목차
Preface vii
Acknowledgements ix
Abbreviations and acronyms x
Map 1. Northern Iraq, 1992 xii
Map 2. Somalia xiii
Map 3. Bosnia and Herzegovina, April 1995 xiv
Map 4. Rwanda, August 1994 xv
Map 5. Kosovo, 1999 xvi
Map 6. East Timor, 1999 xvii
1. Controversies about humanitarian military intervention 1
I. Humanitarian intervention debates 7
II. The structure of this book 28
2. Judging success and failure 30
I. What is success? 30
II. Counting people who did not die 32
III. A typology of humanitarian military intervention 38
IV. Summary 45
Figure 2.1. Military responses to humanitarian dilemmas 40
Table 2.1. A typology of humanitarian military intervention 42
3. Humanitarian military interventions in the 1990s 46
I. State oppression of the Kurds in northern Iraq, 1991-96 47
II. State failure and famine in Somalia, 1991-95 52
III. Secession and ethnic expulsion in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1992-95 61
IV. Genocide and civil war in Rwanda, 1994 70
V. Secessionist violence and ethnic expulsion in Kosovo, 1999 78
VI. Independence and fear in East Timor, 1999-2000 86
VII. Summary 93
Table 3.1. The impact of intervention in northern Iraq, 1991-96 48
Table 3.2. The impact of intervention in Somalia, 1991-95 60
Table 3.3. The impact of intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1992-95 68
Table 3.4. The impact of intervention in Rwanda, 1994 78
Table 3.5. The impact of intervention in Kosovo, 1999-2000 80
Table 3.6. The impact of intervention in East Timor, 1999-2000 90
4. Helping to deliver emergency aid 96
I. Strategies for delivering aid 97
II. Direct aid and logistics provision in the 1990s 106
III. Advantages and disadvantages of military intervention to help provide aid 131
IV. Summary 133
Table 4.1. Variations of direct aid and logistical assistance 103
5. Protecting humanitarian aid operations 135
I. Strategies for protecting aid operations 136
II. Protecting aid operations in the 1990s 145
III. Advantages and disadvantages of military intervention to protect aid operations 172
IV. Summary 176
Table 5 .1. Various forms of military protection of aid operations 140
6. Saving the victims of violence 177
I. Strategies for protecting civilians 180
II. Saving the victims of violence in the 1990s 191
III. Advantages and disadvantages of military intervention to save the victims of violence 218
IV. Summary 220
Table 6.1. Various forms of saving civilian victims 184
7. Defeating the perpetrators of violence 222
I. Strategies for defeating the perpetrators of violence 224
II. Defeating the perpetrators of violence in the 1990s 230
III. Advantages and disadvantages of military intervention to defeat the perpetrators of violence 262
IV. Summary 265
Table 7 .1. Various outcomes of offensive action to defeat perpetrators of violence 226
8. The prospects for success and the limits of humanitarian intervention 267
I. Taking stock 270
II. Choosing among types and strategies 274
III. The limits of humanitarian military intervention 276
IV. Concluding comments 280
Table 8.1. Success and failure in humanitarian military intervention in the 1990s 272
Index 282