영문목차
FOREWORD xi
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xv
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
CHAPTER 2 APOLLO: THE LEGACY 11
2.1.Introduction 11
2.2.Origins of Apollo 12
2.3.Cold War Legacy 17
2.4.Human Legacy 18
2.5.Scientific Legacy 20
Notes and References 21
CHAPTER 3 ENERGY: THE GLOBAL FUTURE 25
3.1.Introduction 25
3.2.``In the Box'' Energy Sources 28
3.2.1.Fossil Fuels 28
3.2.2.Nuclear Fission 31
v
3.2.3.Terrestrial Solar Power 34
3.2.4.Conservation 36
3.2.5.The ``Portfolio'' Approach 37
3.3.``Out of the Box'' Energy Sources 38
3.3.1.Hydrogen 40
3.3.2.Deuterium?ritium Fusion 40
3.3.3.Space Solar Energy 42
3.3.4.Lunar Helium-3 Fusion 43
Notes and References 47
CHAPTER 4 BOOSTER: MOON ROCKET ECONOMICS 53
4.1.ntroduction 53
4.2.The Saturn VI 54
4.2.1.The Saturn V Benchmark 54
4.2.2.Booster Operational Costs 57
4.3.Alternatives to a ``Saturn VI'' 59
4.3.1.Shuttle Derived Booster 59
4.3.2.Energia 60
4.3.3.Multiple Expendable Launch Vehicles 60
Notes and References 61
CHAPTER 5 FUSION: HELIUM-3 POWER ECONOMICS 63
5.1.Introduction 63
5.2.Potential Approaches to Fusion Power 64
5.2.1.Deuterium?ritium Fusion 64
5.2.2.Helium-3 and Deuterium-Helium-3
Fusion 65
5.2.3.Hydrogen?oron-11 Fusion 67
5.3.Economics of Deuterium?elium-3 Fusion 68
5.4.Summary 73
Notes and References 74
CHAPTER 6 RESOURCES: LUNAR HELIUM-3
ECONOMICS 77
6.1.Introduction 77
6.2.Geology of Lunar Helium 80
6.2.1.General Background 80
6.2.2.Helium-3 in the Regolith 84
6.2.3.Helium-3 and Titanium 84
6.2.4.Regolith Breccia vs Regolith Fines 86
6.2.5.Helium Concentration vs Grain Size 88
6.2.6.Agitation Losses 89
6.2.7.Summary 92
6.3.Economic Geology of Lunar Helium-3 92
6.3.1.General Background 92
6.3.2.Mining Analysis 93
6.3.3.Mining-Processing Costs 96
Notes and References 99
CHAPTER 7 SETTLEMENT: HELIUM-3 PRODUCTION
ECONOMICS 109
7.1.Introduction 109
7.2.Mining, Processing, and Refining 111
7.2.1.Mining Strategy: Spiral vs Rectilinear 111
7.2.2.Equipment Design 114
7.3.Dust: A Special Problem 123
7.4.Thermal and Electrical Power 124
7.4.1.Solar Energy 125
7.4.2.Solar and Lunar Hydrogen?xygen
Energy Cycle 125
7.4.3.Nuclear Fission 127
7.4.4.Helium-3 Fusion 127
7.5.Export to Earth and Space 127
7.6.Risk Management 129
7.7.Employee Selection and Training 131
7.8.Employee Compensation 133
7.9.Imported Consumables and Other Support 133
7.10.Production Economics 134
7.10.1.Non-recurring Costs for Initiating
Helium-3 Production 135
7.10.2.Summary 142
Notes and References 143
CHAPTER 8 APPROACHES: ORGANIZATIONAL OPTIONS
FOR A RETURN 149
8.1.Introduction 149
8.2.Financing 153
8.2.1.Minimum Start-Up Capital Required 153
8.2.2.Minimum Tax Revenues Required 155
8.2.3.Minimum Private Capital Required 155
8.2.4.inimum Cost of Capital 155
8.2.5.Maximum Financing Feasibility 156
8.2.6.Least Regulatory Costs 156
8.2.7.Minimum Operating Costs 157
8.2.8.Maximum Return on Investment 157
8.2.9.Maximum Staying Power 157
8.3.Management 158
8.3.1.Minimum Complexity of Management 159
8.3.2.Minimum Complexity of Operations 159
8.3.3.Access to Largest Technical Base 159
8.3.4.Quality in Planning, RDT&E,
Production, and Operations 160
8.3.5.uality in Marketing and Sales and
Product Distribution 160
8.3.6.Maximum Sales Margins 160
8.3.7.Quality in Financial Controls 161
8.3.8.Quality of Work Force 162
8.3.9.Motivation of Work Force 162
8.4 External Issues 162
8.4.1.Maximum Net Environmental
Protection 163
8.4.2.Maximum Potential for Technology
Spinoff 163
8.4.3.aximum Economic Benefit 164
8.4.4.Maximum World Benefit 164
8.4.5.Maximum Potential for Space
Settlement 165
8.5.Aggregate Approach Evaluation 166
Notes and References 167
CHAPTER 9 MANAGEMENT: LESSONS FROM APOLLO 169
9.1.Introduction 169
9.2.Apollo Management 170
9.2.1.Evolution of an Approach to
Management 170
9.2.2.The Fire 177
9.2.3.Professional Values and Consequences 181
9.2.4.Internal Engineering Capability 185
9.2.5.Competitive Development of Critical
Systems 186
9.2.6.Value of Youth 187
9.2.7.Management Oversight 187
9.2.8.Political Support 188
9.3.Essential Conditions for Success 191
Notes and References 193
CHAPTER 10 NASA: RESTRUCTURING FOR DEEP SPACE 197
10.1.NASA in Political Terms 198
10.2.Management Restructuring 202
10.3.Centers' Roles and Missions 205
10.4.Long Duration Space Shuttle 208
10.5.NASA and Space Tourism 210
10.6.Aeronautics 214
10.7.Space Biomedicine 217
10.8.pace Launch Initiative 222
10.9.Space Science 230
10.10.Major Recent Events 236
Notes and References 238
CHAPTER 11 INVESTORS: THE BEST APPROACH 239
11.1.Introduction 239
11.2.Commercial Precedents in Space 241
11.2.1.Communications 241
11.2.2.Other Commercial Space Endeavors 242
11.3.Phase I: Commercial Fusion Technology 242
11.3.1.Diagnostic Medical Isotope Production 245
11.3.2.Neutron Diagnostic Imaging 250
11.3.3.Therapeutic Medical Isotope
Production 250
11.3.4.Detection of Landmines and Other
Threats 252
11.3.5.Nuclear Materials Disposal
(Transmutation) 252
11.3.6.Mobile Power Sources 253
11.4.Phase II: Fusion Power Demonstration 253
11.5.Phase III: Saturn VI and Lunar Production 255
11.6.Management Structure 259
11.6.1.Organization 260
11.6.2.Internal Financial and Technical
Controls 264
11.6.3.Modern Management Techniques 265
11.6.4.Personnel 265
11.6.5.Launch and Space Operations 265
11.7.Ancillary Businesses 268
11.8.Summary 270
Notes and References 271
CHAPTER 12 LAW: SPACE RESOURCES 275
12.1.Introduction 275
12.2.Relevant Law and Precedents 277
12.3.Antarctic Treaty System 277
12.4.Space Law 280
12.4.1.Outer Space Treaty of 1967 280
12.4.2.Moon Agreement of 1979 286
12.4.3.Intelsat and Inmarsat 289
12.5.Law of the Sea Convention 289
12.6.United States' Space Law 291
12.7.Property and Mineral Rights 291
12.8.Conclusion 295
Notes and References 296
CHAPTER 13 HUMANS: ROLES IN SPACE 299
13.1.Introduction 299
13.2.Adaptation to Space 303
13.2.1.Physiological Adaptation 305
13.2.2.Lunar Habitats and Spacesuits 312
13.2.3.Cultural and Social Adaptation 313
13.3.Space Radiation 315
13.4.Dust 317
13.5.Lunar Occupational Medicine 317
13.6.Family Development 318
13.7.Implications of Humans in Space 318
Notes and References 319
CHAPTER 14 IMPLICATIONS 325
References 328
INDEX 329