영문목차
1. Introduction=1
1-1. An Economic Story of the Labor Market=2
1-2. The Actors in the Labor Market=3
1-3. Why Do We Need a Theory?=7
1-4. The Organization of the Book=11
Summary=11
Key Concepts=12
Review Questions=12
Appendix: An Introduction to Regression Analysis=12
2. Labor Supply=20
2-1. Measuring the Labor Force=21
2-2. Basic Facts About Labor Supply=23
2-3. The Worker's Preferences=25
2-4. The Budget Constraint=31
2-5. The Hours-of-Work Decision=33
Theory at Work: Dollars and Dreams=40
2-6. To Work or Not to Work?=40
Theory at Work: Winning the LOTTO Will Change Your Life=43
2-7. The Labor Supply Curve=44
2-8. Estimates of the Labor Supply Elasticity=46
Theory at Work: The Laffer Curve=50
2-9. Labor Supply of Women=51
2-10. Policy Application: Welfare Programs and Work Incentives=55
2-11. Policy Application: The Earned Income Tax Credit=60
Summary=65
Key Concepts=66
Review Questions=66
Problems=67
3. Topics in Labor Supply=69
3-1. Labor Supply over the Life Cycle=70
3-2. Labor Supply over the Business Cycle=76
3-3. Retirement=78
3-4. Policy Application: The Decline in Work Attachment Among Older Workers=82
Theory at Work: The Notch Babies=84
3-5. Household Production=87
3-6. Fertility=94
Theory at Work: Poor Relief and Fertility=98
Summary=100
Key Concepts=101
Review Questions=101
Problems=101
4. Labor Demand=103
4-1. The Production Function=104
4-2. The Employment Decision in the Short Run=107
4-3. The Employment Decision in the Long Run=114
4-4. The Long-Run Demand Curve for Labor=119
4-5. The Elasticity of Substitution=125
Theory at Work: California's Overtime Regulations and Labor Demand=126
4-6. Policy Application: Affirmative Action and Production Costs=128
4-7. Marshall's Rules of Derived Demand=131
4-8. Factor Demand with Many Inputs=134
4-9. Overview of Labor Market Equilibrium=136
4-10. Policy Application: The Employment Effects of Minimum Wages=138
Theory at Work: The Minimum Wage and Puerto Rico=148
4-11. Adjustment Costs and Labor Demand=149
Summary=155
Key Concepts=156
Review Questions=156
Problems=157
5. Labor Market Equilibrium=159
5-1. Equilibrium in a Single Competitive Labor Market=160
5-2. Competitive Equilibrium Across Labor Markets=161
Theory at Work: The Intifadah and Palestinian Wages=161
5-3. Policy Application: Payroll Taxes and Subsidies=166
5-4. Policy Application: Immigration=172
Theory at Work: The Clinton Health Care Program=173
5-5. The Cobweb Model=182
5-6. Noncompetitive Labor Markets: Monopsony=185
5-7. Noncompetitive Labor Markets: Monopoly=193
5-8. Wages and Employment in the Public Sector=196
Summary=198
Key Concepts=199
Review Questions=199
Problems=199
6. Compensating Wage Differentials=201
6-1. The Market for Risky Jobs=202
Theory at Work: Why Do Public Interest Lawyers Earn Less?=208
6-2. The Hedonic Wage Function=209
6-3. Policy Application: How Much Is a Life Worth?=213
6-4. Policy Application: Safety and Health Regulations=216
Theory at Work: Workers' Compensation May Be Hazardous to Your Health=218
6-5. Compensating Differentials and Job Amenities=219
Summary=223
Key Concepts=224
Review Questions=224
Problems=225
7. Human Capital=226
7-1. Education in the Labor Market: Some Stylized Facts=227
7-2. Present Value=228
7-3. The Schooling Model=230
7-4. The Wage Gap Among Workers Who Differ in Their Education=237
7-5. Estimating the Rate of Return to Schooling=241
Theory at Work: Can We Afford to Improve the Skills of High School Dropouts?=242
7-6. Do Workers Maximize Lifetime Earnings?=245
7-7. Schooling as a Signal=249
Theory at Work: Is a GED Better Than Nothing?=254
7-8. Postschool Human Capital Investments=255
7-9. On-the-Job Training=257
Theory at Work: Formal Training Programs=260
7-10. On-the-Job Training and the Age-Earnings Profile=261
Theory at Work: The Labor Market Effects of Substance Abuse=266
7-11. Policy Application: Evaluating Government Training Programs=268
Summary=271
Key Concepts=272
Review Questions=272
Problems=273
8. The Wage Structure=275
8-1. The Earnings Distribution=276
8-2. Changes in the Wage Structure: Basic Facts=278
8-3. Policy Application: Why Did Wage Inequality Increase?=282
Theory at Work: Computers, Pencils, and the Wage Structure=290
8-4. The Earnings of Superstars=293
8-5. Inequality Across Generations=296
Summary=300
Key Concepts=300
Review Questions=301
Problems=301
9. Labor Mobility=303
9-1. Geographic Migration as a Human Capital Investment=304
9-2. Internal Migration in the United States=305
9-3. Family Migration=309
9-4. Immigration in the United States=312
9-5. Immigrant Performance in the U.S. Labor Market=313
9-6. The Decision to Immigrate=319
Theory at Work: Visas Available (If You Pass a Test or Pay Up!)=325
9-7. Policy Application: The Economic Benefits from Immigration=325
9-8. Job Turnover: Some Stylized Facts=328
9-9. The Job Match=330
9-10. Specific Training and Job Turnover=332
Theory at Work: Health Insurance and Job-Lock=332
9-11. Job Turnover and the Age-Earnings Profile=335
Summary=337
Key Concepts=338
Review Questions=338
Problems=339
10. Labor Market Discrimination=342
10-1. Race and Gender in the Labor Market=343
10-2. The Discrimination Coefficient=344
10-3. Employer Discrimination=345
Theory at Work: Auditing Employer Hiring Practices=347
Theory at Work: Beauty and the Beast=353
10-4. Employee Discrimination=354
10-5. Customer Discrimination=355
10-6. Statistical Discrimination=357
Theory at Work: Customer Discrimination and the NBA=358
10-7. Measuring Discrimination=362
10-8. Policy Application: Determinants of the Black-White Wage Ratio=366
Theory at Work: Orchestrating Impartiality=366
10-9. Policy Application: Determinants of the Male-Female Wage Ratio=374
10-10. Discrimination Against Other Groups=382
Summary=384
Key Concepts=385
Review Questions=385
Problems=386
11. Labor Unions=388
11-1. Unions in the United States=389
11-2. Determinants of Union Membership=394
11-3. Monopoly Unions=400
Theory at Work: Airline Deregulation and the Wages of Airline Mechanics=401
11-4. Policy Application: Unions and Resource Allocation=402
11-5. Efficient Contracts=405
11-6. Strikes=411
11-7. Union Wage Effects=417
11-8. The Exit-Voice Hypothesis=423
11-9. Policy Application: Public-Sector Unions=425
Theory at Work: Lawyers and Arbitration=427
Summary=428
Key Concepts=429
Review Questions=429
Problems=430
12. Labor Market Contracts and Work Incentives=432
12-1. Piece Rates and Time Rates=433
Theory at Work: Work Effort Among Navy Recruiters=439
12-2. Tournaments=440
Theory at Work: Work Effort in the PGA Tour=444
12-3. Policy Application: The Compensation of Executives=445
12-4. Work Incentives and Delayed Compensation=447
12-5. Efficiency Wages=452
Theory at Work: Did Henry Ford Pay Efficiency Wages?=457
Summary=461
Key Concepts=462
Review Questions=462
Problems=463
13. Unemployment=465
13-1. Unemployment in the United States=466
13-2. Frictional and Structural Unemployment=472
Theory at Work: Out of Work in the Workers' Paradise=473
13-3. The Steady-State Rate of Unemployment=474
13-4. Job Search=477
Theory at Work: Jobs and Friends=480
13-5. Policy Application: Unemployment Compensation=484
Theory at Work: Cash Bonuses and Unemployment=485
13-6. The Intertemporal Substitution Hypothesis=489
13-7. The Sectoral Shifts Hypothesis=491
13-8. Efficiency Wages=492
13-9. Implicit Contracts=497
13-10. Policy Application: The Trade-Off Between Inflation and Unemployment=499
Summary=505
Key Concepts=506
Review Questions=506
Problems=507
Indexes=509
Name Index=509
Subject Index=514