표제지

목차

제1장 서론 10

제1절 연구의 배경 및 목적 10

1. 연구의 배경 10

2. 연구의 목적 12

제2절 연구의 범위 및 방법 13

1. 연구 범위 13

2. 연구의 방법 14

제2장 이론적 고찰 16

제1절 현행 부동산 거래제도 16

1. 부동산의 거래 16

2. 매매와 임대차 17

3. 부동산 중개와 서면중개계약 20

제2절 전자계약시스템(Intergrated Real Estate Trade Support System) 22

1. 의의와 적용기술 22

2. 전자계약 체결절차 23

3. 전자계약서 진행단계 별 결과확인 25

제3절 블록체인(Blockchain) 28

1. 블록체인 일반이론 28

2. 블록체인 2.0 45

3. 블록체인 관련 법·제도 53

4. 하이퍼레저 패브릭(Hyperledger Fabric) 57

제4절 선행연구 검토와 차별성 69

1. 선행연구 검토 69

2. 선행연구와의 차별성 73

제3장 블록체인 기반의 부동산거래시스템 74

제1절 모델시스템의 필요성 74

제2절 부동산 관련 블록체인의 적용사례 78

1. 국내 사례 78

2. 국외 사례 79

제3절 부동산거래 모델시스템 구축과 운용 88

1. 모델시스템의 구조 88

2. 모델시스템의 작동절차 91

3. 모델시스템 운용 99

제4절 모델시스템 적용의 가능성 109

1. 적용 평가 109

2. 적용 가능성 112

제4장 실증분석 114

제1절 분석 방법 114

1. 연구모형 114

2. 연구 방법 115

제2절 블록체인 관련 인지도 119

1. 연구 표본의 특성 119

2. 블록체인 관련 통계분석 120

제3절 모델시스템의 도입 필요성 124

1. 블록체인에 의한 one-stop 거래방식 필요성 여부 124

2. 블록체인 기반 부동산거래 방식의 사용의사 여부 125

3. 블록체인 필요 시 개선되어야 할 선행조건과 제도 125

제4절 효과 분석 128

1. 부동산 거래의 안전성 128

2. 부동산 거래의 경제성 129

3. 부동산 거래의 투명·보안성 131

4. 부동산 거래의 신속·효율성 132

제5장 결론 133

제1절 요약 및 시사점 133

제2절 연구의 한계와 향후 과제 136

참고 문헌 137

설문지 143

ABSTRACT 150

〈표 2-1〉 부동산거래의 범위 17

〈표 2-2〉 블록체인의 발전과정 30

〈표 2-3〉 블록체인의 유형과 특징 33

〈표 2-4〉 블록체인의 특징 37

〈표 2-5〉 합의 알고리즘 39

〈표 2-6〉 블록체인 과정의 분류 45

〈표 2-7〉 대표적인 블록체인의 장·단점 비교 46

〈표 2-8〉 전통적인 계약과 스마트 컨트랙트 비교 51

〈표 2-9〉 하이퍼레저 패브릭과 다른 블록체인 비교 61

〈표 2-10〉 하이퍼레저 패브릭 블록의 구성 65

〈표 2-11〉 블록체인과 부동산거래 관련 선행연구 72

〈표 3-1〉 현행 시스템과 제안 모델시스템 비교 75

〈표 3-2〉 스마트 컨트랙트 기능 면에서의 블록체인 비교 76

〈표 3-3〉 부동산거래에 각국의 블록체인 도입정도. (2019년 5월 기준) 79

〈표 4-1〉 통계 변수요인 116

〈표 4-2〉 통계를 위한 설문지 내용 117

〈표 4-3〉 설문 대상자의 인구사회학적 특성 119

〈표 4-4〉 블록체인 특성 순위 120

〈표 4-5〉 부동산거래에 블록체인 적용 시 특성의 영향 121

〈표 4-6〉 블록체인의 최대적용 산업분야 123

〈표 4-7〉 블록체인기반 one-stop 거래시스템의 필요성 여부 124

〈표 4-8〉 블록체인 기반 부동산거래시스템의 사용의사 여부 125

〈표 4-9〉 블록체인의 정착을 위한 선행조건 126

〈표 4-10〉 블록체인을 적용 시 개선되어야 할 제도 127

〈표 4-11〉 안전성의 분산분석과 모델적용의 효과 128

〈표 4-12〉 경제성의 분산분석과 모델적용의 효과 130

〈표 4-13〉 투명·보안성의 분산분석과 모델적용의 효과 131

〈표 4-14〉 신속·효율성의 분산분석과 모델적용의 효과 132

 Blockchain has emerged as the foundation technology of Bitcoin, but due to the destructive advantages of blockchain that 'the technology-based trust can replace the role of the existing third party trust organization', the 4th Industrial Revolution It is recognized as one of the most important transformation factors.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the five important properties of blockchain, namely, decentralization, joint information, transaction traceability, scalability, and transaction openness, affect the application of blockchain technology to real estate transactions. And if there is an impact, When creating a blockchain-based model system and applying it to real estate transactions, we study whether the safety of transactions, economics of transactions, transparency and security, speed and efficiency are effective, and also analyze the results with statistics.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the applicability of the model system and to provide some help in providing a safe, economical and convenient one-stop real estate service.

The study was conducted from June to August 2019 as the time range of the survey, and the spatial range was Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, and the Korea Internet & Security Agency (KISA) Technical Support Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea Communications Industry Promotion Agency (NIPA), and the Kyonggi Institute of Economic Research, Pangyo, Gyeonggi-do. The survey was conducted on 60 ICT experts who participated in the professional education curriculum and Development and 50 business owners who are operating real estate brokerages in Dongtan, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do.

The scope of this paper is as follows.

First, although there are various types of real estate transactions, this paper focuses on the sale and lease transactions, and compares and analyzes the current written contract method, electronic contract system, and blockchain-based real estate transaction model system.

Second, we empirically analyze the application of blockchain technology to real estate transactions and propose a model system for real estate sales and lease transactions using Hyperledger Fabric technology.

Third, the experiment environment will be created by demonstrating the operation of the model as an example, and the applicability of the model system will be reviewed by verifying the safety, economics, transparency, security, speed and efficiency of the real estate transaction along with the survey statistics. and find directions for the future.

The paper consists of five chapters: Introduction, theoretical review, blockchain-based real estate transaction model system, empirical analysis, and conclusion.

In conclusion:

First, regarding the safety of transactions, the empirical analysis shows that the safety of transactions (β＝0.24, P＝0.015) has a positive result. The more the transaction is used, the higher the safety of real estate transactions. Even in the application effect of the model system, the transaction record is automatically stored in the blockchain and database (World state DB) by the operation of the chaincode (the function of the smart contract), so there is no problem of default. It is secured by being distributed and stored by Distributed Ledger.

Second, with regard to the economic effect, the empirical analysis showed that the economic efficiency of the transaction (β＝0.268, P＝0.006) had a positive result. the more the blockchain-based model system is used for real estate transactions, the higher the economic efficiency in real estate transactions. Even in the effects of the model system, one-stop method combines each institution into one channel and processes them in parallel with chaincode (smart contract method), so there is no need to submit a lot of documents for real estate sale, registration and loan. This can reduce economic and social costs both individually and nationally, and the economics of time and money due to the application of the model system are a great advantage over the current real estate transaction system.

Third, in the empirical analysis, the empirical analysis showed that the transparency of the transaction (β＝0.207 P＝0.036) had a positive result. the more the blockchain-based model system is used for real estate transactions, the higher the transparency and security of real estate transactions. The application of the model system does not require the participants personal information, the participants are limited, and transactions can be made anonymously as well as real names, ensuring privacy in the matter of privacy protection.

Fourth, when applying blockchain-based model system to real estate transaction, there was no significant positive effect on rapid efficiency. This is the result of questionnaire respondents who think that processing speed is bitcoin of one processing every 10 minutes or Ethereum of 15-20 TPS (Transaction Per Second). However, the real estate transaction model system of this paper is based on a Hyperledger Fabric blockchain with a processing speed of 100,000 TPS, and only a small number of stakeholder nodes participate in the processing speed, and it is possible to process a large amount of nation wide processing.

Fifth, as a result of empirical analysis of how the characteristics of the blockchain affect how much when applying the blockchain to real estate transactions, the openness of the blockchain (β＝0.220, P＝0.026) is that It has been shown to have a positive effect on the blockchain application. Comparing the size of the standardization coefficients, the trade openness (β＝0.220), co-information (β＝0.171), decentralization (β＝0.169), and transaction tracking It was derived in the order of gender (β＝0.167) and scalability (β＝0.025), and it was verified that the characteristics of the openness of the transaction had the greatest influence on the application of the blockchain.

we compared the current written contract method, electronic contract system method, and blockchain-based model system in terms of transaction safety, economics, transparency and security, and speed and efficiency. We compared the one-stop model system with many advantages.