1. Introduction: From the “Little Divergence” to Successful EU Integration: Towards Economic History of Modern Poland2. The View from Afar: The Polish Economy Between the Golden Age and the Partitions (Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries)3. The Age of Enlightenment Reforms and Partitions of Poland: Economy and Politics in the Late Eighteenth Century (1772-1795)4. Between the Consolidation from Above and the Fragmentation of the State: Partitions, Duchy of Warsaw and Polish Lands After the Congress of Vienna (1795?1830)5. On the Peripheries of the Modern Western World: Delayed Social Reforms and Unfinished Industrial Revolution (1830-1870)6. The Dawn of Modern Economic Growth: Period of Late Industrialization (1870-1914)7. The Window of Opportunity: Polish Lands During the Great War (1914-1921)8. A Moment of Independence: Reconstruction and Economic Development of the Second Republic of Poland (1918/21-1939)9. Under the Nazi and Soviet Rule: Polish Lands During World War II (1939-1945)10. Communist Modernization? Economic Development of Poland Under State Socialism (1945-1989)11. In Pursuit of the Western World: Poland Between the Transition and the EU Accession (1989-2004)12. Conclusion: Two Centuries of Catching-up to the West