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Title Page
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Contents
CHAPTER I. Enhancement of LPA₁ accumulation by over-expression of LPA₄ gene in the neocortical TR neuroblast cells 10
INTRODUCTION 11
MATERIALS AND METHODS 13
Materials 13
Cell Culture 13
Isolation of total RNA and Real-time reverse transcription PCR 13
Transient Transfection 14
Isolation of total Protein and Western Blot Analysis 14
Immnocytochemistry(ICC) 15
RESULTS 16
Expression pattern of LPA receptors gene in the mouse tissues and TR cells 16
LPA₁expression of TR cells was increased by LPA in a time- and dose-dependent manner 17
Over-expression of LPA₁up-regulates LPA-induced LPA₁ clustering 19
DISCUSSION 25
ABSTRACT 27
ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 28
CHAPTER II. Over-expression of LPA₁ downstream gene, IMCL-1, affects apoptosis in the developing mouse hippocampus 29
INTRODUCTION 30
MATERIALS AND METHODS 32
Cell Culture 32
Animals and Tissue Preparation 32
Expression Construct Sub-cloning 32
In Vitro Transient Transfection 33
Isolation of total Protein and Western Blot 33
RNA extraction and Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction 34
Preparation of Brain Sections 35
In Situ Hybridization(ISH) 35
In Vitro Transfection using In Utero Electroporation 36
Immunohistochemistry(IHC) 37
RESULTS 38
Expression of Mcl-1 gene during mouse brain development 38
Mcl-1 mainly expreesed in the cortex and hippocampus of lateral embryo and postnatal mice. 39
Validation of Mcl-1 gene construct in TR cells. 39
Over-expression of Mcl-1 in the developing hippocampus 40
Over-expression of Mcl-1 has not morphological effect at the hippocampus developing stage. 42
Mcl-1 partially regulates apoptosis during developing hippocampus in the brain 42
Over-expression of Mcl-1 affects proliferation of hippocampal progenitor cells 43
Over-expression of Mcl-1 has not affects neural differentiation during hippocampus development 43
Over-expression of Mcl-1 enhanced expression of glia in the dentate gyrus(DG) of developing Hippocampus 44
DISCUSSION 58
ABSTRACT 61
ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 62
REFERENCE 63
Figure 1-1. Gene expression pattern o f LPA receptors 20
Figure 1-2. LPA₁time-dependently increased in the neocortical neuroblast TR cells 21
Figure 1-3. Extracellular LPA stimulated LPA₁ clustering in the TR cells 22
Figure 1-4. Endogeneous LPA₁ clustering has been increased by LPA₄ in the neocortical neuroblast TR cells 24
Figure 2-1. Expression of Mcl-1 mRNA during the mouse brain 45
Figure 2-2. Expression pattern of Mcl-1 in the developing mouse brain 47
Figure 2-3. Validation o f the vector containing the Mcl-1 gene 48
Figure 2-4. Diagram of In Utero Electroporation methods into the developing mouse hippocampus 49
Figure 2-5. Over-expression of Mcl-1 has not morphological effect of developing hippocampus at the E18.5 50
Figure 2-6. In vivo over-expression of Mcl-1 partially decrease cell death during hippocampus development 52
Figure 2-7. Over-expression of Mcl-1 affects proliferation of precusor population in the developing hippocampus 53
Figure 2-8. Mcl-1 does not affect neural differentiation during initiate hippocampal development stage 55
Figure 2-9. Over-expression of Mcl-1 enhance glia expression in the dentate gyrus region of hippocampus 57
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