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This paper explores the ways in which miscarriages of justice urge readers to critique juridical reason on the basis of the transactions of moral sentiments, focusing on William Godwin’s novel, Caleb Williams (1794). Godwin’s work presents the possibility of rectifying the failure of justice with the limited and yet forceful performance of sympathy for Caleb Williams. The novel foregrounds the question of inequity between Caleb and his victimizer, Ferdinando Falkland. In particular, class and economic inequity intensifies the unequal distribution of justice. Narrated in the first person, the novel elaborates upon the contradictions of the law that conspires to shore up the established social order by playing on the limitations of the narrator’s perspective. Seemingly transparent, the first-person narrative serves to reveal the very opacity of legal and ethical judgment. Insofar as the law entails power, the novel reveals the corruptibility of juridical institutions as opposed to justice, which always remains yet to be realized in Jacques Derrida’s sense. Caleb Williams shows the ways in which the law defers political justice and consequently undermines its foundation, even as it circulates the excess of feelings such as resentment, sympathy, frustration, guilt, anxiety, of not only Caleb but also Falkland. Sympathy serves as a useful vehicle for the protagonist to elicit poetic justice from readers, however limited it may be. Bearing witness to the repeated failures of serving justice, readers must rely on their own private judgment and attempt to recuperate justice outside of the text. Nonetheless, the moral value of sympathy is equivocal as Caleb’s sympathy for Falkland accounts for his uncontrollable curiosity about the impenetrableness of the latter’s mind and thus blurs the borderline of criminality. Yet, regardless of his predicament as an object of constant surveillance and social injustices, Caleb proves his moral superiority and consequently asserts his independence though his private judgment not because of his triumph at the court, but by maintaining his capacity of feeling sympathy for his victimizer. Therefore, Godwin’s novel challenges Enlightenment rationalism that precludes moral sentiments, thus highlighting the instability and limitations that both the legal institutions and the narrative technique entail. Godwin demands his readers to maintain a critical distance from the dominant ideology of justice and morality, questioning the violence of legal rhetoric and the autonomy of private judgment that the novel endorses.

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톰슨의 도덕적 비전과 시 구조의 문제 : 『사계절』의「겨울」을 중심으로 배경진 pp.33-65

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Contagious Texts : Digression and Repetition as Antidote in Defoe's A Journal of the Plague Year Ja Yun Choi pp.67-99

The Moral of Exemplar History and the Predicaments of the Domestic Individual in Sarah Scott's The History of Sir George Ellison Sungho Lee pp.101-138

Miscarriages of Justice and Transactions of Moral Sentiments in Godwin's Caleb Williams Mikyung Park pp.139-172

Anthony Munday's Metropolitan Communality in The Survey of London Hyewon Ryu pp.173-202

참고문헌 (18건) : 자료제공( 네이버학술정보 )

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번호 참고문헌 국회도서관 소장유무
1 ``Extraordinary and dangerous powers'': Prisons, Police, and Literature in Godwin's Caleb Williams 네이버 미소장
2 Bender, John. Ends of Enlightenment. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2012. 미소장
3 Brewer, William Dean. The Mental Anatomies of William Godwin and Mary Shelley. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh-Dickinson UP, 2001. 미소장
4 Campbell, Tom D. Law and Enlightenment in Britain. Aberdeen: Aberdeen UP, 1990. 미소장
5 Caputo, John D., ed. Deconstruction in a Nutshell: A Conversation with Jacques Derrida. New York: Fordham UP, 1996. 미소장
6 Chaplin, Sue. The Gothic and the Rule of Law, 1764-1820. Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. 미소장
7 Clemit, Pamela. The Godwinian Novel: The Rational Fictions of Godwin, Brockden Brown and Mary Shelley. Oxford: Clarendon, 1993. 미소장
8 Derrida, Jacques. “Force of Law: The ‘Mystical Foundations of Authority’.” Deconstruction and the Possibility of Justice. Trans. Mary Quaintance. Eds. Drucilla Cornell, Michel Rosenfeld, and David Gray Carlson. New York and London: Routledge, 1992. 3-67. 미소장
9 Foucault, Michel. Discipline & Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Trans. Alan Sheridan. New York: Vintage, 1995. 미소장
10 Gladfelder, Hal. Criminality and Narrative in Eighteenth-Century England: Beyond the Law. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 2001. 미소장
11 Godwin, William. An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice and Its Influence on Modern Morals and Happiness. Ed. Isaac Kramnick. New York: Penguin, 1985. 미소장
12 Godwin, William. Things as They Are, or The Adventures of Caleb Williams. New York: Norton, 1977. 미소장
13 Hay, Douglas. “Property, Authority and the Criminal Law.” Albion’s Fatal Tree: Crime and Society in Eighteenth-Century England. New York: Pantheon, 1975. 17-63. 미소장
14 Reading Justice: From Derrida to Shelley and Back 네이버 미소장
15 Imagining "Things as They Are" 네이버 미소장
16 Rajan, Tilottama. “The Scene of Judgment: Trial and Confession in Caleb Williams and Other Fiction.” Romantic Narrative: Shelley, Hays, Godwin, Wollstonecraft. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 2010. 117-43. 미소장
17 Patrician Society, Plebeian Culture 네이버 미소장
18 "The Subject of Detection": Legal Rhetoric and Subjectivity in Caleb Williams 네이버 미소장

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