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Purpose: Few studies have reported on predicting prognosis using myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) during coronary artery disease (CAD) treatment. Therefore, we aimed to assess the clinical implications of myocardial perfusion SPECT during follow-up for CAD treatment.

Materials and Methods: We enrolled 1153 patients who had abnormal results at index SPECT and underwent follow-up SPECT at intervals ≥6 months. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were compared in overall and 346 patient pairs after propensity-score (PS) matching.

Results: Abnormal SPECT was associated with a significantly higher risk of MACE in comparison with normal SPECT over the median of 6.3 years (32.3% vs. 19.8%; unadjusted p<0.001). After PS matching, abnormal SPECT posed a higher risk of MACE [32.1% vs. 19.1%; adjusted hazard ratio (HR)=1.73; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.27–2.34; p<0.001] than normal SPECT. After PS matching, the risk of MACE was still higher in patients with abnormal follow-up SPECT in the revascularization group (30.2% vs. 17.9%; adjusted HR=1.73; 95% CI=1.15–2.59; p=0.008). Low ejection fraction [odds ratio (OR)=5.33; 95% CI=3.39–8.37; p<0.001] and medical treatment (OR=2.68; 95% CI=1.93–3.72; p<0.001) were independent clinical predictors of having an abnormal result on follow-up SPECT.

Conclusion: Abnormal follow-up SPECT appears to be associated with a high risk of MACE during CAD treatment. Follow-up SPECT may play a potential role in identifying patients at high cardiovascular risk.

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1 Shaw LJ, Hage FG, Berman DS, Hachamovitch R, Iskandrian A. Prognosis in the era of comparative effectiveness research: where is nuclear cardiology now and where should it be? J Nucl Cardiol 2012;19:1026-43. 미소장
2 Stress myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography is clinically effective and cost effective in risk stratification of patients with a high likelihood of coronary artery disease (CAD) but no known CAD 네이버 미소장
3 Fihn SD, Gardin JM, Abrams J, Berra K, Blankenship JC, Dallas AP, et al. 2012 ACCF/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable ischemic heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines, and the American College of Physicians, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation 2012;126:e354-471. 미소장
4 Exercise Myocardial Perfusion SPECT in Patients Without Known Coronary Artery Disease 네이버 미소장
5 Incremental prognostic value of myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography for the prediction of cardiac death: differential stratification for risk of cardiac death and myocardial infarction. 네이버 미소장
6 Ischemic Burden, Treatment Allocation, and Outcomes in Stable Coronary Artery Disease 네이버 미소장
7 Comparison of the Short-Term Survival Benefit Associated With Revascularization Compared With Medical Therapy in Patients With No Prior Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Stress Myocardial Perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography 네이버 미소장
8 Hachamovitch R, Rozanski A, Hayes SW, Thomson LE, Germano G, Friedman JD, et al. Predicting therapeutic benefit from myocardial revascularization procedures: are measurements of both resting left ventricular ejection fraction and stress-induced myocardial ischemia necessary? J Nucl Cardiol 2006;13:768-78. 미소장
9 Prognostic Impact of the Presence and Absence of Angina on Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Stable Coronary Artery Disease: Results from the BARI 2D (Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes) Trial 네이버 미소장
10 Optimal medical therapy with or without percutaneous coronary intervention to reduce ischemic burden: results from the Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation (COURAGE) trial nuclear substudy. 네이버 미소장
11 Prognostic value of "routine" cardiac stress imaging 5 years after percutaneous coronary intervention: the prospective long-term observational BASKET (Basel Stent Kosteneffektivitäts Trial) LATE IMAGING study. 네이버 미소장
12 Prognostic value of stress-gated 99m-technetium SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging: Risk stratification of patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and prior coronary revascularization 네이버 미소장
13 Guidelines on the management of stable angina pectoris: executive summary: the task force on the management of stable angina pectoris of the European society of cardiology. 네이버 미소장
14 ACCF/ASNC/ACR/AHA/ASE/SCCT/SCMR/SNM 2009 Appropriate Use Criteria for Cardiac Radionuclide Imaging: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriate Use Criteria Task Force, the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, the American College of Radiology, the American Heart Association, the American Society of Echocardiography, the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, and the Society of Nuclear Medicine. 네이버 미소장
15 Coronary Artery Disease Progression Late After Successful Stent Implantation 네이버 미소장
16 Impact of Ischemia-Guided Revascularization With Myocardial Perfusion Imaging for Patients With Multivessel Coronary Disease 네이버 미소장
17 Validation of a model of left ventricular segmentation for interpretation of SPET myocardial perfusion images 네이버 미소장
18 Standardized Myocardial Segmentation and Nomenclature for Tomographic Imaging of the Heart 네이버 미소장
19 Executive Summary: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2011 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association 네이버 미소장
20 Hillis LD, Smith PK, Anderson JL, Bittl JA, Bridges CR, Byrne JG, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA guideline for coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2011;124:e652-735. 미소장
21 MatchIt: Nonparametric Preprocessing for Parametric Causal Inference 네이버 미소장
22 An initial strategy of intensive medical therapy is comparable to that of coronary revascularization for suppression of scintigraphic ischemia in high-risk but stable survivors of acute myocardial infarction. 네이버 미소장
23 Intensive medical therapy versus coronary angioplasty for suppression of myocardial ischemia in survivors of acute myocardial infarction: a prospective, randomized pilot study. 네이버 미소장
24 Prospective serial evaluation of myocardial perfusion and lipids during the first six months of pravastatin therapy: Coronary artery disease regression single photon emission computed tomography monitoring trial 네이버 미소장
25 Klocke FJ, Baird MG, Lorell BH, Bateman TM, Messer JV, Berman DS, et al. ACC/AHA/ASNC guidelines for the clinical use of cardiac radionuclide imaging--executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (ACC/AHA/ASNC Committee to Revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Clinical Use of Cardiac Radionuclide Imaging). J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;42:1318-33. 미소장
26 Ischemia Change in Stable Coronary Artery Disease Is an Independent Predictor of Death and Myocardial Infarction 네이버 미소장
27 Threshold, incidence, and predictors of prognostically high-risk silent ischemia in asymptomatic patients without prior diagnosis of coronary artery disease 네이버 미소장
28 Gibbons RJ, Abrams J, Chatterjee K, Daley J, Deedwania PC, Douglas JS, et al. ACC/AHA 2002 guideline update for the management of patients with chronic stable angina--summary article: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines (Committee on the Management of Patients With Chronic Stable Angina). J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;41:159-68. 미소장
29 Executive summary: heart disease and stroke statistics--2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association. 네이버 미소장
30 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012 네이버 미소장