영문목차
PREFACE=ix
PART I. THE BASICS=3
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCING INFLUENCE:EXAMPLES FROM THE LEAST TO THE MOST=3
Examples:From the Least to the Most=4
The Influence of Citizens in Democratic Countries=9
CHAPTER 2. WHAT IS INFLUENCE?=12
The Absence of Standard Terminology=12
Influence and Causation=13
Interests, Desires, and the Definition of Influence=14
Interests versus Desires=14
Difficulties in the Concept of Interests=15
Advantages of Distinguishing Influence from Interest=16
Definition of Influence=17
What Do We Mean by More―or Less―Influence?=18
Distribution of Influence=18
Gradations of Influence=19
Scope and Domain of Influence=19
CHAPTER 3. WHAT IS POLITICS?=22
The Nature of Politics=22
The Ubiquity of Politics=24
CHAPTER 4. WHAT IS A POLITICAL SYSTEM? A GOVERNMENT? A STATE?=27
Systems and Subsystems=27
Political System=28
The Government and the State=29
Why So Much Attention to Governments and States?=32
Politics and Economics, Governments and Corporations=32
CHAPTER 5. REVISITING AND APPRAISING INFLUENCE=34
Explaining Differences in Influence=34
The Network of Causes=35
Possibilities and Limits of Influence=36
Forms of Influence=38
Inducement and Power=38
Force and Coercion=39
Persuasion and Manipulation=40
Authority=41
Further Distinctions with Respect to Influence=43
Control=43
Domination and Subjection=44
Manifest and Implicit Influence=44
Spheres of Decision-Making or Levels of Influence=45
First and Second Levels of Influence:Available Options and Agendas=45
Third Level of Influence:Structures=46
Fourth Level of Influence:Consciousness=47
Evaluating Forms of Influence=48
PART II. POLITICAL SYSTEMS:SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES=55
CHAPTER 6. POLITICAL SYSTEMS:SIMILARITIES=55
Two Extreme Views=56
Similarities of Political Systems=57
Uneven Access to Political Resources=57
Quest for Influence over Government=58
Uneven Distribution of Influence over Government=59
Pursuit and Resolution of Conflicting Aims=59
Acquisition of Legitimacy=60
Development of an Ideology=61
Impact of Other Political Systems=62
Inevitability of Change=63
CHAPTER 7. POLITICAL SYSTEMS:DIFFERENCES=65
Paths to the Present=66
Degree of "Modernity"66
Distribution of Political Resources and Skills=69
Cleavage and Cohesion=72
Severity of Conflict=74
Institutions for Sharing and Exercising Influence and Power=77
CHAPTER 8. DIFFERENCES:POLYARCHIES AND NONPOLYARCHIES=78
The Emergence of Polyarchy=79
The Essential Institutions of Polyarchy=79
The Growth of Polyarchy=81
Further Differences between Polyarchies and Nonpolyarchies=81
Civil Rights and Liberties=81
Pluralism:Autonomy versus Control=84
Persuasion versus Coercion=85
Reciprocal versus Unilateral Control=86
Paths to the Present=86
CHAPTER 9. POLYARCHIES AND NONPOLYARCHIES:EXPLANATION=88
Subordination of the Military=88
A Supportive Political Culture=91
A Modern, Dynamic, Pluralist Society=92
Subcultures=97
Outside Interference=99
PART III. POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND POLITICAL EVALUATION=103
CHAPTER 10. INDIVIDUALS' PARTICIPATION IN POLITICS=103
Why Individuals Do Not Participate in Politics=104
Why Individuals Do Participate in Politics=110
Socioeconomic Characteristics=113
Motives=114
The Most Influential=118
Changes in Political Attitudes and Behavior=119
A Brief Look at the Postmaterialist Younger Generation=121
A Longer Look at the Case of Women=121
CHAPTER 11. POLITICAL EVALUATION=126
Normative, Empirical, and Conceptual Analyses=126
How Normative and Empirical Analyses Are Connected=127
Three Points about Normative Analysis of Politics=129
An Example of Conceptual Clarification:Rae's Equalities=132
An Ambitious Contemporary Normative Framework:Rawls's A Theory of Justice=134
Two Types of Moral Reasoning=134
Rawls's Procedure=136
Two Principles of Justice=136
Criticism of Rawls's Framework=137
Implications=138
Conclusion:Plurality of Perspectives, Extraneous Influences, and Arriving at One's Own Framework for Political Evaluation=139
PART IV. POLITICAL ANALYSIS:TO WHAT ENDS?=143
CHAPTER 12. WHAT GOOD IS MODERN POLITICAL ANALYSIS?=143
Political Science?=143
Strategies of Pure Science=144
Can Political Phenomena Be Measured?=145
When Does a Difference "Make a Difference"?=147
Basic versus Applied Political Science=147
Why Political Analysis?=149
Benefits for Individuals(Micro Level)=149
Benefits for Political Systems(Macro Level)=151
Delivering Services in Metropolitan Areas=152
Designing National Government Institutions=152
"Democratic Peace"=153
Designing International Political Institutions=154
Strategies for Making Decisions=155
Holistic Strategies=155
Strategies of Limited Rationality=156
Experimental Strategies=157
INDEX=159