List of Maps and Tables
Preface
1 Europe’s Last Pagans
2 Lithuania’s Expansion and Medieval Livonia (1290-1560)
3 The Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Rise of Sweden and Russia (1561-1795)
4 The Long Nineteenth Century under Tsarist Rule (1795-1917)
5 The Short Era of Independence (1917-1939)
6 Between Hammer and Anvil (1939-1953)
7 Soviet Rule (1953-1991)
8 Return to the West (1991-2016)
Notes
Chronology
Place Names
Further Reading
Index