영문목차
List of Tables=vii
List of Figures=ix
Acknowledgments=xi
1. Introduction=1
2. Actors, Interests, and the Origins of Elite Splits=26
3. A Theory of Land Reform=60
4. Measuring Land Reform=112
5. A Cross-National Analysis of Land Reform in Latin America=142
6. Elite Splits and Redistribution under Autocracy : Peru's "Revolution from Above"=190
7. Land Reform Transformed to Redistribution : Venezuela's Punto Fijo Democracy and Chávez's Bolivarian Revolution=225
8. Latin America in Comparative Perspective=266
9. Conclusion=304
References=321
Index=345
2.1. Land Distribution in Latin America, 1950-1970=30
2.2. Key Ruling Political Elites in Venezuela, 1945-1948=36
2.3. Cases of Large-Scale Rural Protest and Organization in Latin America, 1910-2008=43
3.1. Required Steps to Create and Implement Land Reform=62
3.2. Land Redistribution and Ruling Political Elite Survival=73
4.1. A Typology of Land Reform=126
5.1. Summary Statistics=145
5.2. Land Redistribution by Elite Splits and Veto Points=154
5.3. Land Redistribution, Political Institutions, and Elite Splits in Latin America, 1930-2008=156
5.4. Alternative Explanations for Land Redistribution, 1930-2008=160
5.5. Land Negotiation, Land Colonization, and Aggregate Land Reform, 1930-2008=176
5.6. IV and Heckman Estimates of Land Redistribution, 1930-2008=182
6.1. Land Reform in Peru, 1939-2006=196
6.2. Determinants of Land Expropriation in Peru, 1969-1980=219
7.1. Land Reform in Venezuela, 1908-2013=229
7.2. Land Reform in Venezuela by State, 1958-1990=253
7.3. Land Reform in Venezuela by Municipality in Rural Municipalities, 1958-1988=256
7.4. Land Distribution in Venezuela by Municipality in Rural Municipalities, 2007-2009=263
8.1. Major and Minor Cases of Land Redistribution Outside of Latin America, 1900-2010=271
8.2. Land Redistribution, Political Institutions, and Elite Splits around the World, 1900-2008=280
2.1. Percentage of the Economically Active Population in Agriculture in Latin America, 1950=39
3.1. An Economy of the Landed Elite, Ruling Political Elite, and Rural Poor=79
3.2. Intra-Elite Splits and Land Redistribution=86
3.3. A Three-Actor Model of Land Redistribution=88
3.4. Model Equilibria=96
4.1. Land Reform in Latin America, 1930-2008=131
4.2. Land Reform in Latin America by Country, 1930-2008=132
4.3. Country-Level Contributions to Total Latin American Land Reform, 1930-2008=136
4.4. Change in Land Inequality in Latin America, 1950-1990=140
5.1. Veto Points across Political Regimes in Latin America, 1930-2008=147
5.2. Land Redistribution, Elite Splits, and Veto Points in Latin America, 1930-2008=153
5.3. Marginal Effects of Elite Split on Land Redistribution as Veto Points Vary=157
6.1. Haciendas, Indigenous Communities, and Small Properties in Ollantaytambo District, Cusco, 1960s=194
6.2. Elite Splits, Institutional Constraints, and Land Redistribution in Peru, 1930-2008=206
6.3. Landholding Inequality and Expropriation in Peru=214
6.4. Number of Properties Affected by Expropriation in Peru by Year, 1969-1980=215
7.1. Land Transfer Types and Compensation under Venezuela's 1960 Agrarian Reform Law=236
7.2. Elite Splits, Institutional Constraints, and Land Reform in Venezuela, 1930-2009=241
7.3. Land Reform in Venezuela, 1958-1990=246
7.4. Long-Term Electoral Effects of Land Transfers by State=258