PrefaceTable of CasesTable of EU LegislationPart I STATE AID AND ARTICLE 107 TFEU1 The Notion of State Aid in EU Law1.1 Criteria for State aid in EU Law1.2 Economic advantage granted by the State1.3 Aid must be imputable to the State1.4 Aid must be financed through State resources1.5 State regulation as State aid2 State Aid within Article 107(1) TFEU2.1 State aid and Article 107(1) TFEU2.2 Undertakings as recipients of aid2.3 Selective advantage favouring certain undertakings2.4 Distortion of competition2.5 Effect on trade between Member States2.6 De minimis aid3 Taxation and State Aid3.1 Taxation and the grant of State aid3.2 Reference framework and normal taxation3.3 Selectivity by derogation from normal taxation3.4 Taxation and regional autonomy3.5 Special taxes and parafiscal levies3.6 Harmful tax competition4 Market Transactions and State Aid4.1 Market transactions and State aid4.2 Payment for goods and services4.3 Investments on market terms4.4 Sale of public assets4.5 State loans and guarantees5 Compatibility of State Aid with the Internal Market5.1 Compatibility of State aid with the internal market5.2 Aid which is compatible with the internal market5.3 Aid which may be compatible with the internal market5.4 Aid which the Council determines to be compatible5.5 State aid, competition policy and the internal market6 Services of General Economic Interest6.1 Payment for services of general economic interest6.2 Compatibility of State aid under Article 106(2) TFEUPart II EUROPEAN UNION STATE AID POLICY7 Structure of EU State Aid Policy7.1 State aid in the European Union7.2 Structure of EU State aid policy7.3 Principles of EU State aid policy8 Regional Aid8.1 Commission policy of regional aid8.2 Designation of areas eligible for regional aid8.3 Block exemption for regional investment aid8.4 Regional investment aid under the guidelines8.5 Regional aid for large investment projects8.6 Regional operating aid schemes8.7 Regional urban development aid9 State Aid for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises9.1 Commission policy on State aid for SMEs9.2 SME investment aid9.3 Aid for direct foreign investment9.4 SME aid for ancillary purposes9.5 Aid for risk finance investments in SMEs and mid-caps10 Training and Employment Aid10.1 Commission policy on training and employment aid10.2 Training aid10.3 Employment aid10.4 Aid for employment of disadvantaged and disabled workers11 State Aid for Research and Development and Innovation11.1 Commission policy on aid for R&D&I11.2 Compatibility criteria under the R&D&I framework11.3 Aid for R&D&I projects11.4 Aid for other categories of R&D&I activities12 State Aid for Environmental Protection12.1 Commission policy on State aid for environmental protection12.2 Compatibility criteria in the CEPE Guidelines12.3 Categories of aid for environmental protection13 Rescue and Restructuring Aid13.1 Commission policy on rescue and restructuring aid13.2 Compatibility criteria in the R&R guidelines13.3 Rescue aid13.4 Restructuring aid13.5 Rescue and restructuring aid schemes for SMEs14 Sectoral Aid14.1 Sectoral aid14.2 Agriculture, forestry and fisheries14.3 Broadband and telecommunications14.4 Broadcasting and media14.5 Coal and steel14.6 Culture and heritage conservation14.7 Energy14.8 Export credit insurance14.9 Financial products supported by the InvestEU Fund14.10 Important projects of common European interest14.11 Security14.12 Shipbuilding14.13 Sport14.14 Transport15 State Aid and Economic Crises15.1 State aid and the 2008 financial crisis15.2 State aid and the COVID-19 crisis15.3 State aid and the Ukraine WarPart III SUPERVISION AND ENFORCEMENT: ARTICLE 108 TFEU16 Assessment of State Aid by the European Commission16.1 Supervisory control of State aid16.2 New and existing aid16.3 Notification of new aid16.4 Preliminary assessment of new aid16.5 Review of existing aid16.6 Preliminary assessment of unlawful aid and misuse of aid16.7 Formal investigation procedure16.8 Ex post controls17 Recovery of Unlawful Aid17.1 Suspension and recovery of unlawful aid17.2 Decisions ordering recovery of unlawful aid17.3 Infringement proceedings against Member States18 Enforcement of State aid law in National Court Proceedings18.1 State aid law in national court proceedings18.2 Direct effect of EU State aid law18.3 Challenges to validity of EU State aid decisions18.4 Recovery of unlawful aid18.5 Actions for restitution and damagesPart IV JUDICIAL REVIEW OF EU STATE AID DECISIONS19 Judicial Review of EU Decisions: Admissibility19.1 Actions for annulment of EU decisions19.2 Reviewable acts19.3 Reviewable decisions on State aid19.4 Review of failure to act19.5 Applicant's interest in judicial review proceedings19.6 Direct and individual concern19.7 Limitation periods for commencing proceedings20 Judicial Review of EU Decisions: Substance20.1 Grounds of review20.2 Review of the Commission's assessment20.3 Statement of reasons20.4 Consequences of annulment20.5 Interim reliefPart V FOREIGN AND UK SUBSIDY CONTROL21 Subsidy Control and Third Countries21.1 Subsidy control and international agreements21.2 EU foreign subsidies regulation22 Subsidy Control in the UK22.1 UK Withdrawal Agreement22.2 EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement22.2 UK Subsidy Control Act 2022Index