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Abstract 6

제1장 서론 14

1.1. 연구배경 및 목적 14

1.2. 연구지역의 해양환경 16

제2장 연구자료 획득 및 방법 20

2.1. 고해상도 탄성파 탐사 20

2.2. 시료 채취 20

2.3. 해저면 온도 분포 29

2.4. 실내 실험 30

2.4.1. 입도 분석 30

2.4.2. 연엑스선 촬영 31

2.4.3. 퇴적물의 물리적 특성 측정 31

2.4.4. 퇴적물의 음향특성 측정 32

2.4.5. 퇴적물의 현장 음파전달속도 보정 34

제3장 울릉분지 남서해역 표층 퇴적물의 지음향 모델 37

3.1. 서론 37

3.2. 결과 39

3.2.1. 표층 퇴적물의 조직 특성 39

3.2.2. 표층 퇴적물의 물성 및 음향특성 45

3.3. 고찰 52

3.3.1. 표층 퇴적물의 조직, 물성 및 음향특성 52

3.3.2. 음향특성에 따른 연구지역 세분화 54

3.3.3. 지음향 모델 제시 62

3.4. 결론 64

제4장 울릉분지 남서해역 표층 퇴적물의 물성간의 상관관계 65

4.1. 서론 65

4.2. 결과 및 고찰 66

4.2.1. 각 물성간의 상관관계 66

4.3. 결론 77

제5장 울릉분지 남서해역 천부퇴적물의 퇴적환경 78

5.1. 서론 78

5.2. 결과 80

5.2.1. 퇴적층서 발달특성 80

5.2.2. 퇴적물의 조직, 물성 및 음향특성 84

5.3. 고찰 115

5.3.1. 울릉분지 남서해역의 퇴적환경 115

5.3.2. 탄성파 특성과 지음향 구역의 비교 120

5.4. 결론 124

제6장 종합결론 126

참고문헌 128

요약 139

Appendix 143

List of Tables

Table 2-1. Location of coring sites, water depth, core length, and core type (P: piston corer, B: box corer) for this study 23

Table 3-1. Sediment texture and physical and acoustic properties of fourprovinces (I, II, III, and IV) based on the laboratory velocity data 56

Table 3-2. Sediment texture and physical and acoustic properties of fiveprovinces (IA, IB, II, III and IV) based on the in situ velocity data 60

Table 3-3. Geoacoustic model for the surficial sediment of the fiveprovinces (IA, IB, II, III, and IV) based on the in situ velocity data 63

Table 5-1. Line drawing of echo characters investigated in the study area 83

List of Figures

Fig. 1-1. Map of the southwestern part of Ulleung Basin (Submarine topographic map from Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Administration) 17

Fig. 1-2. Schematic map of the regional circulation around the Korea Peninsula (modified after Zheng and Klemas, 1982) 18

Fig. 1-3. Distribution of surface sediment types (modified after Choi and Park, 1993) 19

Fig. 2-1. High-resolution seismic track lines of the study area. Datasource is indicated in the legend. Thick lines show interpreted seismic section in the denoted figures 21

Fig. 2-2. Location of core samples acquired in the study area 22

Fig. 2-3. Location of CTD stations. Circles indicate the CTD stations received by KIOST. Stars mean the CTD stations obtained by NFRDI. Squares represent the CTD stations received by professor Lee. Triangles... 29

Fig. 2-4. Schematic diagram of automated velocity measurement technique 33

Fig. 2-5. Temperature (℃) distribution at seafloor 35

Fig. 2-6. Bathymetry and schematic circulation pattern of the Korea Straitand neighboring sea. TWC and KSBCW denote the Tsushima WarmCurrent and the Korea Strait bottom cold water. Depths are in meters (modified after Cho and Kim, 2000) 36

Fig. 3-1. Mean grain size (Φ) distribution in surficial sediments 40

Fig. 3-2. Sand content (%) distribution in surficial sediments 41

Fig. 3-3. Silt content (%) distribution in surficial sediments 43

Fig. 3-4. Clay content (%) distribution in surficial sediments 44

Fig. 3-5. Porosity (%) distribution in surficial sediments 46

Fig. 3-6. Water content (%) distribution in surficial sediments 47

Fig. 3-7. Bulk density (g/cm³) distribution in surficial sediments 48

Fig. 3-8. Laboratory velocity (m/s) distribution in surficial sediments 50

Fig. 3-9. In situ velocity (m/s) distribution in surficial sedimentscorrected by temperature effects using Kim et al. (2004)'s averagevalue of fluid mud 51

Fig. 3-10. Geoacoustic provinces (I, II, III, and IV) of study area basedon the laboratory velocity data 55

Fig. 3-11. Geoacoustic provinces (IA, IB, II, III and IV) of study area based on the in situ velocity data determined under ambient condition. 59

Fig. 4-1. Velocity (m/s) vs. porosity (%) using geoacoustic provincesbased on laboratory velocity data. Hamilton (1970)'s data are plotted simultaneously 67

Fig. 4-2. Velocity (m/s) vs. porosity (%) using geoacoustic provincesbased on in situ velocity data. Hamilton (1970)'s data are plotted simultaneously 69

Fig. 4-3. Velocity (m/s) vs. bulk density (g/㎤) using geoacoustic provinces based on in situ velocity data. Hamilton (1970)' data are plotted simultaneously 70

Fig. 4-4. Velocity (m/s) vs. mean grain size (Φ) using geoacoustic provinces based on in situ velocity data. Hamilton (1970)'s data are plotted simultaneously 72

Fig. 4-5. Velocity (m/s) vs. clay content (%) using geoacoustic provinces based on in situ velocity data. Hamilton (1970)'s data are plotted simultaneously 73

Fig. 4-6. Porosity (%) vs. mean grain size (Φ) using geoacoustic provinces based on in situ velocity data. Hamilton (1970)'s data are plotted simultaneously 75

Fig. 4-7. Bulk density (g/cm³) vs. Mean grain size (Φ) using geoacoustic provinces based on in situ velocity data. Hamilton (1970)'s data are plotted simultaneously 76

Fig. 5-1. High-resolution chirp profile (Line 11) and line drawing showing three seismic units (Unit A1, Unit A2, and Unit B). Track lines are indicated in the Figure 2-1 81

Fig. 5-2. High-resolution chirp profile (Line 12) showing Unit A1 andUnit A2. Track lines and core locations are indicated in the Figures 2-1 and 2-2 82

Fig. 5-3. High-resolution chirp profile (Line 09) showing Unit A1 and Unit B. Track lines and core locations are indicated in the Figures 2-1 and 2-2 82

Fig. 5-4. Vertical description and X-ray images of the cores in the inner shelf. Circles indicate burrow holes. BM: bioturbated mud; HM: homogeneous mud; MS: massive sand 85

Fig. 5-5. Vertical description and X-ray images of the cores in the outer shelf. MS: massive sand; BSM: bioturbated sandy mud; BMS: bioturbated massive sand; BM: bioturbated mud 87

Fig. 5-6. Vertical description and X-ray images of the cores on the boundary of inner shelf and outer shelf. BM: bioturbated mud; BS: bioturbated sand; BSM: bioturbated sandy mud; MS: massive sand; BMS: bioturbated massive sand 89

Fig. 5-7. Vertical description and X-ray images or photograph of the cores in the slope of Ulleung Basin. BM: bioturbated mud; SL: sand layer; TL: tephra layer; HM: homogeneous mud; LM: laminated mud 91

Fig. 5-8. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of 10MAP-P53 in the inner shelf 93

Fig. 5-9. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of 11MAP-PP01 in the inner shelf 94

Fig. 5-10. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of ULSAN in the inner shelf 96

Fig. 5-11. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of 10MAP-P29 in the outer shelf 98

Fig. 5-12. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of 10MAP-P30 in the outer shelf 99

Fig. 5-13. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of 10MAP-P50 in the outer shelf 100

Fig. 5-14. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of 11MAP-PP07 on the boundary of inner shelf and outer shelf 102

Fig. 5-15. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of 10MAP-P22 on the boundary of inner shelf and outer shelf 104

Fig. 5-16. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of 10MAP-P23 on the boundary of inner shelf and outer shelf 105

Fig. 5-17. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of 10MAP-P51 on the boundary of inner shelf and outer shelf 107

Fig. 5-18. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of 10MAP-P52A on the boundary of inner shelf and outer shelf 108

Fig. 5-19. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of 11MAP-PP02 on the boundary of inner shelf and outer shelf 109

Fig. 5-20. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of 10MAP-P58 in the slope of the Ulleung Basin 111

Fig. 5-21. Profiles of physical and acoustic properties and texture of 10MAP-P66 in the slope of the Ulleung Basin 113

Fig. 5-22. Sea-level curves in the Korea Strait during the late Quaternary (modified after Suk, 1989; Min, 1994) 116

Fig. 5-23. Comparison of geoacoustic provinces (IA, IB, II, III and IV) and seismic units (Unit A1, Unit A2, Unit B and pre-Holocene deposit) using piston core data 121

Fig. 5-24. Regional distribution of sedimentary facies in the Korea Strait. I: mud or mud-sand mixed facies in the inner shelf; II: gravelly sand or sand facies in the trough; III: gravelly sand or muddy sand facies in the trough; IV: sandy mud facies in the northeastern part of the mid-shelf (modified after Park and Yoo... 122