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Preface
Early Greece 776--480 BCE
A Millennium of Greek Love 1
Homer's Iliad 3
Crete, Sparta, Chalcis 6
Athletics and the Cult of Beauty 10
Sappho 15
Alcaeus, Ibycus, Anacreon 20
Theognis of Megara 23
Athens' Rulers 24
The Tyrannicides 25
Judea 900 BCE--600 CE
The Judgment of Leviticus 32
The Threat to Population 34
Sodom's Gold 36
Who Were the Kedeshim? 39
Philo of Alexandria 43
The Talmud 46
Classical Greece 480--323 BCE
Pindar's Odes 49
Greek Tragedy 51
Phidias 52
The Comedies of Aristophanes 53
Plato's Symposium 55
The Phaedrus and the Laws 60
Xenophon 63
Aristotle's Dicta 65
Zeno and the Stoics 66
Aeschines' Against Timarchus 67
The Sacred Band of Thebes 69
Philip and Alexander 74
Rome and Greece 323 BCE--138 CE
Sexuality and Empire 79
Cicero and Roman Politics 82
Greek Love in the Aeneid 84
Meleager and Callimachus 86
Catullus and Tibullus 87
Theocritus and ``Corydon'' 90
Horace 92
Ovid's Myths 94
Lesbianism 97
Petronius' Satyricon 99
Suetonius and the Emperors 101
Statius, Martial, Juvenal 103
Hadrian and Antinous 105
Christians and Pagans 1--565 CE
The Gospels 111
Intertestamental Judaism and Paul 112
``Moses'' and the Early Church 115
Greek Love in Late Antiquity 118
Plutarch's Dialogue on Love 120
The Lucianic ``Affairs of the Heart'' 124
Two Romances and an Epic 127
Roman Law before Constantine 129
The Edicts of 342 and 390 131
Sodom Transformed 136
Saint John Chrysostom 139
The Persecutions of Justinian 142
Darkness Descends 476--1049
The Fall of Rome 150
Visigothic Spain 151
Church Councils and Penitentials 153
The Carolingian Panic 156
Love in Arab Spain 161
The Growth of Canon Law 172
The Book of Gomorrah 175
The Medieval World 1050--1321
The Fortunes of Ganymede 178
Scandal in High Places 183
The Theological Assault 186
The Inquisition and Its Allies 189
The Fate of the Templars 192
Secular Laws: The Sowing 196
The Harvest Begins 201
Poets for the Prosecution 204
Dante's Admirable Sinners 208
Imperial China 500 BCE--1849
A Peach, a Fish, and a Sleeve 213
The Han Emperors 217
Taoism, Confucianism, Buddhism 220
Poets and Lovers 222
From Tang to Song 223
Ming China: The West Reacts 225
Feng Menglong's Anatomy of Love 228
Fiction and Drama 231
The Qing Dynasty 236
The Peking Stage 240
Italy in the Renaissance 1321--1609
A New Ethos and an Old 245
Repression in the Italian City States 246
Death in Venice 247
Florence: The Price of Love 251
Donatello, Botticelli, Leonardo 262
Michelangelo: Love, Art, and Guilt 269
Sodoma and Cellini 278
Rome and Caravaggio 286
Spain and the Inquisition 1497--1700
The Spanish Inquisition 291
Subcultures in Valencia and Madrid 300
The Inquisition in Portugal 308
Spain and the New World 314
France from Calvin to Louis XIV 1517--1715
Outings, Protestant and Catholic 321
Calvinism and Repression 324
Henry III and the ``Mignons'' 328
The Poets' Revolt 331
Louis XIII, ``The Just'' 335
Monsieur and Madame 339
Six Generals 345
Les Lesbiennes 350
Queen Christina 355
England from the Reformation to William III 1533--1702
Silence and Denial 361
Monasteries and the Law 362
Elizabethan Literature 366
Christopher Marlowe 368
The Tragedy of Edward II 371
Shakespeare's Sonnets 378
James VI and I 381
Francis Bacon 388
Puritanism and the Restoration 391
Between Women 397
William III in England 402
Pre-Meiji Japan 800--1868
Europe Discovers Japan 411
The Buddhist Priesthood 413
Samurai and Shoguns 419
No Drama and Kabuki 424
A Debate and an Anthology 428
Saikaku's Great Mirror 431
Tokugawa Finale 438
Patterns of Persecution 1700--1730
Policing Paris 444
``Reforming'' Britain 451
Souls in Exile 456
Witch Hunt in the Netherlands 462
Sapphic Lovers 1700--1793
Law and Religion 472
Romance and Innuendo 478
A Nun and an Actress 488
An Ill-Fated Queen 493
The Enlightenment 1730--1810
Montesquieu and Beccaria 500
Frederick the Great 504
The Vagaries of Voltaire 512
Diderot and Sade 519
Toward Reform 524
Bentham vs. Blackstone 528
Conclusion 536
Notes 543
Bibliography 564
Acknowledgments 598
Illustration Credits 600
Index 605