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Title Page
Contents
Abstract 12
요약 13
Chapter Ⅰ. Introduction 14
1. Backgrounds and Objectives 15
2. Thesis structure 17
3. Terminology 18
Chapter Ⅱ. Preliminaries 19
1. Quantum Information 19
1.1. Qubits 19
1.2. Information entropy 20
1.3. Classical system: mutual information 20
1.4. Quantum system: entanglement entropy 21
1.5. Local projective measurement and classical remainders 22
2. Quantum Computing 23
2.1. General process on quantum computing 23
2.2. Linear optical quantum computing 24
Chapter Ⅲ. Classical and quantum information in bipartite system 33
1. Introduction 35
2. Correlation between C and I 36
2.1. Approximating the complex coefficients of wavefunction 36
2.2. Numerical approach of MI and QE 37
3. Analysis of I(C) 39
4. Multi-qubit systems with ℓ > 2 41
5. Summary and discussion 43
Chapter Ⅳ. Software Platform for Linear Optical Quantum Computing 45
1. Introduction 45
2. LOQC Software Platform 48
2.1. Overall structure 48
2.2. Decomposer 49
2.3. Mapper 51
2.4. Controller 53
3. Use case: Bell-state generation 57
4. Summary and Discussion 59
Chapter Ⅴ. Conclusion 63
Appendices 65
A. List of Contributions 65
A.1. Publications 65
A.2. Talks in Conference 65
B. Derivation of Eq. (2.14) from the definition of QE 66
C. Mutual information when 68
D. Full calcuation of MZI unitary matrix 69
E. Linear transformation of one MZI 70
Bibliography 71
Figure Ⅱ.1. (a) An quantum circuit representation for arbitrary unitary operation U. A qubit prepared on the state |Ψ₀〉 evolves to state |Ψ₁〉 from... 26
Figure Ⅱ.2. Implementation of one-qubit gates in LOQC. 28
Figure Ⅱ.3. Implementation of two-qubit gates in LOQC. 30
Figure Ⅱ.4. (a) Staggered MZI network by Clements et al.. (b) Triangle MZI network by Reck et al.. 32
Figure Ⅲ.1. Schematic diagram of this work. 34
Figure Ⅲ.2. (a) Histogram h(C, I) ≡ p(C, I)△C△I with △C = △I = 10⁻², obtained from an ensemble of N = 2 x 10⁹ pure states, where the coefficients are... 37
Figure Ⅲ.3. Conditional PDF's obtained from Fig. III.2. 38
Figure Ⅲ.4. Mutual information I(α;△) [Eq. (3.15)] as a function of α at different values of △ ≡ α-β. I have chosen △ = 0.1π, 0.2π, and 0.4π to obtain... 41
Figure Ⅲ.5. A four-qubit system (ℓ = 4) divided into two sections (ℓA = ℓB = 2). (a) Histogram h(E, I) ≡ p(E, I)△E△I with △E = △I = 10⁻²,...[이미지참조] 42
Figure Ⅲ.6. Histogram h(E, I) for (a) ℓ = 2ℓA = 6 and (b) ℓ = 2ℓA = 8. The simulation parameters are the same as in Fig. III.5 (a).[이미지참조] 43
Figure Ⅳ.1. Overall software structure and module diagrams of LOQC. 46
Figure Ⅳ.2. Decomposition flow on LOQC. 50
Figure Ⅳ.3. Mapper flow on LOQC. 52
Figure Ⅳ.4. Controller flow on LOQC. 54
Figure Ⅳ.5. Hardware data flow in LOQC. 56
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