul area during study period=191,255,1
Fig. 3.6.2 Average biomass variation before and after treatment in Kwacheon=192,256,1
Fig. 3.6.3 Location map of test site=193,257,1
Fig. 3.6.4 Dendrogram of classification of vegetation at the different sites (treatment plots and nontreatment plots at the Yangjae stream and the Sagimak stream as a natural stream) during study period=194,258,1
Fig. 3.6.5 Dendrogram of classification of vegetation on the treatment plots, Hakyeoul area during study period('96~'98)=196,260,1
Fig. 3.6.6 Dendrogram of classification of vegetation on the treatment plots(before and after treatment), Kwacheon area during study period.=196,260,1
Fig. 3.6.7 Dendrogram of classification of vegetation, the Sagimak stream during '97~'98=197,261,1
Fig. 3.6.8 Dendrogram of classification of vegetation on the treatment plots, Hakyeoul area during '96=197,261,1
Fig. 3.6.9 Dendrogram of classification of vegetation on the treatment plots, Hakyeoul area during '97=197,261,1
Fig. 3.6.10 Dendrogram of classification of vegetation on the treatment plots, Hakyeoul area during '98=198,262,1
Fig. 3.6.11 Dendrogram of classification of vegetation on the treatment plots, Kwacheon area during '97=198,262,1
Fig. 3.6.12 Dendrogram of classification of vegetation on the treatment plots, Kwacheon area during '98=198,262,1
Fig. 3.6.13 Comparison of average biomass as treatment method, Hakyeoul area=200,264,1
Fig. 3.6.14 Comparison of average biomass as treatment method, at the lower stream bank of the Kwacheon site=201,265,1
Fig. 3.6.15 Comparison of average biomass as treatment method, at terrace land on the Kwacheon stream bank=202,266,1
Fig. 3.6.16 Comparison of average biomass as treatment method, at embankment on the Kwacheon stream=202,266,1
Fig. 3.6.17 Shannon diversity index of the riparian vegetation=203,267,1
Fig. 3.6.18 Average biomass at Hakyeoul area=203,267,1
Fig. 3.6.19 Shannon diversity index at Kwacheon area=204,268,1
Fig. 3.6.20 Average biomass at Kwacheon area=205,269,1
Fig. 3.7.1 Dominant bird species of the Yangjae stream, January~November, 1998.=211,275,1
Fig. 3.7.2 Monthly fluctuation of species and indeviduals around the Yangjae stream, 1998.=211,275,1
Fig. 3.7.3 Changes of major bird groups around the Yangjae stream, 1996-1998.=213,277,1
Fig. 3.7.4 Habitat use of bird community around Yangjae stream=214,278,1
Fig. 3.8.1 Four approaches in restorig biological communities and ecosystems=216,280,1
Fig. 3.8.2 Schematic diagram of vegetation distribution in river system=219,283,1
Fig. 3.8.3 Database model of riparian plant species=228,292,1
Fig. 3.8.4 Division of microsites in the river system=237,301,1
Fig. 4.1.1 Location map of three rivers for the aquatic GAP analysis=249,313,1
Fig. 4.1.2 The classified stream segment map based on the size of watershed=256,320,1
Fig. 4.1.3 Classified map of physical habitats based on the modification of stream segments=257,321,1
Fig. 4.1.4 Classified map of stream segments with the water quality criteria of US EPA=259,323,1
Fig. 4.1.5 Classified map of stream segments with the water quality criteria of Korea=259,323,1
Fig. 4.1.6 Map of fish habitat types based on the fish-habitat relationship model I=261,325,1
Fig. 4.1.7 Map of fish habitat types based on the fish-habitat relationship model II=263,327,1
Fig. 4.1.8 Prediction of fish species richness of stream segments with good water quality=264,328,1
Fig. 4.1.9 Prediction of fish species richness of stream segments with degraded water quality=265,329,1
Fig. 4.1.10 Predicted map of fish species richness with fish species-habitat relationship model I=268,332,1
Fig. 4.1.11 Predicted fish species richness of small streams with fish-habitat relationship model II=270,334,1
Fig. 4.1.12 Predicted fish species richness of mid-sized streams with fish-habitat relationship model II=271,335,1
Fig. 4.1.13 Predicted map of fish species richness with fish-habitat relationship model II=272,336,1
Fig. 4.1.14 Sample points of the Tan stream=275,339,1
Fig. 4.1.15 Sample points of the Sagimak, Chojong, and Sudong streams=275,339,1
Fig. 4.1.16 Predicted distribution map of Liobagrus andersonii with model I=285,349,1
Fig. 4.1.17 Predicted distribution map of Liobagrus andersonii with model II=285,349,1
Fig. 4.1.18 Predicted distribution map of Microphysogobio longidorsalis with model I=285,349,1
Fig. 4.1.19 Predicted distribution map of Microphysogobio longidorsalis with model II=285,349,1
Fig. 4.1.20 Predicted distribution map of Coreoleuciscus splendidus with model I=285,349,1
Fig. 4.1.21 Predicted distribution map of Coreoleuciscus splendidus with model II=285,349,1
Fig. 5.1.1 Rating curve at the Daechi bridge=303,367,1
Fig. 5.1.2 Contour and surface maps of low flow channel in the Hakyeoul reach=303,367,1
Fig. 5.1.3 Simulation of velocity field in the Hakyeoul reach=304,368,1
Fig. 5.1.4 Contour map of bottom shear stress from the simulated velocity field=305,369,1
Fig. 5.1.5 Monthly BOD5(이미지참조) and CODcr variation of Yangjae stream(Hakyeoul site)=308,372,1
Fig. 5.1.6 Monthly T-N and T-P variation of Yangjae stream(Hakyoul site)=309,373,1
Fig. 5.1.7 Monthly SS and DO variation of Yangjae stream(Hakyoul site)=309,373,1
Fig. 5.1.8 Seasonal BOD5(이미지참조) and CODcr variation of Yangjae stream(Hakyoul site)=310,374,1
Fig. 5.1.9 Seasonal T-N and T-P variation of Yangjae stream(Hakyoul site)=311,375,1
Fig. 5.1.10 Seasonal SS and DO variation of Yangjae stream(Hakyoul site)=311,375,1
Fig. 5.1.11 Comparision of river water criteria and BOD5(이미지참조) concentration of Yangjae stream(Hakyoul site)=312,376,1
Fig. 5.1.12 Comparision of river water criteria and DO concentration of Yangjae stream(Hakyoul site)=313,377,1
Fig. 5.1.13 Comparision of river water criteria and SS concentration of Yangjae stream(Hakyoul site)=313,377,1
Fig. 5.1.14 Location map of sampling sites in the Yangjae stream=314,378,1
Fig. 5.1.15 The Field measuring of soil respiration rate with EGM2 and soil thermometer=315,379,1
Fig. 5.1.16 Longitudinal variations of soil respiration rate of riparian soils in the Yangjae Stream=315,379,1
Fig. 5.1.17 Longitudinal variations of riparian soil properties such as (a) temperature, (b) water content, (c) organic matter content, (d) TKN and (e) pH and (f) ambient CO2(이미지참조) in the Yangjae Stream=317,381,1
Fig. 5.1.18 Comparison between measured and estimated soil respiration rate in the Yangjae stream.=319,383,1
Fig. 5.1.19 Temporal variation of soil texture at Hakyeoul=319,383,1
Fig. 5.1.20 Temporal variation of organic matter content and water content at Hakyeoul site=320,384,1
Fig. 5.1.21 Transverse variation in respiration, temperature, and water content at Hakyeoul in July (■-open space)=321,385,1
Fig. 5.1.22 Map of the study area in Hakyeoul in the Yangjae stream=327,391,1
Fig. 5.1.23 Total densities and number of species in selected taxa in benthic macroinvertebrates in Hakyeoul (Yangjae stream) from April 1996 to March 1998=328,392,1
Fig. 5.1.24-a Change in the total density and species richness in selected taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates in the Hakyoul(Yangjae stream) from April 1996 to March 1998.=329,393,1
Fig. 5.1.24-b Monthly change in the total density and species richness in selected taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates in the Hakyeoul(Yangjae stream) from April 1996 to March 1998=329,393,1
Fig. 5.1.25 Monthly change in the total density and species richness in selected taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates in the Hakyeoul(Yangjae stream) from April 1996 to March 1998=333,397,1
Fig. 5.1.26 Co-structure between relative abundance of macroinvertebrates and environmental variables. A. Position of the environmental variables of the F1*F2 co-inertia plane. B. Position of the community taxa of the F1*F2 co-inertia plane.=334,398,1
Fig. 5.1.27 Co-structure between relative abundance of macroinvertebrates and environmental variables. A. Position of the study sites on the F1*F2 plane, using environmental variable co-inertia weights. B. Position of the study sites, using taxa co-inertia weights=335,399,1
Fig. 5.1.28 Change of DAIpo index and saprobic degrees during the study period=341,405,1
Fig. 5.1.29 Dominat species of Hakyeul site, January~November, 1998=347,411,1
Fig. 5.1.30 Monthly fluctuation of species and individuals around Hakyeul site, 1998=347,411,1
Fig. 5.1.31 Change of bird groups around Hakyeul site, 1996-1998=347,411,1
Fig. 5.1.32 Plan view of Hakyeoul test reach of the Yangjae stream=349,413,1
Fig. 5.1.33 Test site before construction=349,413,1
Fig. 5.1.34 Test reach A after construction=349,413,1
Fig. 5.1.35 Test reach B after construction=350,414,1
Fig. 5.1.36 Test reach C after construction=350,414,1
Fig. 5.1.37 Seocho and kwacheon test sites of the Yangjae stream=351,415,1
Fig. 5.1.38 Community changes in selected taxa at JHA, JHE and JHI of Hakyeoul station in Yangjae Stream in September 1996 to August 1997=356,420,1
Fig. 5.1.39 Downstream of the Yangjae stream at Youngdong 1st bridge after flood('98. 8)=364,428,1
Fig. 5.1.40 Downstream of the Yangjae stream at Youngdong 3rd bridge after flood('98. 8)=365,429,1
Fig. 5.1.41 Test Reach C before construction('95. 10)=366,430,1
Fig. 5.1.42 Test Reach C after construction('96. 2)=367,431,1
Fig. 5.1.43 Test Reach C ('98. 9)=367,431,1
Fig. 5.1.44 Test Reach A before construction ('95. 10)=368,432,1
Fig. 5.1.45 Test Reach A ('98. 9)=368,432,1
Fig. 5.2.1 Cross section for the measurement of flow velocity=373,437,1
Fig. 5.2.2 Rating Curve for the Boorim Bridge=378,442,1
Fig. 5.2.3 Velocity vector field in the Kwacheon reach=380,444,1
Fig. 5.2.4 The deepest bed level in the Kwacheon reach=381,445,1
Fig. 5.2.5 Selection of sections for evaluating flood level=383,447,1
Fig. 5.2.6 Comparison of flood levels before and after construction without vegetation=385,449,1
Fig. 5.2.7 Comparison of flood levels before and after construction with vegetation=385,449,1
Fig. 5.2.8 Monthly BOD5(이미지참조) and CODcr variation of Yangjae stream(Kwacheon site)=390,454,1
Fig. 5.2.9 Monthly T-N and T-P variation of Yangjae stream(Kwacheon site)=390,454,1
Fig. 5.2.10 Monthly SS and DO variation of Yangjae stream(Kwacheon site)=391,455,1
Fig. 5.2.11 Hourly BOD5(이미지참조), CODcr, T-N, T-P variation of Yangjae stream(April)=393,457,1
Fig. 5.2.12 Hourly DO, pH, Color, SS, Turbidity variation of Yangjae stream(April)=393,457,1
Fig. 5.2.13 Hourly BOD5(이미지참조), CODcr, T-N, T-P variation of Yangjae stream(July)=393,457,1
Fig. 5.2.14 Hourly DO, pH, Color, SS, Turbidity variation of Yangjae stream(July)=394,458,1
Fig. 5.2.15 Seasonal BOD5(이미지참조) and CODcr variation of Yangjae stream(Kwacheong site)=395,459,1
Fig. 5.2.16 Seasonal T-N and T-P variation of Yangjae stream(Kwacheong site)=396,460,1
Fig. 5.2.17 Seasonal SS and DO variation of Yangjae stream(Kwacheong site)=396,460,1
Fig. 5.2.18 Comparision of river water criteria and BOD5(이미지참조) concentration of yangjae stream=397,461,1
Fig. 5.2.19 Comparision of river water criteria and DO concentration of Yangjae stream=398,462,1
Fig. 5.2.20 Comparision of river water criteria and SS concentration of Yangjae stream=398,462,1
Fig. 5.2.21 Correlationship BOD5(이미지참조) and SS at the Yangjae stream(Kwacheon site)=399,463,1
Fig. 5.2.22 Correlationship SS and Turbidity at the Yangjae stream(Kwacheon site)=399,463,1
Fig. 5.2.23 Correlationship BOD5(이미지참조) and Turbidity at the Yangjae stream(Kwacheon site)=400,464,1
Fig. 5.2.24 Transverse vareation in respiration, temperature, and water content in Kwacheon site=401,465,1
Fig. 5.2.25 Oraganec content and water content on (a) both sides and (b) temporal variation in Kwacheon site=402,466,1
Fig. 5.2.26 Community changes in selected taxa at JGA in Kwacheon site=405,469,1
Fig. 5.2.27 Community changes in selected taxa at JGB in Kwacheon site=405,469,1
Fig. 5.2.28 Dominant bird species of the kwacheon site, Jan.~Nov., 1998=424,488,1
Fig. 5.2.29 Monthly fluctuation of bird species and individuals around the Kwacheon site, 1998=425,489,1
Fig. 5.2.30 Plan View of Yangjae stream=427,491,1
Fig. 5.2.31 Plan View of Yangjae stream(after flood)=438,502,1
Fig. 5.3.1 Cross Section at the Woomyeon bridge (Yangjae Stream)=441,505,1
Fig. 5.3.2 Measurements of stages and discharges at the Woomyeon bridge=442,506,1
Fig. 5.3.3 Monthly BOD5(이미지참조) and CODcr vareation of Yangjae stream(Seocho site)=445,509,1
Fig. 5.3.4 Monthly T-N and T-P variation of Yangjae stream(Seocho site)=445,509,1
Fig. 5.3.5 Monthly SS and DO variatio of Yangjae stream(Seocho site)=446,510,1
Fig. 5.3.6 Seasonal BOD5(이미지참조) and CODcr variation of Yangjae stream(Seocho site)=448,512,1
Fig. 5.3.7 Seasonal T-N and T-P variation of Yangjae stream(Seocho site)=448,512,1
Fig. 5.3.8 Seasonal SS and DO variation of Yangjae stream(Seocho site)=449,513,1
Fig. 5.3.9 Comparision of river water criteria and BOD5(이미지참조) concentration of Yangjae stream=449,513,1
Fig. 5.3.10 Comparision of river water criteria and DO concentration of Yangjae stream=450,514,1
Fig. 5.3.11 Comparision of river water criteria and SS concentration of Yangjae stream=450,514,1
Fig. 5.3.12 Transverse variation in respiration, temperature, and water content at Seocho site=451,515,1
Fig. 5.3.13 Variation of organic matter and water content of five major plant species=452,516,1
Fig. 5.3.14 Temporal variations of soil organic content and water content at Seocho site=453,517,1
Fig. 5.3.15 Dominant bird species from the Umyunkyo bridge to the Moojigae bridge, January~November, 1998.=468,532,1
Fig. 5.3.16 Monthly fluctuation of bird species and individuals around the Umyunkyo bridge to the Moojigae bridge of the Yangjae stream, 1998=469,533,1
Fig. 5.3.17 Satellite image of the Seocho site=472,536,1
Fig. 5.3.18 RCS Map 1=476,540,1
Fig. 5.3.19 RCS Map 2=477,541,1
Fig. 5.3.20 RCS Map 3=478,542,1
Fig. 5.4.1 Monthly BOD5(이미지참조) and CODcr vareation of Sungnae stream=481,545,1
Fig. 5.4.2 Monthly T-N and T-P variation of Sungnae stream=481,545,1
Fig. 5.4.3 Monthly SS and DO variation of Sungnae stream=482,546,1
Fig. 5.4.4 Seasonal BOD5(이미지참조) and CODcr variation of Sungnae stream=483,547,1
Fig. 5.4.5 Seasonal T-N and T-P variation of Sungnae stream=483,547,1
Fig. 5.4.6 Seasonal SS and DO variation of Sungnae stream=484,548,1
Fig. 5.4.7 Comparision of river water criteria and BOD5(이미지참조) concentration of Sungnae stream=485,549,1
Fig. 5.4.8 Comparision of river water criteria and DO concentration of Sungnae stream=485,549,1
Fig. 5.4.9 Comparision of river water criteria and SS concentration of Sungnae stream=486,550,1
Fig. 5.4.10 Construction site of Sungnae stream=493,557,1
Fig. 5.4.11 Sungnae test site before construction=493,557,1
Fig. 5.4.12 Bank of Sungnae stream=494,558,1
Fig. 5.5.1 Site map of the Sagimak Stream watershed=499,563,1
Fig. 5.5.2 Thalweg profile near the Byockkye bridge in the Sagimak Stream= 501,565,1
Fig. 5.5.3 Runoffs for 100-year rainfall in the Sagimak stream=504,568,1
Fig. 5.5.4 Runoff hydrographs of tributaries in the Sagimak stream=506,570,1
Fig. 5.5.5 Runoff hydrographs at junctions in the Sagimak stream=507,571,1
Fig. 5.5.6 Runoff hydrographs at watershed outlet in the Sagimak stream=507,571,1
Fig. 5.5.7 Measurements of stage and discharge at the Mumyong I bridge=509,573,1
Fig. 5.5.8 Monthly BOD5(이미지참조) and CODcr variation of Sakimak stream=514,578,1
Fig. 5.5.9 Monthly T-N and T-P variation of Sakimak stream=515,579,1
Fig. 5.5.10 Monthly SS and DO variation of Sakimak stream=515,579,1
Fig. 5.5.11 Seasonal BOD5(이미지참조) and CODcr variation of Sakimak stream=516,580,1
Fig. 5.5.12 Seasonal T-N and T-P variation of Sakimak stream=516,580,1
Fig. 5.5.13 Seasonal SS and DO variation of Sakimak stream=517,581,1
Fig. 5.5.14 Comparision of river water criteria and BOD5(이미지참조) concentration of Sakimak stream=518,582,1
Fig. 5.5.15 Comparision of river water criteria and DO concentration of Sakimak stream=518,582,1
Fig. 5.5.16 Comparision of river water criteria and SS concentration of Sakimak stream=518,582,1
Fig. 5.5.17 Study site in the Sagimak stream=520,584,1
Fig. 5.5.18 Longitudinal variations of soil respiration rate of riparian soils in the Sagimak Stream=521,585,1
Fig. 5.5.19 Longitudinal variations of riparian soil properties such as (a) temperature, (b) water content, (c) organic matter content, (d) TKN and (e) pH and (f) ambient CO2 in the Sagimak Stream=522,586,1
Fig. 5.5.20 Comparison between measured and estimated soil respiration rate in the Sagimak stream=525,589,1
Fig. 5.5.21 Community changes in selected taxa at SGE in Sagimak stream=532,596,1
Fig. 5.5.22 Community changes in selected taxa at SGM in Sagimak stream=532,596,1
Fig. 5.5.23 Biomass distribution of Phragmites japonica based on the distance from the edge of the Sagimak stream=537,601,1
Fig. 5.5.24 Dominant bird species of the Sakimak stream, 1998=542,606,1
Fig. 5.5.25 Seasonal fluctuation of bird species and individuals around the Sakimak stream, 1998=543,607,1
[표제지 등]=0,1,2
목차=liii,57,7
제VI장 자연형 하천공법의 검토=1,64,2
1절 생태통로 조성 기법=3,66,1
1. 개요=3,66,9
2. 각 생물종의 이동특성=12,75,17
2절 식생이 하천에 미치는 수리학적 영향 검토=29,92,1
1. 복단면 흐름의 특성에 관한 검토=29,92,2
2. 복단면 하도 흐름에 관한 계산모형 연구=30,93,41
3. 식생이 흐름저항에 미치는 영향에 관한 검토=71,134,10
4. 식생의 제방 침식 방지효과 검토=80,143,51
제VII장 자연형 하천공법의 개발 및 적용=131,194,2
1절 비오톱 및 습지 조성기법 개발=133,196,1
1. 깃대종 선정=133,196,6
2. 깃대종 서식지 및 피난처 환경 조성방안=139,202,16
3. 하천 습지 조성 지침=155,218,10
2절 자연형 수질정화기법 개발=165,228,1
1. 서론=165,228,14
2. 하천정화공법의 정화 Mechanism=179,242,8
3. Lab. and Pilot Plant 실험결과 종합비교=186,249,5
4. Demo Plant 설계 및 시공=191,254,6
5. 설계 및 유지관리 Guideline(안)=196,259,10
3절 자연형 여울과 소 조성기법 개발=206,269,1
1. 여울과 소의 조성 목적=206,269,3
2. 자연형 여울과 소의 설계=208,271,4
3. V자 여울(날개수제)=212,275,1
4. 적용 공법의 개발=213,276,2
4절 자연형 저수로 호안 공법의 개발=215,278,1
1. 서론=215,278,2
2. 구체적 공법의 개발=216,279,7
5절 기타 적용 공법의 개발=223,286,1
1. 자연형 수제=223,286,4
2. 고수부지 및 제방의 설계=227,290,2
6절 개발된 공법의 수리적 안전성 검토=229,292,5
7절 시험시공=234,297,1
1. 시험하천의 선정=234,297,15
2. 시험구간의 현황=249,312,3
3. 자연형 하천계획=251,314,5
4. 시험시공 시방서=256,319,8
5. 시험시공=264,327,9
제VIII장 자연형 하천공법 지침서 시안=273,336,2
1절 지침서의 목적=275,338,2
2절 하천정비 관련법규=277,340,1
1. 건교부의 하천법=277,340,4
2. 행자부의 소하천정비법=281,344,2
3. 환경부의 하천관련법=283,346,1
3절 자연하천의 특성=284,347,1
1. 하천의 물리적 특성=284,347,4
2. 하천의 화학적 특성=287,350,3
3. 하천의 종단특성=289,352,3
4. 하천의 횡단특성=292,355,5
4절 자연형 하천설계의 기초=297,360,1
1. 하천의 분류=297,360,2
2. 생태적 측면을 고려한 설계와 유지관리=298,361,4
3. 재료의 종류=301,364,11
4. 수리계산방법=311,374,10
5. 하천의 종단설계=320,383,7
6. 하천의 횡단설계=326,389,8
5절 자연형 하천설계의 절차=334,397,1
1. 설계의 목적설정=334,397,2
2. 현황조사와 자료수집=335,398,5
3. 현황조사와 자료에 대한 분석 및 평가=340,403,4
4. 대안제시=343,406,3
5. 대안에 대한 종합평가 및 선택=345,408,3
6. 기본설계=347,410,3
6절 하천유형별 설계사례=349,412,1
1. 평지형 소하천=349,412,2
2. 산지형 소하천=350,413,5
3. 평지형 중하천=354,417,4
4. 산지형 중하천=357,420,4
7절 자연형 하천의 유지관리계획=361,424,1
1. 유지관리의 목적 및 범위=361,424,1
2. 유지관리계획=361,424,4
제IX장 결론=365,428,2
1절 요약 및 결론=367,430,3
2절 연구개발목표 달성도 및 대외기여도=369,432,3
3절 연구개발결과의 활용계획=371,434,4
제X장 참고문헌=375,438,36
제XI장 부록=0,474,1
부록A. Lab 및 Pilot Plant 실험결과 요약=A-1,475,41
부록B. 하천식생의 식물자원 목록=B-1,516,37
부록C. 양재천 서초구 구간 설계도=C-1,553,15
부록D. 비오톱 모식도=D-1,568,15
SUMMARY=viii,12,6
LIST OF FIGURES=xxxi,35,29
ChapterVI. Review on techniques of close-to-nature stream restoration=1,64,2
Section1. Techniques for the construction of Eco-corridors=3,66,1
1. Introduction=3,66,9
2. Mobile characteristics of species=12,75,17
Section2. Investigation of hydraulic effects of vegetation on stream=29,92,1
1. Investigation of flow characteristics in the compound channel=29,92,2
2. Studies on computational model in the compound channel=30,93,41
3. Hydraulic effects of vegetation on stream=71,134,10
4. Bank scouring resistant effect of vegetation=80,143,51
ChapterVII. Development and Application of close-to-nature river improvement techniques=131,194,2
Section1. Techniques for the construction of Biotope and Wetland=133,196,1
1. Selection of flagship-species=133,196,6
2. Construction techniques of habitat and shelter for flagship species=139,202,16
3. Guidelines for the construction of riverine wetland=155,218,10
Section2. Stream water quality improvement system=165,228,1
1. Introduction=165,228,14
2. Purification Mechanism=179,242,8
3. Result of Lab. and pilot Plant=186,249,5
4. Design and construction of demo plant=191,254,6
5. Guideline for design and management=196,259,10
Section3. CTNRIT for pool and riffle=206,269,1
1. Purpose of building pool and riffle=206,269,3
2. Design of pool and riffle=208,271,4
3. Wing deflector=212,275,1
4. Development of CTNRIT for pool and riffle=213,276,2
Section4. CTNRIT for low flow bank=215,278,1
1. Introduction=215,278,2
2. Design of CTNRIT for low flow bank=216,279,7
Section5. CTNRIT for dike, flood plain and high flow bank=223,286,1
1. Close-To-Nature type dike=223,286,4
2. CTNRIT for flood plain and high flow bank=227,290,2
Section6. Hydraulic stability check for developed CTNRIT=229,292,5
Section7. Construction for test of CTNRIT=234,297,1
1. Selection of test reach=234,297,15
2. Environment of test reach=249,312,3
3. Close-To-Nature stream improvement plan=251,314,5
4. Specification of Construction=256,319,8
5. Construction for test=264,327,9
ChapterVIII Design Guideline(a draft) for CTNRIT=273,336,2
Section1. Purpose of the Guideline=275,338,2
Section2. Laws related to stream improvement=277,340,1
1. Stream law=277,340,4
2. Small scale stream law=281,344,2
3. Laws related to Environment=283,346,1
Section3. Characteristics of natural stream=284,347,1
1. Physical characteristics=284,347,4
2. Chemical characteristics=287,350,3
3. Longitudinal characteristics=289,352,3
4. Cross sectional characteristics=292,355,5
Section4. Fundamentals of Close-To-Nature stream design=297,360,1
1. Classification of stream=297,360,2
2. Design and management considering eco-system=298,361,4
3. Kinds of material=301,364,11
4. Computation of hydraulic stability=311,374,10
5. Longitudinal design=320,383,7
6. Cross sectional design=326,389,8
Section5. Procedures of the design=334,397,1
1. Establishing purpose of plan=334,397,2
2. Investigation and data collection=335,398,5
3. Analysis and assessment=340,403,4
4. Presentation of alternatives=343,406,3
5. Determination final design=345,408,3
6. Fundamental Design=347,410,3
Section6. Design examples according to stream types=349,412,1
1. Small scale stream with gentle slope=349,412,2
2. Small scale stream with steep slope=350,413,5
3. Mid scale stream with gentle slope=354,417,4
4. Mid scale stream with steep slope=357,420,4
Section7. Management plan=361,424,1
1. Purpose and extent of management=361,424,1
2. Plan for Management=361,424,4
ChapterIX. Conclusion=365,428,2
Section1. Summary and Conclusion=367,430,3
Section2. Extent of achievement and contribution=369,432,3
Section3. Plan for application=371,434,4
ChapterX. References=375,438,36
ChapterXI. Appendices=0,474,1
AppendixA. Results of lab and pilot plant experiment=A-1,475,41
AppendixB. Lists of plant resources in stream=B-1,516,37
AppendixC. Design drawings of Kwacheon test reach=C-1,553,15
AppendixD. Drafts of biotope=D-1,568,15
Table6.1.1 Functions of corridor=5,68,1
Table6.1.2 Swimming speed of major migrating fish species of the Han River=15,78,1
Table6.2.1 Maximum amount of increase in stage and decrease in mean velocity for various Manning's n for overbank flow=40,103,1
Table6.2.2 Coefficients for Newton-Raphson Iterations=50,113,1
Table6.2.3 Description of the test problem=56,119,1
Table6.2.4 Average energy slope for the reach(10-3)(이미지참조)=68,131,1
Table6.2.5 Stiffness for various grasses(Kouwen and Li,1980)=72,135,4
Table6.2.6 Manning's n for various bed material (no vegetation)=77,140,2
Table6.2.7 Multiplication factor for various channel conditions=78,141,1
Table6.2.8 Values of Kw for various channel conditions=81,144,1
Table6.2.9 Summary of properties that influence or relate to the stability of cohesive materials(Grissinger, 1982)=89,152,2
Table6.2.10 Maximum allowable velocities in vegetated channels for different soil and slope conditions(after Gregory and McCarty, 1986)=97,160,1
Table6.2.11 Effect of on reach 13 from Hey and Thorne(1986) (Millar and Quick,1993)=114,177,1
Table6.2.12 Characteristics of study sites(Shields et al., 1995)=118,181,1
Table6.2.13 Tests of vegetation for three different cases(Shields et al.,1995)=119,182,1
Table6.2.14 Hydrologic and hydraulic characteristics of the four study stream reaches(Beeson and Doyle, 1995)=127,190,1
Table6.2.15 Description of pre- and post- 1990 flood aerial photography for the four study streams(Beeson and Doyle, 1995)=127,190,1
Table6.2.16 Summary of erosion occurrences on bends classified according to degree of vegetation (Beeson and Doyle, 1995)=128,191,1
Table6.2.17 Summary of major erosion occurrences on bends classified according to degree of vegetation(Beeson and Doyle, 1995)=128,191,1
Table7.1.1 Water quality classes and biological indicator species=134,197,1
Table7.1.2 Flagship-species selection criteria and fish habitat in urban streams=136,199,1
Table7.1.3 Steps of fauna restoration planning=139,202,1
Table7.1.4 Aquatic habitat types and suitable fish lists=141,204,1
Table7.1.5 Life cycles and habitat movement of Salientia(Amphibians)=144,207,1
Table7.1.6 Habitat and spawing sites of Salientia in Korea=145,208,1
Table7.1.7 Introduced and expected plant species for three aquatic habitat types=147,210,1
Table7.1.8 Introduced plant species at the artificial riparian wetland=148,211,1
Table7.1.9 Functions of riparian wetland plant species=148,211,1
Table7.1.10 Factors related to the degradation of wetlands=156,219,1
Table7.1.11 Contents of wetland revetment technique=164,227,1
Table7.2.1 Classification of river purification method=168,231,1
Table7.2.2 Raw water quality and treatment efficient of RPF=174,237,1
Table7.2.3 Application statics of river purification facility in Korea=177,240,1
Table7.2.4 Application statics of river purification facility in Japan=178,241,1
Table7.2.5 Construction and maintenance cost of river punification facility in japan=178,241,1
Table7.2.6 Comparison of Inf. and Eff. concentration by the difference of media(RPF of upflow style)=188,251,1
Table7.2.7 Comparison of Inf. and Eff. concentration by the difference of media(RPF of horizontal flow style)=189,252,1
Table7.2.8 Comparison of removal rate by the difference of media(RPF of upflow style)=190,253,1
Table7.2.9 Comparison of removal rate by the difference of media(RPF of horizontal flow style)=190,253,1
Table7.2.10 Design Parameter of Demo Plant(Yangjae Stream)=191,254,1
Table7.2.11 Specification of upflow river purification facility=195,258,1
Table7.2.12 Construction cost of upflow river purification facility=195,258,1
Table7.2.13 Specification decision of RPF=202,265,1
Table7.4.1 Types of revetment techniques for the test site=217,280,1
Table7.6.1 Results of Hec-Ras for Yangjae stream=230,293,1
Table7.7.1 Appraisement of investigated streams=248,311,1
Table7.7.2 Discharges of Yangjae stream=250,313,1
Table8.4.1 Classification of river stream=297,360,1
Table8.4.2 Manning/Strickler's=312,375,2
Table8.4.3 αvalues reflecting bed conditions=314,377,1
Table8.4.4 Resisting objects' diameter according to bed structure and bed condition=318,381,1
Fig.6.1.1 Three types of corridors in terms of dispersion between patches=6,69,1
Fig.6.1.2 Two shapes of corridor=7,70,1
Fig.6.1.3 Corridors for species movement=10,73,1
Fig.6.1.4 Functions of stepping stone corridors=11,74,1
Fig.6.1.5 Weir at the mouth of the Tan stream==12,75,1
Fig.6.1.6 Cross section of the weir at the mouth of the Tan stream=13,76,1
Fig.6.1.7 Map of the mouth of the Tan stream=13,76,1
Fig.6.1.8 Fish ladder combined with rip-rap type(left), ice harbor type(center), water way(right)=16,79,1
Fig.6.1.9 Plan of the combined fish ladder==16,79,1
Fig.6.1.10 Section of the combined fish ladder=16,79,1
Fig.6.1.11 Lower part of the combined fish ladder=17,80,1
Fig.6.1.12 Upper part of the combined fish ladder=18,81,1
Fig.6.1.13 Artificial river channel type fish ladder=19,82,1
Fig.6.1.14 Close-up of the artificial river channel type of fish ladder=19,82,1
Fig.6.1.15 Cross section of the artificial river channel type of fish ladder=19,82,1
Fig.6.1.16 Lower part of the artificial river channel type of fish ladder=20,83,1
Fig.6.1.17 Upper part of the artificial river channel type of fish ladder=20,83,1
Fig.6.1.18 An example of fish ladder with cobble stone in Hokkaido, Japan=21,84,1
Fig.6.1.19 Plan of gentle fish ladder with cobble stones=22,85,1
Fig.6.1.20 Profile of gentle fish ladder with cobble stones=22,85,1
Fig.6.1.21 Cross section of gentle fish ladder with cobble stones=22,85,1
Fig.6.1.22 Plan of 1m high fish ladder with cobble stones=23,86,1
Fig.6.1.23 Method of protecting habitat=25,88,1
Fig.6.1.24 Method of protecting birds=26,89,1
Fig.6.1.25 Road crossing structure=28,91,1
Fig.6.1.26 Habitat of amphibia=28,91,1
Fig.6.2.1 Water surface profile for various Manning's n=36,99,1
Fig.6.2.2 Mean velocity for left overbank flow=37,100,1
Fig.6.2.3 Mean velocity for right overbank flow=38,101,1
Fig.6.2.4 Mean velocity for main overbank flow=39,102,1
Fig.6.2.5 Schematic representation of the model=41,104,1
Fig.6.2.6 Arrangement of node groups=53,116,1
Fig.6.2.7 Schematic representation of the test problem=57,120,1
Fig.6.2.8 Computational network for the test problem=58,121,1
Fig.6.2.9 Variation of the water surface elevation=60,123,1
Fig.6.2.10 Variation of the discharge=61,124,1
Fig.6.2.11 Stage distribution for main channel and overbank flows=62,125,2
Fig.6.2.12 Comparison of water surface profiles computed by HEC-2 and the unsteady network model=65,128,2
Fig.6.2.13 Mean velocity for various n for overbank flow=67,130,1
Fig.6.2.14 Energy slope computed for various n=69,132,2
Fig.6.2.15 Forces on a particle at the surface of a submerged non-cohesive bank(Thorne, 1982)=87,150,1
Fig.6.2.16 Channel cross section and definition sketch(Ikeda and Izumi, 1990)=98,161,1
Fig.6.2.17 Normalized bank profile parameterized by dimensionless vegetation density(Ikeda and Izumi, 1990)=101,164,1
Fig.6.2.18 The aspect ratio of the bank profile, as a function of (Ikeda and Izumi, 1990)=102,165,1
Fig.6.2.19 as a function of and (Ikeda and Izumi, 1990)=103,166,1
Fig.6.2.20 Test of the theory by the data of Andrews(1984) with : (a) channel center depth; (b) channel width (Ikeda and Izumi, 1990)=105,168,1
Fig.6.2.21 Test of the theory by the data of Charlton et al.(1978) with : (a) channel center depth; (b) channel width (Ikeda and Izumi, 1990)=106,169,1
Fig.6.2.22 Test of the theory by the data of Andrews(1984) with : (a) channel center depth; (b) channel width (Ikeda and Izumi, 1990)=107,170,1
Fig.6.2.23 Test of the theory by the data of Charlton et al.(1978) with : (a) channel center depth; (b) channel width (Ikeda and Izumi, 1990)=108,171,1
Fig.6.2.24 Sensitivity analysis of bank stability parameters(Miller and Quick, 1993)=111,174,1
Fig.6.2.25 Comparison of modeled versus observed channel geometries for (Miller and Quick, 1993)=112,175,1
Fig.6.2.26 Comparison of modeled versus observed channel geometries using mean values of (Miller and Quick, 1993)=115,178,2
Fig.6.2.27 Location of study sites(Shields et al., 1995)=117,180,1
Fig.6.2.28 Stone toe protection design used at VT2 and VT3 (Shields et al., 1995)=121,184,1
Fig.6.2.29 Typical cross section(simplified) of design involving vegetation, bank, shaping, and structure(Shields et al., 1995)=121,184,1
Fig.6.2.30 Location map of the four study streams in southern B.C(Beeson and Doyle, 1995)=126,189,1
Fig.7.1.1 Motacilla alba leucopsis=138,201,1
Fig.7.1.2 Ardea cinerea=138,201,1
Fig.7.1.3 Cross section of salientian biotope=149,212,1
Fig.7.1.4 Salientian biotope=149,212,1
Fig.7.1.5 Artificial island for water fowl=151,214,1
Fig.7.1.6 Compared views showing the distruction of bird habitat by the construction of bike road=152,215,1
Fig.7.1.7 Artificial pond for bird habitat=154,217,1
Fig.7.2.1 Schematic representation for advanced purification capacity=179,242,1
Fig.7.2.2 Sludge sedimentation type by the distance=183,246,1
Fig.7.2.3 Sludge sedimentation Model=186,249,1
Fig.7.2.4 Schematic representation of upflow=196,259,1
Fig.7.2.5 Detail configuration of Reactor=196,259,1
Fig.7.3.1 Pool and riffle structure of straight and meandering rivers(Newbury R. and Gaboury M., 1997)=206,269,1
Fig.7.3.2 Profile and plan of pool and riffle(Newbury R. and Gaboury M., 1997)=209,272,1
Fig.7.3.3 Rock riffles in the straight channel(Outlette Creek, 16years later after construction)=210,273,1
Fig.7.3.4 Pool and riffles in the curved channel(Formed by groyne installation)=211,274,1
Fig.7.3.5 A wing deflector(www.sda.gov/stream_restoration)=212,275,1
Fig.7.3.6 V-type riffle(cross section)=213,276,1
Fig.7.3.7 V-type riffle(plan view)=213,276,1
Fig.7.3.8 The stepping-stone type riffle(cross section)=214,277,1
Fig.7.4.1 Gabion revetment=218,281,1
Fig.7.4.2 Crushed stone-Gabion revetment=219,282,1
Fig.7.4.3 Willow brush mat revetment=219,282,1
Fig.7.4.4 Green bag-gabion revetment=220,283,1
Fig.7.4.5 Soil-stone covering revetment=221,284,1
Fig.7.4.6 Stone-Willow brush roll revetment=222,285,1
Fig.7.4.7 Crushed stone-Stepping stone revetment=222,285,1
Fig.7.5.1 Velocity Mangitude(F=0.01)=223,286,1
Fig.7.5.2 Velocity Vector(F=0.01)=224,287,1
Fig.7.5.3 Velocity Mangitude(F=0.1)=224,287,1
Fig.7.5.4 Velocity Vector(F=0.1)=225,288,1
Fig.7.5.5 Side view of stone groyne=226,289,1
Fig.7.5.6 Plan view of stone groyne=226,289,1
Fig.7.5.7 Stone type block=227,290,1
Fig.7.5.8 Example of stone type block=228,291,1
Fig.7.5.9 Circular block=228,291,1
Fig.7.5.10 Example of circular block=228,291,1
Fig.7.6.1 Water Surface Elevation of Yangjae stream=231,294,1
Fig.7.7.1 Jungrang stream on Uijungbu city=236,299,1
Fig.7.7.2 Bank of Jungrang stream=236,299,1
Fig.7.7.3 Uyi stream at Uyi bridge=237,300,1
Fig.7.7.4 Stream improvement construction of Uyi stream=238,301,1
Fig.7.7.5 Suwon stream at Hwaheummun=239,302,1
Fig.7.7.6 Suwon stream downstream of Hwaheummun=239,302,1
Fig.7.7.7 Wonchunri stream=240,303,1
Fig.7.7.8 sungnae stream at 7th sungnae bridge=242,305,1
Fig.7.7.9 Sungnae stream downstream of Wireisung road=242,305,1
Fig.7.7.10 Sungnae stream in the Olympic apartment=243,306,1
Fig.7.7.11 Yangjae stream in Seochogu=244,307,1
Fig.7.7.12 Bank of Yangjae stream in Seochogu=244,307,1
Fig.7.7.13 Levee of Yangjae stream in Seochogu=245,308,1
Fig.7.7.14 Tan stream=245,308,1
Fig.7.7.15 Bank of Tan stream=246,309,1
Fig.7.7.16 Left bank of Chunggye stream upstream of confluency site=247,310,1
Fig.7.7.17 Right bank of Chunggye stream upstream of confluency site=247,310,1
Fig.7.7.18 Site map of pilot site=249,312,1
Fig.7.7.19 Seocho test reach before construction=250,313,1
Fig.7.7.20 Low bank of Seocho test reach before construction=251,314,1
Fig.7.7.21 Definition sketch of meander geometry=254,317,1
Fig.7.7.22 The plan of Seocho test site=255,318,1
Fig.7.7.23 Perspective view of test reach under construction(September, 1998)=264,327,1
Fig.7.7.24 Construction of riprap revetment=265,328,1
Fig.7.7.25 Construction of off-line biotope=265,328,1
Fig.7.7.26 Planting of vegetation=266,329,1
Fig.7.7.27 Construction of willow brush mat revetment=266,329,1
Fig.7.7.28 Excavation for water purification system=267,330,1
Fig.7.7.29 Filling of water purification system with pebbles=267,330,1
Fig.7.7.30 The inside of water purification system=268,331,1
Fig.7.7.31 Covering of water purification system=268,331,1
Fig.7.7.32 Willow brush mat revetment after construction=269,332,1
Fig.7.7.33 Construction of stone dike=269,332,1
Fig.7.7.34 Green bag and gabion type revetment=270,333,1
Fig.7.7.35 Construction of stone bar=270,333,1
Fig.7.7.36 Construction of stone groynes=271,334,1
Fig.7.7.37 Construction of crushed stone and stepping stone revetment=271,334,1
Fig.8.3.1 Deadwater zone=286,349,1
Fig.8.3.2 Longitudinal characteristics of the river=291,354,1
Fig.8.3.3 Water stage duration curve and water zone types(Bittmann, 1965)=292,355,1
Fig.8.3.4 Potamogeton oxyphyllus(말), Left=293,356,1
Fig.8.3.5 Hydrilla verticillata(검정말), Right=293,356,1
Fig.8.3.6 Caltha palustris(동의나물)=294,357,1
Fig.8.3.7 Phragmites australia(구:Communis Trins, 갈대)=294,357,1
Fig.8.3.8 Typha latifolia(부들), Left=295,358,1
Fig.8.3.9 Sparganium erectum(흑삼릉), Right=295,358,1
Fig.8.3.10 Hardwood zone=295,358,1
Fig.8.3.11 Softwood zone=296,359,1
Fig.8.4.1 Poured stones(돌붓기)=302,365,1
Fig.8.4.2 Putting stones(돌놓기)=303,366,1
Fig.8.4.3 Laid stones(돌쌓기)=304,367,1
Fig.8.4.4 A branch fascine(원통형 잔나무가지 묶음)=305,368,1
Fig.8.4.5 A weaving brench fence(엮은 나무 울타리)=306,369,1
Fig.8.4.6 Brush mat(잔나무가지 덮기)=306,369,1
Fig.8.4.7 Effect of groynes(수제의 효과)=323,386,1
Fig.8.4.8 Stone groynes(돌수제)=324,387,1
Fig.8.4.9 Mild slope drop structure(경사낙차공)=325,388,1
Fig.8.4.10 River bed settling basin=326,389,1
Fig.8.4.11 River bed protection technique(하상보호공법)=329,392,1
Fig.8.4.12 Fascines and poured stones(섶단과 돌놓기)=330,393,1
Fig.8.4.13 Gabion(돌망태)=330,393,1
Fig.8.4.14 Poured stones and willow cuttage(돌붓기 및 버드나무가지 꽂기)=331,394,1
Fig.8.4.15 Gabion and willow cuttage=331,394,1
Fig.8.4.16 Coir roll and emergent plants=332,395,1
Fig.8.4.17 Willow branch fascine=332,395,1
Fig.8.4.18 Shrubs planting=333,396,1
Fig.8.4.19 High water bank protection technique using green block=333,396,1
Fig.8.5.1 Channel change history=337,400,1
Fig.8.5.2 Materials and conditions of river revetment=338,401,1
Fig.8.5.3 Phytosocialogical vegetation community=339,402,1
Fig.8.5.4 Stream naturalness 2=341,404,1
Fig.8.5.5 Stream naturalness 3=341,404,1
Fig.8.5.6 Stream naturalness 4=342,405,1
Fig.8.5.7 Stream naturalness 5=342,405,1
Fig.8.5.8 Stream naturalness 6=342,405,1
Fig.8.5.9 Example of Stream naturalness estimation=343,406,1
Fig.8.5.10 The design alternative 1 for channel:Restoration of original channel=344,407,1
Fig.8.5.11 The design alternative 2 for channel:Making a curved channel=344,407,1
Fig.8.5.12 The design alternative 3 for channel:Making a curved channel by flow resisting large stones=345,408,1
Fig.8.6.1 The plan of the suji stream=352,415,1
Fig.8.6.2 Low flow channel of section A-A'=352,415,1
Fig.8.6.3 Low flow channel of section B-B'=352,415,1
Fig.8.6.4 Dragonfly pond(section C-C')=352,415,1
Fig.8.6.5 The detail drawing of a groyne=353,416,1
Fig.8.6.6 Cross section of mild slope drop structure=353,416,1
Fig.8.6.7 The detail drawing of a green block=353,416,1
Fig.8.6.8 Cross section of high water bank=354,417,1
Fig.8.6.9 Design reach of the Nieplitz stream=356,419,1
Fig.8.6.10 Design cross section of Niepliz stream=356,419,1
Fig.8.6.11 Planting pattern=357,420,1
Fig.8.6.12 Design reach of the Elz stream=358,421,1
Fig.8.6.13 Design cross section of the Elz stream=358,421,1
Fig.8.6.14 The Elz stream before construction(1956)=359,422,1
Fig.8.6.15 The Elz stream under construction(1957)=359,422,1
Fig.8.6.16 The Elz stream after construction(1958)=360,423,1
Fig.8.6.17 The Elz stream after 20 years since construction(1978)=360,423,1