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Title Page
초록
Abstract
Contents
Chapter 1. Introduction 12
Chapter 2. Materials & Methods 16
Chapter 3. Results 25
3.1. PI4P is an inner-leaflet lipid in microdomains on the plasma membrane of PC12 cells 25
3.1.1. PI4P is plasma membrane lipid in PC12 cells 25
3.1.2. Plasma membrane PI4P is generated by PI4K type IIIα 25
3.1.3. PI4P is concentrated in microdomainsat inner-leaflet of the plasma membrane 31
3.2. PI4P is required for syntaxin 1 microdomain formation in PC12 cells 35
3.2.1. Partial overlap of syntaxin1 and PI4P microdomains 35
3.2.2. Removal of PI4P reduces syntaxin1 clustering in PC12 cells. 35
3.3. The interaction of plasma membrane PI4P with SYT1-C2B is important for vesicle docking. 42
3.3.1. The C2B domain from SYT1 strongly binds to PI4P independently of Ca2+(이미지참조) 42
3.3.2. SYT1-mediated vesicle dockingis regulated by PI4P 49
3.4. Plasma membrane PI4P is required for SLP4-mediated vesicle docking 52
3.4.1. SLP4 is effector of Rab3A and Rab27A on secretory vesicles. 52
3.4.2. SLP4 is targeted to the plasma membrane through its C2A domain 52
3.4.3. The C2A domain from SLP4 binds to both PI4P and PI(4,5)P₂ 59
3.4.4. PI4P is required for SLP4-mediated vesicle docking 62
4. Discussion 66
Chapter 4. Conclusion 68
Bibliography 69
Fig. 1. Subcellular localization of phosphoinositide species. 14
Fig. 2. Distribution of phosphoinositide in in nerve terminals. 15
Fig. 3. Schematic for inter-molecular FRET assay to visualize plasma membrane-localized... 27
Fig. 4. PI4P is plasma membrane lipids in PC12 cells. 28
Fig. 5. Removal of plasma membrane PI4P with the PI4KIIIα inhibitor A1. 29
Fig. 6. Plasma membrane PI4P is generated by PI4KIIIα in PC12 cells. 30
Fig. 7. Comparison of conventional TIRM and TIRM-SIM image. 32
Fig. 8. Preparation of membrane sheets of PC12 cells. 33
Fig. 9. TIRF-SIM image of stained PI4P in a membrane sheet. 34
Fig. 10. Part of plasma membrane PI4P is co-localized with syntaxin 1 clusters in PC12 cells. 36
Fig. 11. Selective depletion of plasma membrane PI4P and plasma membrane PI(4,5)P₂. 37
Fig. 12. Removal of plasma membrane PI4P reduces fluorescence signals from stained syntaxin 1 on... 38
Fig. 13. Plasma membrane PI4P is required for syntaxin 1 microdomain formation. 40
Fig. 14. Removal of plasma membrane reduced the puncta density of syntaxin 1. 41
Fig. 15. Pseudojanin (PJ), a fusion of sac and INPP5E phosphatase domains. 43
Fig. 16. Schematic for the depletion of PI4P by rapamycin-induced PJ-Sac recruitment to plasma... 44
Fig. 17. Lipid modulating system for selectively depleting plasma membrane PI4P and plasma membrane... 45
Fig. 18. SYT1-C2B binds both PI4P and PI(4,5)P₂ at the plasma membrane. 46
Fig. 19. Treatment of A1 compound caused to dissociation of SYT1-C2B from the plasma membrane. 47
Fig. 20. Ca2+ in RB does not affect the Ca2+-independent binding of SYT1-C2Bto plasma membrane PI4P...(이미지참조) 48
Fig. 21. Schematic of single-vesicle docking assay performed with Dil-labeled and unlabeled vesicles. 50
Fig. 22. Single-vesicle docking assays were performed to count PI4P-containing t-vesicles docking on a PEG... 51
Fig. 23. Localization and function of Rab GTPases. 53
Fig. 24. Co-localization of SLP4 and synaptic vesicles in rat hippocampal neurons. 54
Fig. 25. Localization of six SLP deletion constructs. 55
Fig. 26. Co-localization of SLP4-RBD with Rab3 A and Rab27Ain PC12 cells. 56
Fig. 27. Co-localization of SLP4 deletion constructs with a plasma membrane marker in PC12 cells. 57
Fig. 28. SLP4-C2A interacts with both PI4P and PI(4,5)P₂ at the plasma membrane. 60
Fig. 29. Treatment of A1 compound caused to dissociation of SLP4-C2A from the plasma membrane. 61
Fig. 30. Recruitment of cytosolic Munc18-1 to the plasma membrane is dependent on SLP4-C2A. 63
Fig. 31. Effect of the deletion of plasma membrane PI4P and plasma membrane PI(4,5)P₂ on SLP4-mediated... 64
Fig. 32. Depletion of docked vesicles from the plasma membrane by removal of both plasma membrane... 65
Fig. 33. Schematic showing a model of vesicle docking mediated by SYT1 and SLP4 at PI4P/PI(4,5)P₂... 67
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