표제지
세미나 주제 및 추진일정
목차
1. Generation and analysis of random insertion mutants of B. abortus using transposon / 차승빈 5
Jumping genes 7
Insertion sequences 7
Transposable elements 8
Transposable element의 분류 8
Transposable Elements in Bacteria 8
Insertion sequences(IS) 8
The insertion sequences (IS) transposable elements, ISt 9
Bacterial IS elements 9
Insertion sequences(IS) 9
Integrations of IS elements may : 9
Transposon 10
Structure of the composite transposon Tn10 10
Structure of the noncomposite transposon Tn3 10
Bacterial Transposons 10
2 type of mechanisms 11
왜 하는가? 11
장점 11
예시 (with B.abortus) 12
EZ-Tn5 Transposon에서 selection marker 삽입 12
Genetic transformation 12
생산된 mutant들이 genomic DNA를 추출하여 transposon내 삽입한 rKan gene을 PCR을 통하여 확인 13
Screening methods 13
Macrophage (RAW 264.7) 침입능 13
유전자 분석 14
Sequencing : Inversion PCR 14
Sequencing : Restriction site PCR 14
Surface protein 분석 15
Membrane proteins 2D analysis 16
2. Development of attenuated bacterial vaccines and its application / 강호영 17
Mortality caused by infectious agents 19
가축질병 분류 현황 -가축전염병예방법령 및 국제수역사무국(OIE)- 19
Travel of Salmonella 19
Salmonella pathogenesis and induction of immune responses 20
It is therefore necessary to understand 20
Virulence factors 20
Salmonella genome 20
GJ (Gene Jackie) 21
There are multiple means to genetically attenuate Salmonella strains 21
Important attributes of a live attenuated bacterial vaccine 21
Attenuated Salmonella vaccines 21
Inexpensive Salmonella vaccine 22
Live attenuated Salmonella vaccine 22
New generation of Salmonella vaccine 22
Antigen delivery by attenuated Salmonella vaccines 22
Biochemical pathway for the synthesis of DAP and lysine in procaryotes 23
asd Gene Based "Balanced-Lethal Host-Vector" System 23
Examples of antigen delivery 23
Asd+ vector(이미지참조) 23
Antigen delivery strategies 24
Plasmid system to secrete overexpressed antigen 24
Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) 24
Recombinant PspA (rPspA) 24
Subcellular localization of expressed rPspA 25
Immune responses induced by Salmonella vaccines expressing rPspA antigen (secreted vs. non secreted) 25
Serum IgG responses to S. typhimurium LPS and SOMPs and to rPspA 25
SlgA (Vaginal wash) to the foreign antigen rPspA as well as LPS and OMP 25
Protection against challenge with virulent S. pneumoniae WU2 strain 26
Immune responses with different types of attenuation 26
Improved antigen secretion system 26
Iron regulated antigen expression 26
Development of a new host strain for better antigen secretion 27
3. Q fever (큐열) 감염실태조사 / 박미연 29
Coxiella burnetii 31
1. Coxiella burnetii 31
2. Worldwide Zoonosis 31
3. Reservoirs 31
4. Transmission route 32
5. Incubation period 32
Acute 32
Chronic 33
Treatment 33
순서 33
큐열 발생 현황(2006년 4군전염병) 34
큐열 연령별, 성별 특성 34
년도별 진단의뢰 추이 34
09' 질환별 진단의뢰기관수 34
Q열 발생 사례 35
국외 35
국내 35
Incidence of Q fever 35
큐열 실험실 진단체계도 36
Transport 36
큐열 Case Definition 36
Lab diagnosis 37
Serological Diagnosis 37
Serological Cross-reaction 38
C. burnetii com-1 gene & RFLP 38
년도 큐열 감염 실태조사 39
07' 가축방역사 큐열 양성 39
문헌 40
08' 사슴농장 종사자의 큐열 항체가 분포 40
사슴농장 종사자의 라임병 항체가 분포 40
가축위생시험소 수의사 Q열 항체가 분포 및 양성자 40
공수의사 41
결론 41
1. 큐열 & 브루셀라 공통점 41
2. 도축장종사자의 예방에 대한 인식도 41
3. 가축방역사 큐열 감염 실태조사 41
4. 사슴농장 종사자의 큐열 감염 실태조사 41
5. 공수의사 및 가축위생시험소 수의사 큐열 감염 실태조사 41
6. 제언 41
인수공통감염과 GWP 41
4. Influx and efflux of antibiotics in Campylobacter jejuni / 전병화 43
Influx and Efflux of Antibiotics in Campylobacter jejuni 45
Campylobacter 45
Antibiotic Resistance in Campylobacter 45
Why does Campylobacter develop antibiotic resistance so rapidly? 45
Antibiotic Treatment of Farm Animals & Resistance Development 46
FQ-resistance Influences in vivo Fitness 46
Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms 46
Natural Transformation in C. jejuni 46
Antibiotic Resistance Spread by Natural Transformation in C. jejuni 47
Surface Polysaccharides & Antibiotic Influx in C. jejuni 47
CPS and LOS in C. jejuni 47
Determination of MIC 47
Drug Susceptibility of LOS and CPS mutants 48
Hydrophobicity of LOS and CPS mutants 48
Summary 48
Antibiotic Efflux in C. jejuni 48
Efflux Pumps & Antibiotic Resistance 49
Drug Efflux Systems in Gram-negative bacteria 49
Drug Efflux Pumps in Campylobacer 49
Cj1375 & Cj1687 49
Drug Susceptibility of Cj1375 and Cj1687 mutants 50
Overexpression of Cj1375 and Cj1687 : Strategy 50
Overexpression & Antibiotic Resistance 50
EtBr Accumulation Assays 50
Ciprofloxacin Accumulation Assays 51
Summary 51
Antisense Technology & Control of Antibiotic Resistance in C. jejuni 51
Efflux Pump Inhibitor 51
Antisense Drug 52
Peptide Nucleic Acid as an Efflux Pump Inhibitor 52
Antisense Inhibition of CmeA Synthesis : Strategy 52
Antisense Inhibition of CmeA Synthesis 52
PNA Treatment & Antibiotic Susceptibility 53
Summary 53
Acknowledgements 53
5. Campylobacter jejuni / 김종현 55
Campylobacter spp in Korea 57
Campylobacter 57
Transmission Pathways for Campylobacter Infection 57
Epidemiology 58
Laboratory reporting of selected GI pathogenes in England & Wales-1977 to 2002 58
Surveillance· in Korea 58
Antibiotic resistance(resistnace) 58
Guillain-Barre syndrome 59
Relation between infections,anti-ganglioside antibodies, and clinical course of GBS 59
Epidemiology 59
Antecedent Infections 60
Other antecedent events 60
Diagnosis criteria 60
Treatment 61
GBSs 61
Preceding infections and generation of antibodies against gangliosides in GBS 61
Classification of GBS and major anti-ganglioside antibodies 61
C. jejuni Carbohydrate Mimicry 62
Incidence rates of GBS in Korea 62
Sex-specific incidence of GBS classified by province 62
Age-specific incidence of GBS from three prospective population-based(baseed) surveys 62
Age-specific incidence rates of GBS in average Korea as compared with Jeju 63
Serodiagnosis 63
H. pylori absorption 63
Serodiagnosis case 64
Pathomechanism hypothesis 64
Siglecs 64
Temperature-Regulated Proteins (Sec pathway) 64
Temperature-Regulated Proteins 65
Expression profiles in response to a temperature change from 37 to 42℃ 65
Intracellular proteins of C. jeJuni NCTC11168 Incubated at 37℃, 42℃ 65
Identification 66
Expression of SecA 66
Reverse transcription PCR 66
Gram-negative protein secretion 67
Sec dependent secretion 67
Scheme of general protein secretion pathway 67
Sec and Tat translocase(trnaslocase) 67
SecA regulation 68
Periplasmic chaperon 68
Periplasmic peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase involved in Campylobader jejuni 68
Extracellular proteins 68
6. Bacteriocins of Enterococci / Yausyoshi Ike 71
Bacteriocin 73
Soft agar assay for the bacteriocin activity 73
Bacteriocin isolated from E. faecalis or E. faecium clinical isolate 73
The best-defined bacteriocin from enterococci 74
1) β-Hemolysin / Bacteriocin (Cytolysin) 74
2) Bacteriocin 21 76
3) Bacteriocin 31 79
Bacteriocin of Enterococcus faecium 80
Reported Bacteriocins of E. faecium 81
There has been no report of bacteriocin of E. faecium clinical isolates 81
E. faecalis Bacteriocin and the Spectrum 81
Bacteriocin 32 (Bac32) 81
Bacteriocin Producing VRE Clinical Isolates 82
Plasmid DNA Isolated from VRE200 (EcoRI-digested) 82
Physical Map of pTl1 82
Deduced ORFs, and Clones of pTl1 82
Tn5 Insertion Mutagenesis 83
Cloning around ORF14 and 15 Region 83
Genetic structure of deduced amino acid sequence of Bac32 determinant 83
Genetic structure of Bac 32 determinant and construction of BacA-Hic. tag 83
Purification of Bac 32 (BacA-His tag) 84
N-terminal amino acid sequence of BacA-His 84
Genetic structure of Bac 32. determinant 84
Intracellular ATP in E hirae ATCC9790 culture containing Bac 32 (BacA-His protein) 86
Intracellular ATP in E hirae ATCC9790 culture containing Bac 32 (BacA-His protein) in relative scale 86
Hydrophilicity /Hydrophobicity Plot of BacA protein 86
Model of target cell killing and immunity for lactococcin A 86
Bac32-type bacteriocin are frequently identified in E. faecium clinical isolates 87
I. Detection of bacA by PCR 87
II. Detection of pTl1-like Plasmid by Southern Hybridization 87
III. Genomic DNA(s) from VRE Isolates Harboring pTl1-like Plasmid 87
Bacteriocin 32 of vancomycin sensitive Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates 88
Fifty six E. faecium isolates examined for Bac32 by PCR analysis 88
Bacteriocin of Enterococcus faecium from healthy students. 88
E. faecalis Bacteriocin and the Spectrum 88
Bacteriocin 41 (Bac41) and Bac41 type bacteriocin 89
Bacteriocin 41 plasmid pYl14 (Pheromone responsive plasmid) 89
Physical maps of 161 kb region containing Bac41 detenninant, transposon insertions, and subclones 89
Extracellar complementation analysis of bacteriocin 41 activity 89
Extracellular Complementation of Non Bacteriocinogenic Mutants of L+A- and L-A+(이미지참조) 90
Genetic Organization of Bac41 Operon 90
DNA sequence analysis of Bac41 bacL₁ 90
Functional Domain of Bac41 bacL₁ protein 90
Sequence analysis of Bac41 bacA 91
Diversity of Bac 41-type Bacteriocin determinants and those frequency among Bac 41-type bacteriocins 91
Bacteriocin 41 is common bacteriocin in E. taecalis 91
Acknowledgement 91
7. 소에서 브루셀라균의 분리 및 특성 / 김성국 93
서론 95
브루셀라 검사 및 균분리 95
PCR에 의한 동정 95
원인체 96
특성 96
감염경로 96
검사방법 96
실험개요 97
재료 및 방법 97
공시재료 97
선택배지 97
생화학 성상검사 98
항균제 감수성 시험 98
항체역가 검사 98
종합효소연쇄반응법(PCR) 98
PFGE 98
MLVA 99
결과 100
API 20E kit 103
II. Development of Real-time PCR 107
고찰 및 결론 109
균뷴리 실험 109
혈액에서 균 분리 110
균의 동정 및 형별 110
항균제 감수성 결과 110
8. Study on Genetic variation of indigenous pig breeds in Vietnam / Nyugyen Thi Dien Thuy 111
Part 1. Microsatellite analysis 113
Microsateliites-MS 113
Mutation and variability of MS 114
Applications of MS 114
Advantages of using MS 114
Parameters Measured 115
Genetic diversity studies based on microsateliites in livestock 115
Diversity studies of the pig using MS 115
Overview of work programme 116
Animal materials 116
Map of locations for collecting samples 116
Panel of microsatellites 116
Fragment Length Analysis of the Microsatellite loci 117
2. Number of different alleles found per locus and pig population 117
Most common alleles (MCA) and range· of allele size (RAS) [bp] within genetic group 118
Heterozygosity and genetic equilibrium of loci within genetic groups 119
Matrix of genetic distances according to Nei(1972) standard distance 119
UPGMA phylogenetic tree for 11 pig populations 119
UPGMA phylogenetic tree of 11 pig populations 120
Summary for part 1: 120
Part 2. Candidate gene analysts in Pig 120
Interested Traits 121
9. 장알균의 주요 항생제 내성 현황 및 내성기전 / 이영선 123
Enterococci/Vancomycin resistant Enterococci 125
Vancomycin genotypes/phenptypes 125
균혈증 및 요로감염의 원인균 분포 125
균혈증/요로감염 내성현황 및 비교 126
2009 25개 종합병원 자료(6개월, 3-8월) 126
E. faecium에서 반코마이신 내성률 126
Prevalence of VRE isolated from animals and humans in 2003 126
Molecular epidemiologic techniques 127
Method of gene transfer 127
Transopson Tn1546 from E.faecium BM4147 127
PFGE patterns of VRE clinical isolates 127
PFGE patterns of VRE from poultry 128
Diversity of vanA cluster of Tn1546-like 128
Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) 129
MLST of vanA type E. faecium poultry isolates 129
Neighboring joining tree of the VRE isolates from human and poultry 130
VRSA 감염증환자의 임상적 특성(미국) 130
미국에서 분리된 VRSA의 실험실적 특성('02-07) 130
vanA genotype-VSE/VanB/vanD phenotype 131
VanB/VanD phenotype-vanA genotype 131
vanA type-vancomycin susceptible enterococci(VSE) 131
Streptogramin A/B의 특성 및 내성기전 132
Streptogramin A/B의 내성 기작 132
Prevalence of Q-D-resistant E. faeciun isolates by sources between 2000 and 2005. 132
Distribution of known vat genes in Q-D-resistant E. faecium isolates 132
Conserved sequences in vat genes 133
Structure of vgaD and vatG from E. faecium JS79 133
Streptogramin A acetyltransferase 133
Distribution of vatD, vatE, vatG, and ermB genes 133
Summary 134
10. Emerging pathogenic M. abscessus / 신성재 135
Emerging pathogenic M. abscessus 137
Mycobacterial Pathogenomics Lab (MPL) 137
General Charateristics 137
Slow-growing Mycobacteria 138
Mycobacterium abscessus : a new player in the mycobacteria field 138
Emerging pathogenic Mycobacteria : Mycobacterium abscessus 138
NTM(Nontuberculus Mycobacteria) 138
Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) Stain Mycobacteria : M. tuberculosis+NTM 139
도말양성, 배앙양성 검체에서 NTM의 분리비율 139
도말 양성 환자에서 폐결핵과 NTM 폐질환의 빈도 139
NTM의 증가 요인? 139
Classification of Human Disease due to NTM 140
National NTM Disease Incidence Surveys 141
NTM Species Identified in KIT (Korea) 141
Pathogens of NTM Lung Disease in Korea 141
NTM 폐질환 : Upper Lobe Cavitary Form 141
48세 남성 : M. avium Disease 142
NTM 폐질환 : Nodular Bronchiectatic Form 142
57세 여성 : M. intracellulare Disease 142
Macrolide-Containing Regimens in Treatment of MAC Lung Disease 142
1. High virulent clinical isolates of Mycobacterium abscessus from patients with the upper lobe fibrocavitary from of pulmonary disease 143
Further questions? 145
Special Acknowledgments 145
11. Brucella abortus 인체 분리주 VNTR 분석 / 박상희 147
연구 목적 149
연구 배경 149
연구 방법 150
연구 결과 및 결론 151
연구 진행 중 154
12. Tuberculosis Situation and Introduction of the Korean Institute of Tuberculosis / 김희진 157
한국의 결핵 실태 159
환자 구분 (I) 159
환자 구분 (II) 159
Tuberculosis Preνalence in Korea 160
Prevalence of TB Infection by survey year, under 30 yrs of age 160
Estimate of prevalence of TB infection and average ARI among children aged 7.5 160
Incidence rate 160
Korean TB Surveillance System (KTBS) 161
Comparison of notification between public and private sector 161
Proportion of public and private sector 161
Notified new cases by sex 161
Notification rate(/105) of new cases(이미지참조) 162
Median age of new cases 162
Notification rate by age 162
성별연령별 신고 현황(2007) 162
폐외 결핵(2007) 163
Trend of primary drug resistance rate among new patients from the public health centers 163
Trend of primary drug resistance 163
Trend of acquired drug resistance rate among retreated patients from the public health centers 163
연간 결핵 사망률(/105)(이미지참조) 164
Cases with both TB & HIV 164
결핵연구원 소개 164
결핵연구원 조직 체계 164
기능과 역할 165
국가결핵관리사업 지원, 교육 훈련 165
결핵균 중앙 검사소 165
연구 조사 165
임상 진료 166
균주 자원은행 & DNA Data Bank Center 166
국제 협력 166
결핵연구원 연구개발분야 소개 166
2009년 연구 과제 166
2010 연구 현황 167
결핵관련 연구개발사업에서의 결핵연구원의 역할 167
13. Prevalence and genetic analysis of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes among clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in a Korean Hospital / Migma Doriji Tamang 169
Introduction 171
Purpose of this study 172
Materials and Methods 172
(1) Bacterial strains 172
(2) Detection of qnr genes & subtyping by PCR-RFLP 172
(3) Characterization of ESBL, pACBL, & 16S rRNA methylase genes 172
(4) Transferability of qnr determinants 173
(5) Antimicroblal susceptibility testing 173
(6) Inc/replicon typing of qnr positive transconjugants. 173
(7) Plasmid preparation and Southern hybridization 173
(8) Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis 174
(9) PCR mapping of a plasmid region carrying armA, qnrB4, and blaDHA-1(이미지참조) 174
Result 175
Prevalence and transferability of qnr genes among them 175
Distribution of bla ESBL/pACBL and armA genes among clinical Ent. isolates 175
Comparison of rate of resistance of qnr-positive & negative isolates 176
Antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical Enterobacteriaceae carrying qnr genes 176
Distribution of bla ESBL/pACBL and armA genes among transconjugants 176
CLUSTAL W alignment of deduced aa sequences of novel qnrB variants 176
Isolation and Southern blots of qnrB carrying plasmids 177
Xbsl-PFGE patterns of qnrB4-positive K. pneumonise isolates 177
Dendogram showing duster analysis of Xbal-PFGE patterns of K. peumoniae 177
PCR mapping of plasmid region carrying qnrB. DHA-1 and armA 177
Nucleotiede Sequence of plasmid region between qnrB and armA 178
Nucleotiede sequence accession numbers 178
CONCLUSION 178
SUMMARY 178
14. Q fever:epidemiology and pathogenesis / 김두 181
Q-fever 183
Introduction 183
Bacteriology 183
Coxiella burnetii 183
Epidemiology 184
Host distribution 184
Geographic distribution 184
Transmission 184
Pathogenesis 185
Immune response to C burnetii 186
Q-fever in human 186
Q-fever in animal 186
Laboratory diagnosis 187
Isolation of C bumetii 187
Staining 187
Serological tests 187
PCR assays 187
Control 187
Prevention 187
Treatment 187
Vaccination 187
큐열에 대한 국내의 연구 188
Human 188
Animals 188
소와 개에서의 큐열 분포상황조사 및 분리균주의 특성 규명 188
15. Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori / 정규식 189
INTRODUCTION 191
Differential regulation of ERK 1/2 and p38 MAP kinase in VacA-induced apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells 191
The effect of VacA on defense system via MAP kinase signaling pathway 192
VacA structure 192
VacA expression vector 193
Comparison of rVacA (m 1type) with native version 193
Production of anti-VacA antibody 193
Vacuolation and apoptosis by rVacA 193
Cytotoxicity of various VacA type 194
Effects of various H. pylori strains on expression of pERK, SOD1 or villin in AGS cells 194
Time course of protein expression in response to toxic VacA+-HSE(이미지참조) 194
rVacA-induced apoptosis as protein expression in AGS cells in a time-dependent manner 194
rVacA induced Bax dimerization resulting in apoptosis 195
Association of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK with SOD1 and villin in VacA-induced apoptosis 195
Localization of villin in contractile actin ring of dividing cells 195
Differential regulation of rVacA-induced SOD-1 and apoptosis via ERK and p38 195
Differential regulation of rVacA and H₂O₂-induced apoptosis via ERK and p38 196
Regulation of VacA-induced SOD and villin via MAPK 196
Conclusions 196
Potent Neutralization of Vacuolating Cytotoxin (VacA) of Helicobacter pylori by Immunoglobulins Against the Soluble Recombinant VacA 196
Effect of Anti-VacA Egg Yolk Immunoglobulin (IgY) on Helicobacter pylori Infected Mice 197
CONCLUSION 199
Helicobacter pylori promotes hepatic tbrosis in the animal model 201
Histological changes in the livers 201
alpha-SMA expression 202
TGF-beta expression 202
SMP30 expression 202
Identification of H.pylori infection by IHC with anti-H.pylori antibody 203
Histopathological findings of H.pylori infected livers-an increase in binucleated hepatocytes 203
Histopathological findings of H.pylori-infected livers-increases in glycogen depletion and lipid droplets in hepatocytes 203
Conclusions 204
Hellcobacrer pylori accelerates hepatic fibrosis by sensitizing transforming growth factor-beta1-Induced inflammatory signalling 204
H.pylori infection increases serum TNF-alpha 204
MAP kinase signaling 205
mRNA expression of inflammatory and pro-fibrotic factors 205
Anti-oxidant protein expression 205
p53 signaling 205
H.pylori lysates increases inflammatory signaling in cultured HSC under co-existence of TGF-ß1, which resembles the way H₂O₂ does 206
TGF-ß1 induces ERK-mediated HSCs activation, which is augmented by H.pylori 206
H. pylori infection increases AFP-positive hepatocytes independently of CCl₄ treatment 206
Conclusions 206
16. Impacts of antimicrobial growth promoter termination in Denmark / 임숙경 207
Antimicrobial use in livestock 209
Antibiotics mechanisms for AGP 209
Feed additive antimicrobials in Japan : 25 antimicrobials 210
Feed additive antimicrobials in U.S. : 70 antimicrobials 210
Feed additive antimicrobials in New Zealand : 6 antimicrobials 210
Feed addltive antimicrobials in Korea : 18 antimicrobials 211
Early warnings and actions 211
U.S. reaction 211
PAMTA (The Preservation of antibiotics of medical I treatment act) 211
Banning of Feed additive antimicrobials in Korea 212
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION 212
Chronology of events in Denmark 212
Impact of the termination of antimicrobial growth promoters on usage of antimicrobials 213
ADD(Animal daily dose) 213
Impact of the termination of antimicrobial growth promoters on usage of antimicrobials : Therapeutic use 213
Impact of the termination of antimicrobial growth promoters on usage of antimicrobials 214
Experience of EU-Denmark 214
Experience of EU-Norway 214
Experience of EU-Sweden 214
Experience in other countries 215
Consumption of antimicrobials in Denmark 215
Impact of the termination of antimicrobial growth promoters on antimicrobial resistance - E. faecium from broiler 215
Recent data-Resistance of E. faecium from broiler 215
Impact of the termination of antimicrobial growth promoters on antimicrobial resistance - E. faecium from pigs 216
Recent data 216
Impact of the termination of antimicrobial growth promoters on human health - Resistance 216
Impact of the termination of antimicrobial growth promoters on human health -other than resistance 217
Impact of the termination of antimicrobial growth promoters on animal health (morbidity) and welfare- swine 217
Impact of the termination of antimicrobial growth promoters on animal health (morbidity) and welfare- broiler 217
Impact of the termination of antimicrobial growth promoters on animal production (swine and poultry) 218
Economic impacts of the termination of antimicrobial growth promoters in Denmark 218
Conclusion(Conculsion) and recommendations 218
Application to other countries 219
Attempts to manage effects of termination of antimicrobial growth promoters in Denmark 219
17. Mycoplasmosis in cattle / 남향미 221
Mycoplasma 에 대한 개요 223
마이코플라스마의 일반적 특징 223
Mycoplasma spp.와 바이러스와의 차이 224
Mycoplasma spp. 의 세균과의 차이 224
History 224
소 질병에서의 마이코플라스마 225
M. bovis 225
발생률 225
Mycoplasma 폐렴 226
소 마이코플라스마 폐렴 226
마이코플라스마 폐렴 226
Mycoplasma 관절염 228
마이코플라스마 관절염 228
기타 증상 229
육우에서의 Mycoplasma 치료 및 예방 229
육우의 마이코플라스마 감염증 치료 230
육우에서의 마이코플라스마 치료 230
육우에서의 마이코플라스마 예방 230
젖소에서의 Mycoplasma 231
젖소에서의 마이코플라스마 231
젖소에서의 마이코플라스마 유방염 231
젖소에서의 마이코플라스마 232
마이코플라스마 유방염 232
젖소에서의 마이코플라스마 유방염 233
18. Virulence factors of Brucella and their pathogenic mechanism in MΦ / 허문 237
General Pathogenesis 239
Brucella entry 239
Virulence 239
Virulence Factors of Brucella 240
LPS biosynthesis 240
LPS structure 240
LPS functions 240
Entry and early survival stages 241
LPS medlated entry in MΦ 241
SR-A receptor 241
Lipid-rafts 241
SR-A and lipld rafts 242
"Stealthy Strategy" 242
A immun-modulator 242
Fusion inhibition 242
Function-virB Type IV system 243
virB Type IV secretion system 243
Intracellular rescue of virB sys. 243
Main Reference 243
19. Zoonotic Bartonellae / 김지연 245
1. Introduction 247
2. Factors of emergence of zoonotic Bartonellae 248
1. Advanced diagnostic tools and methods 248
2. Weakening of the host immune system associated with the emergence of immunocompromising diseases. 248
3. Co-infection by several infectious agents 248
4. Increased outdoor activity, poverty and low income 248
3. Bacteriological features 248
1. The genus Bartonellae 〈Scientific classification of bacteria〉 248
2. Characteristics of Bartonellae 248
3. Isolation of Bartonellae 249
4. Epidemiological features 249
1. Zoonotic Bartonellae wilh a feline or canine reservoir 249
2. Rodent-borne zoonotic Bartonellae 250
5. Clinical features 251
2. Cats 251
3. Dogs 252
6. Diagnosis 252
Diagnosis-serology 252
Diagnosis-molecular methods 252
7. Treatment 252
8. Prevention 253
20. Differental diagnosis of bovine brucellosis using specific antigens / John MaGiven 255
Presentation Overview 257
Project background & objectives 257
Brucellosis 257
Classical Serology 258
Contemporary Serologv 258
False Positive Seroloaical Reactions (FPSRs) 258
Summary of conventional tests 258
Brucella smooth (s) LPS Structure 259
Experimental infections 259
Smooth LPS iELISA 259
Experimental infections FPSRs 259
False Positive Seroloaical Reactions 260
Seroloav (iELISA) with non-sLPS antigens 260
Example results of non-sLPS assavs 261
Increasing analytical sensitivity 261
Increasing specificity 261
Improved iELISA method 261
Recombinant BP26 261
Recombinant BP26: troubleshooting 262
Experimental infections 262
Rouah LPS 262
rLPS Production 263
rLPS ELISA 263
Porcine Brucellosis : sLPS iELISA vs rLPS iELISA 263
Bovine Experimental infections 263
Porcine: BP26 iELISA vs Brucellergene iELISA 264
Schematic structure of Brucella O-chain 264
Porcine Brucellosis: 16M OPS iELISA vsYeO:9 OPS iELISA 264
Porcine Brucellosis: 16M OPS / YeO:9 OPS (iELISA) 264
Results: sLPS iELISA vs rLPS iELISA 265
Results: Ratio 16M/YeO:9 vs rLPS iELISA 265
Results: Ratio 16M / YeO:9 Bovines 265
BioDot 265
96 well Array plate 266
Quansys 266
Antigen preparation 266
Standard Singleplex method for BioDot 267
Multiplex method for BioDot 267
'Multiplex' 384 well plate 267
Next steps 268
Medium term 268
Review of VLA Objectives 268
21. Control program for paratuberculosis in Japan. / Kazuhiro Yoshihara 269
Players for Livestock Hygiene in Japan 271
Number of dairy cattle in eight regions of Japan (2008) 271
Number of beef cattle in eight regions of Japan (2008) 272
Number of dairy and beef cattle in eight regions of Japan (2008) 272
Johne's Disease (paratuberculosis) 272
Spreading of the disease into Johne's disease free-farm 272
The number of cattle diagnosed with Johne's disease in each year (1973-2009) 273
Surveillance 273
Preventive measures after detection of positive cattle 273
Measures to prevent disease from spreading 274
1. Test 274
2. Voluntary culling 274
An example of positive cattle until cleared. 274
Number of Johne's disease cattle and positive farms in each prefecture (2007) 274
Double positive rates between diagnosis test and alternative tests 275
Ministerial Ordinance on Milk and Milk products Concerning Compositlonal Standards, etc. Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare 276
Inspection Method 276
Screening test 276
The number of cattle diagnosed with Johne's disease in each year (1973-2009) 276
Conclusion 277
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH) 277
Research Station of National Institute of Animal Health 278
Abstract of purification of MAP DNA from fecal samples 278
22. 주요세균성 장내질환 발생현황 / 박미선 281
관련 법정전염병 발생 현황 283
집단식중독의 원인병원체 283
한국과 일본의 식중독 원인규명율 283
바이러스 기생충 및 화학물질에 의한 식중독 검사항목(감사항목) 개선 284
세균성 식중독 검사항목 개선 284
검체종류별 원인병원체 규명률 284
표준검사항목 실시여부 284
Enternet Korea - 대상 병원체별 유행양상 285
원인병원체별 연중 발생 경황 285
최근 5년간 국내 살모넬라 발생현황 285
Salmonella serovars(10 Year) 285
유럽연합 살모넬라 식중독의 원인식품 (2005) 286
Prevalence of Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- 286
Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:-의 국내 분리 사례 286
미국내 Salmonella Enteritidis에 의한 집단 발생 287
Salmonella균의 항생제 내성 현황 (2000-2007) 288
Carbapenem 289
Carbapenem 내성률 290
Carbapenemase 290
Carbapenemase producers 290
Global dissemination of NDM-1 gene 290
NDM-1 producing bacteria 291
NDM-1 surrounding structure 291
Treatment 291
Rapid spreading of NDM-1 291
PulseNet Korea 292
PN international 292
PulseNet Korea-구성 292
PulseNet Korea - PFGE DB 293
Salmonella PulseNet DB 293
집단 유행 사전 방지 293
PNAP forum 293
Salmonella spp. 관련 PulseNet 운영사례 294
펄스넷 기반 확대 구축 294
국내 분리 S. sonnel의 MLVA 시험법 정립 및 분석 결과 295
23. Raveled or unraveled things in swine Mycoplasma / 한태욱 297
Characteristics of Mycoplasma 299
Mycoplasma in animals 299
Swine Mycoplasma 300
Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex 300
Virulence factors 300
Adherence 301
P97 adhesin 301
Ciliostasis 301
High and low virulent M. hyopneumniae 302
Virulence dose not correlate with adherence 302
Recent observation for clarifying virulent M. hyopneumoniae 302
Different responses between high- and low- virulent M. hyopneumoniae 302
Antigenic (genetic) heterogenicity 303
Inactivated vaccine 303
Mechanism of protection for M. hyopneumoniae 304
Cell mediated immunity (CMI) 304
Effects of vaccination on CMI 304
Effect of vaccination on HI 305
Vaccination strategy 305
Early VS Late vaccination 305
One VS two shot vaccination 305
Sow vaccination 306
Factors influencing efficacy of vaccination 306
Protein variability 306
Interference of efficacy of vaccine by maternal antibodies 306
New vaccine under experiment 307
Low virulent Mhp does not protect highly virulent Mhp 307
MycopLasma hyorhins (Mhr): Another challenge 307
Is M. hyorhinis the primary respiratory pathogens in PRDC? 307
Relationship of M. hyorhinis associated PMWS 308
Lesson from avian Mycoplasmas 308
New detection methods by multiplex PCR 308
Sensitivity of mPCR 308
Prevalence of Mhp and Mhr in slaughtered pigs with lung lesions 309
Homework for better vaccine 309
24. Single step에 의한 Brucella species 동정 /강성일 311
연구배경 313
감염경로 313
Animal brucellosis 세계적 현황 313
Human brucellosis 세계적 현황 314
Brucellosis 국내현황 314
진단 분석법 314
유전학적 분석 315
Multiplex-PCR 315
B. canis specific gene location 316
B. microti specific gene location 316
판권기 318