영문목차
List of Tables=ⅸ
Preface=xiii
1. THE SECOND COLLFCTIVISATION DRIVE, 1931=1
2. THE SECOND PHASE OF DEKULAKISATION, 1931=20
3. THE 1931 GRAIN HARVEST=48
(A) The Autumn Sowing, 1930=48
(B) The Spring Sowing=53
(C) The Harvest=65
4. GRAIN COLLECTIONS FROM THE 1931 HARVEST=79
(A) The Collection Plan=79
(B) The Campaign=91
5. THE 1932 GRAIN HARVEST=105
(A) The Autumn Sowing, 1931=105
(B) The Spring Sowing, 1932=107
(C) The Harvest=123
6. GRAIN COLLECTIONS FROM THE 1932 HARVEST=137
(A) The Grain Collection Plan for 1932/33=137
(B) First Stage of the Campaign, July-November 1932=142
(ⅰ) Resistance=144
(ⅱ) Enforcement=162
(ⅲ) Relaxation=181
(C) The Desperate Battle for Grain, December 1932-February 1933=185
(ⅰ) The revised grain distribution plan, December 9, 1932=185
(ⅱ) The December collections=187
(ⅲ) The January 1933 collections=197
(ⅳ) The grain collections and the January plenum=201
(D) Grain in the Time of Famine, February-July 1933=204
(ⅰ) Famine=204
(ⅱ) The First All-Union Congress of Kolkhoz Shock Workers=207
(ⅲ) The grain collections=209
(ⅳ) Relaxation and repression=211
(ⅴ) The grain budget=224
7. THE 1933 GRAIN HARVEST=231
(A) The Autumn Sowing, 1932=231
(B) The Spring Sowing, 1933=233
(C) The Harvest=239
(D) Measuring the Harvest=243
8. GRAIN COLLECTIONS FROM THE 1933 HARVEST=250
(A) The Law on Compulsory Deliveries=250
(B) The Grain Plan=259
(C) The Collections=262
9. CROPS OTHER THAN GRAIN=268
(A) Food Crops=269
(ⅰ) Sugar beet=269
(ⅱ) Potatoes and vegetables=274
(ⅲ) Vegetable oils=283
A note on `decentralised collections' of food=288
(B) Industrial Crops=291
(ⅰ) Cotton=291
(ⅱ) Flax=298
10. THE LIVESTOCK DISASTER=301
(A) The Drive for Socialisation, Autumn 1930 to December 1931=301
(B) The Retreat from Socialisation, 1932/33=309
(c) The Kazakh Catastrophe=321
(D) The Outcome=326
11. THE SOVKHOZY=332
12. THE KOLKHOZY=348
(A) State Control of the Kolkhoz=351
(B) The Structure of the Kolkhoz=364
(C) The Kolkhoz Brigade=370
(D) The Income of the Collective Farmer=375
(ⅰ) Remuneration from the kolkhoz:the problem of the labour day=375
(ⅱ) Remuneration from the kolkhoz:payment in money=382
(ⅲ) Remuneration from the kolkhoz:payment in kind=384
(ⅳ) The household plot=389
(ⅴ) Earnings from otkhodnichestvo=392
(E) Money Income as a Whole=397
13. THE FAMINE IN PERSPECTIVE=400
(A) Famines before 1930=402
(ⅰ) 1891/92=402
(ⅱ) The double famine of 1918-22=403
(B) The Urban Food Crisis of 1928-33=406
(C) The Famine in Kazakhstan=408
(D) The Rural Famine of 1932-33=409
(ⅰ) Areas affected by the famine=409
(ⅱ) Deaths from the famine=412
(ⅲ) Excess deaths by region=415
(ⅳ) Excess deaths by social group=417
(ⅴ) Use of food substitutes=421
(ⅵ) Cannibalism=421
(ⅶ) Food assistance=424
(ⅷ) Movement control=426
(ⅸ) Disease=429
(E) Causes of the Famine=431
(ⅰ) Background=431
(ⅱ) Why did agricultural production decline so precipitately?=434
(ⅲ) Coping with the famine crisis=440
Appendix:A Note on the Grain Harvests=442
Tables=448
Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations used in Text=514
Abbreviations of Titles of Books and Periodical Publications, etc., used in Footnotes=521
Bibliography=522
Name Index=533
Subject Index=538
1. Grain production and collections, 1930-33=448
2. Number of animals by social sector, 1931-34=449
(a) Absolute numbers=449
(b) Percentage decline in number of livestock=451
3. Number of cattle by region, July 1928 and July 1933=451
4. Production of fodder, 1928-33=452
5. Area sown to all crops, 1928, 1930-33=452
(a) By type of crop=452
(b) By social sector=453
6. Sown area, yield, production and collections of food crops, 1913 and 1928-33=453
(a) Sugar beet=453
(b) Potatoes=454
(c) Vegetables=454
(d) Melons and other cucurbits=455
(e) Vegetable oil seeds=455
7. Sown area, yield, gross harvest and collections of industrial crops, 1928-33=456
(a) Raw cotton=456
(b) Flax=457
8. Ten-daily average temperature and accumulated rainfall, Kiev(Ukraine) and Saratov(Lower Volga), March to August, 1930-33=458
(a) Kiev=458
(b) Saratov(Lower Volga)=459
9. Main agricultural operations by five-daily periods, 1931-33 harvests=460
(a) Autumn sowing:all crops=460
(b) Autumn ploughing all crops=460
(c) Spring sowing:all crops=461
(d) Spring and summer ploughing of fallow:all crops=462
(e) Reaping grain crops=463
(f) Stacking:grain crops=463
(g) Threshing:grain crops=464
10. Some agrocomic and technical indicators in 1932 and 1933 compared=465
(a) Traction power=465
(b) Seed=465
(c) Preparation of land=466
11. Capital investment in socialised sector of agriculture, bs sector, 1930-33=466
12. Allocations to agriculture from Union budget, by sector, 1931-33=466
13. Stock of machinery in agriculture, by social sector=467
14. Grain collections, 1930/31-1933/34=467
(a) By type of grain=467
(b) By social sector=468
(c) By months=469
(d) By area supplying grain=470
15. Grain allocation, 1930/31-1933/34=470
(a) All planned allocations by main uses=470
(b) Allocations to the population for special purposes=472
16. State collections of livestock and dairy products, 1928-34=474
17. Collections of wool, hides and skins, 1928-34=474
18. Grain collections, 1931/32=475
(a) By social sector=475
(b) By area supplying grain=476
19. Grain collections, 1931:Politburo and Sovnarkom decisions=477
20. Grain collections from the 1932 harvest:plans by social sector=478
21. Grain collections, peasant sector, July 1932-June 1933=478
22. State seed loans and aid, February-July 1933=479
23. State food loans and aid, February-July 1933=481
24. State fodder loans and aid, February-July 1933=485
25. Grain collection plans and results for the 1933 harvest=486
26. Number of households collectivised, 1928-33=487
27. Percentage of households collectivised, in selected regions, January 1931-June 1933=488
28. Number of households exiled in Category Ⅱ, 1930-31=490
(a) By republics and regions from which exiled=490
(b) By republics and regions to which exiled=491
29. Number of households exiled in Category Ⅱ, by sub-periods, 1931=492
30. Sovkhoz three-year plan of 1931, and performance, 1931-33=493
31. Sovkhoz grain production and collections, 1930-33=494
32. Money income and expenditure per household of individual peasants and collective farmers, July 1930-June 1931=495
(a) Income=495
(b) Expenditure=496
33. Money income and expenditure of kolkhozy, 1930-32=496
(a) Income=496
(b) Expenditure=497
34. Money income per household of kolkhozy, 1932 and 1933=498
35. Money income per household of collective farmers, 1930/31-1933=498
36. Money expenditure per person of collective farmers, 1933:sample survey of seven regions=499
37. Non-agricultural money income per household of agricultural population, 1930/31 and 1931/32=500
38. Number of labour days per collective farmer per year recorded in kolkhoz reports, 1931-33=500
39. Percentage of able-bodied collective farmers engaged in otkhodnichestvo, by regions, 1930-33=501
40. Distribution of kolkhoz grain as percentage of gross harvest, 1931-33=502
41. Grain issued by kolkhoz per able-bodied collective farmer, 1931-33=503
42. Grain received and consumed per adult person, by region:sample survey of seven regions, 1933-34=503
(a) Received from all sources=503
(b) Used for personal consumption=504
43. Agricultural products per person received and utilised by collective-farm households:sample survey of seven regions, 1933=504
(a) Entering households=504
(b) Utilised by households=505
44. Food consumption per collective farmer per day in Odessa region, September and December 1932=506
45. Officials of politotdely of MTS, by number and type of official, 1933=507
(a) Education=507
(b) Year of joining party=508
46. Dismissals from MTS and kolkhozy, 1933=508
(a) From MTS by occupation=508
(b) From kolkhozy by occupation and region=508
47. Bazaar prices for rye flour, by region, 1926/27, 1929-34=510
48. Registered rural annualised monthly crude death rate, by region, 1932-34=511
49. Incidence of disease=512
(a) Cases of infectious diseases in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, 1913, 1918-22, 1929-36=512
(b) Cases of infectious diseases in Ukraine, 1933-36=512
(c) Monthly incidence of cases of typhus on the railways, 1933-34=513