영문목차
List of figures=x
Acknowledgments=xii
1. Historiography and the maritime landscape=1
1.1. The perspective=1
1.2. Historiography=10
1.3. The maritime landscape=19
1.4. Geographical knowledge of the Indian Ocean in antiquity=25
Archaeology of trade=27
The palaeoenvironment and location of Mahasthangarh=28
2. Fishing and sailing communities:cross-cultural contacts=30
2.1. Marine and coastal resources=30
2.2. Maritime communities:beginnings=37
2.3. Boat nomads=43
2.4. Piracy=46
2.5. Fishing communities:the historical record=47
2.6. Sailing communities=51
Tamil poems of love and war=53
Pearl fisheries of the Gulf of Mannar=53
3. La longue dureacutee:transportation, boat-building technology and navigation=55
3.1. Archaeology of the boat=55
3.2. The stitched tradition=59
3.3. Early European response=64
3.4. The ethnographic evidence=66
3.5. Boat-building centres=70
3.6. Traditional navigation=70
3.7. Ownership of vessels=72
3.8. Organisation of shipping=74
3.9. Innovation and change=75
3.10. Repair and maintenance=77
3.11. Chronology of disjunction=77
Maritime archaeology of the Indian Ocean=80
4. Maritime trade networks:the beginnings(third to second millennia BCE)=82
4.1. Mesopotamian contacts=84
4.2. The Persian Gulf and early maritime networks=87
4.3. The Harappan civilisation=91
4.4. The maritime regions of the Harappans=93
4.5. Internal networks of trade=96
4.6. Transition and change=98
Instruments of trade=100
5. Regional integration (late second to early first millennia BCE)=103
5.1. The Persian Gulf=105
5.2. Socotra=109
5.3. Peninsular India=111
5.4. Sri Lanka=117
5.5. Southeast Asia=120
The megalith builders of peninsular India=125
Arikamedu:changing paradigms=127
6. Consolidation of the political structure=129
6.1. The setting=129
6.2. Political concepts in early Buddhism:theory and practice=133
6.3. Satavahanas and their successors=136
6.4. Alliance as political strategy=145
6.5. The early polities in Sri Lanka=147
6.6. Political developments in early Southeast Asia=149
6.7. Royalty and ritual=152
Archaeology of early polities=152
Royal inscriptions from peninsular India=155
7. The Greeks:adventurers, travellers and traders=165
7.1. The explorers=168
7.2. Hellenistic settlements=172
7.3. The Nabataeans, Sabaeans and Gerrhaeans=175
7.4. The maritime network=177
7.5. Christian communities=182
Indo-Greek coins=186
8. The merchant lineage and the guild=188
8.1. Merchant communities:interaction with the state=188
8.2. Organisation of inland trade=193
8.3. The Indian Ocean network=198
8.4. Foreigners and trade networks=205
8.5. Money and the use of coins=208
The prevalence of writing=212
9. Craft production and trading networks:multiple meanings=214
9.1. The trading commodities=216
9.2. Textiles=217
9.3. Beads=227
9.4. Ivory=231
9.5. Metal artefacts=233
9.6. Organisation of crafts=235
Terracottas from the Deccan=235
Begram ivories:analogies with early Buddhist sites=237
10. Shared faith=245
10.1. Social base of early Buddhism=248
10.2. The worship of the stupa and the relics=251
10.3. Pilgrimage=253
10.4. Ritual and ceremony=255
10.5. Buddhism and maritime activity=258
10.6. Archaeology of monastic sites=260
10.7. Continuity and change=269
Details of relic caskets enshrined=272
11. Retrospect and prospect=275
11.1. In conclusion=275
11.2. Future research strategy=279
Land grants to brahmanas:beginnings of agriculture in peninsular India?=290
Glossary=292
References=296
Index=328
FIGURES
1.1. The Indian Ocean=4
1.2. Monsoon winds and currents in the Indian Ocean=21
1.3. Palaeoenvironment of Mahasthangarh=23
2.1. Marine shell resources and distribution networks=32
2.2. Location of Khok Phanom Di=42
2.3. Chaw Lay sites on Phuket island=45
3.1. Boats carrying pots in Ajanta paintings=65
3.2. Shell-built vessel on the Orissa coast=68
3.3. Skeleton construction on the Andhra coast=69
3.4. Masulas transporting cargo to the shore=79
3.5. Clay sealing from Chandraketugarh=80
4.1. Major areas in the third millennium BCE=86
4.2. Metal resources and distribution networks=89
4.3. Principal sites of the Harappan civilisation=92
5.1. Principal Iron Age sites in Oman=107
5.2. Archaeological sites on the island of Socotra=110
5.3. Archaeological sites in the Coimbatore district=112
5.4. Trade centres in Tamil Nadu=114
5.5. Archaeological sites in Sri Lanka=118
5.6. Metal Age sites in Indonesia=123
6.1. Sites with Asokan inscriptions=134
6.2. Sites of inscriptions in the Deccan=137
6.3. Faccedilade of the cave at Nasik=138
7.1. The Erythraean Sea=171
7.2. Hellenistic settlements in the Persian Gulf=173
7.3. Location of Begram and other sites=178
7.4. Location of sites identified as Christian centres=184
8.1. Sites along the Red Sea=190
8.2. Buddha images at Kanheri=197
8.3. The Indian Ocean network from the third to sixth centuries CE=199
8.4. Inscription of Buddhagupta=204
8.5. General view of Arikamedu=207
8.6. Find-spots of Roman coins in India=211
9.1. Indian cloth from Southeast Asia=215
9.2. Painting from Ajanta=222
9.3. Painting of a ceiling from Ajanta=226
9.4. Beads in the trade network, from the site of Ban Don Ta Phet, Thailand=229
9.5. One of the Begram ivories=232
9.6. Terracotta from Ter=236
10.1. Stupa worship at Sanchi=256
10.2. Avalokitesvara from cave 90 at Kanheri=259
10.3. Buddhist sites in peninsular India=261
10.4. Asokan edict at Brahmagiri=262
10.5. Buddhist rock-cut caves at Kanheri=264
10.6. Stone bowl at Thotlakonda=265