Title page
Contents
PREFACE 4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 5
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS 7
I. INTRODUCTION 8
II. LINKING BIODIVERSITY MONITORING TO ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY 9
A. LINKING BIODIVERSITY MONITORING TO NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGIES AND ACTION PLANS 9
B. ORIENTATING NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY MONITORING TOWARDS THE 2030 AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABLE... 10
C. HARMONIZING NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY MONITORING WITH THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY FRAMEWORK 10
D. INTEGRATING BIODIVERSITY MONITORING WITH COMMITMENTS UNDER OTHER BIODIVERSITY-RELATED MULTILATERAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS 11
E. REALIZING SYNERGIES BETWEEN NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY MONITORING SYSTEMS AND ECOSYSTEM ACCOUNTING WITHIN THE SYSTEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL... 11
F. LINKING BIODIVERSITY MONITORING WITH CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION POLICIES 12
G. TARGET SETTING 12
H. USE OF BIODIVERSITY MONITORING DATA IN POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION 13
III. MODERNIZING AND UPGRADING NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY MONITORING AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS 15
A. DEVELOPMENT OF CONSISTENT CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS FOR NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY MONITORING SYSTEMS 15
B. APPLICATION OF AVAILABLE INTERNATIONAL GUIDANCE, STANDARDS AND GOOD PRACTICE IN BIODIVERSITY MONITORING 15
C. PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICAL STEPWISE APPROACH TO SETTING UP OR UPGRADING NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY MONITORING SYSTEMS 18
D. INDICATOR SETS, MONITORING GRIDS AND FREQUENCY 19
E. DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT IN SUPPORT OF BIODIVERSITY MONITORING 20
F. DEVELOPMENT OF EFFECTIVE INSTITUTIONAL SET-UPS FOR BIODIVERSITY MONITORING 23
G. RESOURCING AND COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY MONITORING SYSTEMS 24
IV. IMPROVING COORDINATION OF BIODIVERSITY MONITORING 26
A. IMPROVED COORDINATION BETWEEN STATE AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED IN BIODIVERSITY MONITORING 26
B. STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL, INCLUDING SUBREGIONAL, COOPERATION ON BIODIVERSITY MONITORING 28
Boxes
Box 1. The DPSIR framework for environmental indicators 16
Box 2. Biodiversity and biodiversity-related indicators from the ECE Guidelines for the Application of Environmental Indicators and related documents 21
Box 3. Ecosystem level biodiversity indicators developed by the Streamlined European Biodiversity Indicators initiative 22
Box 4. Biodiversity monitoring in Switzerland as an example of a centrally led collaborative biodiversity monitoring network 23
Box 5. The CORINE Land Cover Inventory as an example of a remote sensing-based land cover inventory and monitoring system 25
Box 6. The National Biodiversity Network of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and its Biological Records Centre as an example of strong... 27