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인도주의적 개입 결정과정에 대한 연구 : 대통령-의회 관계를 중심으로 본 미국의 리비아 및 시리아 개입 사례 ＝ The decision-making process of humanitarian interventions : presidential-congressional relations and U.S. interventions in Libya and Syria / 김성현 ; 김재학 ; 배종윤 1

[요약] 1

Ⅰ. 서론 2

Ⅱ. 이론적 검토 : 인도주의적 개입과 원인 3

1. 인도주의적 개입의 정의와 원인 검토 3

2. 대통령-의회 관계를 통한 미국의 인도주의적 개입 결정과정 분석 8

Ⅲ. 사례 분석 11

1. 리비아 내전 및 미국의 개입(2011) 12

2. 오바마 정권의 시리아 내전 개입 포기(2013) 15

3. 트럼프 정권의 시리아 내전 개입(2017-2018) 19

Ⅳ. 결론 및 함의 21

참고문헌 23

[저자소개] 29

Abstract 31

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기사명 저자명 페이지 원문 목차
양안 외교경쟁에 대한 약소국 전략과 결정요인 = Types and determinants in strategy of small nations on cross-strait competition for diplomatic recognition : focus on the diplomatic relations established by Taiwan's allies Since 2000 : 2000년대 이후 대만 수교국의 외교관계 선택을 중심으로 장숙인, 김석우 p. 133-164

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페치카와 온돌 = A comparative study on residential culture in Russia and Korea : focused on Pechka and Ondol : 러시아와 한국의 주거문화 비교 연구 이은경 p. 109-132

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학부과정 분석을 통한 국제학 및 국제지역학 교육의 학문적·지리적 범위에 관한 연구 = A study on the academic and geographic scope of international and area studies : focusing on the analysis of undergraduate courses at H university 이성준, 김중화 p. 87-107

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인도주의적 개입 결정과정에 대한 연구 = The decision-making process of humanitarian interventions : presidential-congressional relations and U.S. interventions in Libya and Syria : 대통령-의회 관계를 중심으로 본 미국의 리비아 및 시리아 개입 사례 김성현, 김재학, 배종윤 p. 55-86

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한반도 통일과 통일교육에서 평화의 의미 = Meaning of peace in Korean Peninsular unification and unification education 김용신 p. 33-53

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러시아-우크라이나 전쟁과 변화하는 세계질서 = Russia-Ukraine War and the changing world order 제성훈 p. 1-32

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참고문헌 (78건) : 자료제공( 네이버학술정보 )

참고문헌 목록에 대한 테이블로 번호, 참고문헌, 국회도서관 소장유무로 구성되어 있습니다.
번호 참고문헌 국회도서관 소장유무
1 김형준. 2012. “리비아 시민혁명과 유엔 보호책임(R2P)의 정당성.” 고려대학교석사학위논문. 미소장
2 안재열. 2014. “오바마 행정부의 군사개입 결정요인에 관한 연구: 리비아 내전 사례를중심으로.” 국방대학교 석사학위논문. 미소장
3 오지혜. 2015. “보호책임 규범 이행에 관한 연구: 리비아 사태를 중심으로.” 충북대학교석사학위논문. 미소장
4 ACA. 2022. “Timeline of Syrian Chemical Weapons Activity, 2012-2022.”https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/Timeline-of-Syrian-Chemical-Weapons-Activity (검색일: 2023.01.15). 미소장
5 BBC. 2021. “Syrian air force behind 2018 chlorine attack on Saraqeb, OPCW finds.” (April 12) https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-56721409 (검색일: 2022.11.05). 미소장
6 Bellamy Alex. 2005. “Responsibility to Protect or Trojan Horse? The Crisis in Darfur and Humanitarian Intervention after Iraq.” Ethics & International Affairs 19(2), 31-54. 미소장
7 Betti, Andrea. 2020. “Challenging humanitarian intervention in the twenty-first century: British domestic actors and horizontal foreign policy contestation during the Syrian Crisis.”Japanese Journal of Political Science 21, 125-144. 미소장
8 Binder, Martin. 2015. “Paths to intervention: What explains the UN‘s selective response to humanitarian crises?” Journal of Peace Research 52(6), 712-726. 미소장
9 Binder, Martin. 2017. The United National and the Politics of Selective Humanitarian Intervention. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. 미소장
10 Blomdahl, Mikael. 2016. “Bureaucratic Roles and Positions: Explaining the United States Libya Decision.” Diplomacy & Statecraft 27(1), 142-161. 미소장
11 Blomdahl, Mikael. 2018. “Interacting Interests: Explaining President Obama’s Libyan Decision.”European journal of American studies 13(2), 1-15. 미소장
12 Blomdahl, Mikael. 2020. “Bureaucratic Politics, Presidential Leadership Style and Crisis Decision-Making: Why Obama said Yes to Libya and no to Syria.” American Studies in Scandinavia 52(1), 75-98. 미소장
13 Bucher, Jessica, Lena Engel, Stephanie Harfensteller & Hylke Dijkstra. 2013. “Domestic politics, news media and humanitarian intervention: why France and Germany diverged over Libya.” European Security 22(4), 524-539. 미소장
14 Bush, Ray, Giuliano Martiniello & Claire Mercer. 2011. “Humanitarian imperialism.” Review of African Political Economy 38(129), 357-365. 미소장
15 Burns, Sarah & Andrew Stravers. 2020. “Obama, Congress, and Audience Costs: Shifting the Blame on the Red Line.” Political Science Quarterly 135(1), 67-101. 미소장
16 Carey, Henry. 2001. “U.S. Domestic Politics and the Emerging Humanitarian Interventio Policy:Haiti, Bosnia, and Kosovo.” World Affairs 164(2), 72-82. 미소장
17 Carpenter, Ted G. 2019. “How NATO Pushed the U.S. Into the Libya Fiasco.” (February 21), https://www.cato.org/commentary/how-nato-pushed-us-libya-fiasco (검색일: 2023.01.14). 미소장
18 Chesterman, Simon. ““Leading from Behind”: The Responsibility to Protect, the Obama Doctrine, and Humanitarian Intervention after Libya.” Ethics & International Affairs 25(3), 279-285. 미소장
19 Choi, Seung-Whan. 2013. “What determines US humanitarian intervention?” Conflict Management and Peace Science 30(2), 121-139. 미소장
20 Choi, Seung-Whan & James, Patrick. 2016. “Why Does the United States Intervene Abroad? Democracy, Human Rights Violations, and Terrorism.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 60(5), 899-926. 미소장
21 Conway, Madeline. 2017. “Timeline: U.S. approach to the Syrian civil war.” (April 7) https://www.politico.com/story/2017/04/timeline-united-states-response-syria-civil-war-237011 (검색일: 2022.10.20). 미소장
22 Cooper, Helene, Thomas Gibbons-Neff & Ben Hubbard. 2018. “U.S., Britain and France Strike Syria Over Suspected Chemical Weapons Attack.” (April 13) https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/13/world/middleeast/trump-strikes-syria-attack.html (검색일: 2022.12.01). 미소장
23 Davidson, Jason W. 2013. “France, Britain and the intervention in Libya: an integrated analysis.”Cambridge Review of International Affairs 26(2), 310-219. 미소장
24 Da Vinha, Luis. 2021. “A tale of two red lines: Managing foreign policy crises in the Obama and Trump Administrations.” Comparative Strategy 40(1), 63-85. 미소장
25 Doucet, Lyse. 2018. “Syria & the CNN Effect: What Role Does the Media Play in Policy-Making?” Daedalus 147(1), 141-157. 미소장
26 Dugan, Andrew. 2013. “U.S. Support for Action in Syria Is Low vs. Past Conflicts.” (September 6) https://news.gallup.com/poll/164282/support-syria-action-lower-past-conflicts.aspx (검색일: 2022.12.01). 미소장
27 Fearon, James. 1994. “Domestic Political Audience and the Escalation of International Disputes.”American Political Science Review 88(3), 577-592. 미소장
28 Finnemore, Martha. 2003. The Purpose of Intervention: Changing beliefs about the use of Force. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. 미소장
29 Golshan, Tara. 2017. “Paul Ryan 2013: Syrian strikes would look weak. Paul Ryan 2017: Assad must be held accountable.” (April 6) https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/4/6/15215134/syrian-airstrikes-obama-trumprepublicans (검색일: 2022.12.17). 미소장
30 Haar, Roberta. 2015. “When Does the United States Intervene Militarily for Humanitarian Reasons?” Politics & Policy 43(2), 287-314. 미소장
31 Hendrickson, Ryan C. 2013. “Libya and American war powers: war-making decisions in the United States.” Global Change, Peace & Security 25(2), 175-189. 미소장
32 Hildebrandt, Timothy, Courtney Hillebrecht, Peter M. Holm & Jon Pevehouse. 2013. “The Domestic Politics of Humanitarian Intervention: Public Opinion, Partisanship, and Ideology.” Foreign Policy Analysis 9, 243-266. 미소장
33 Howell, William G. & Jon C. Pevehouse. 2005. “Presidents, Congress and the Use of Force.”International Organization 59(Winter), 209-232. 미소장
34 Jakobsen, Peter V. 1996. “National Interest, Humanitarianism or CNN: What Triggers UN Peace Enforcement After the Cold War.” Journal of Peace Research 33(2), 205-215. 미소장
35 Jones, Jeffrey M. 2011. “Americans Approve of Military Action Against Libya, 47% to 37%.”(March 22)https://news.gallup.com/poll/146738/americans-approve-military-action-against-libya.aspx (검색일: 2022.12.17). 미소장
36 Kaczynski, Andrew, Nathan McDermott & Chris Massie. 2017. “Top Republicans who opposed Syria attack under Obama are now praising Trump’s strike.” (April 8) https://edition.cnn.com/2017/04/07/politics/kfile-top-republicans-syria-trump/index.html (검색일: 2022.12.17). 미소장
37 Katov, Mark, Jessica Taylor & Tom Bowman. 2017. “Trump Orders Syria Airstrikes After ‘Assad Choked Out the Lives’ of Civilians.” (April 6) https://www.npr.org/2017/04/06/522948481/u-s-launches-airstrikes-against-syria-after-chemical-attack (검색일: 2022.12.02). 미소장
38 Krieg, Andrea. 2013. Motivations for Humanitarian Intervention: Theoretical and Empirical Considerations. London: Springer. 미소장
39 Kriner, Douglas L. 2014. “Obama’s Authorization Paradox: Syria and Congress’s Continued Relevance in Military Affairs.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 44(2), 309-327 미소장
40 Kriner, Douglas L. 2018. “Congress, public opinion, and an informal constraint on the commander-in-chief.” British Journal of Politics and International Relations 20(1), 52-68. 미소장
41 Kuperman, Alan J. 2013. “A Model Humanitarian Intervention?: Reassessing NATO’s Libya Campaign.” International Security 38(1), 105-136. 미소장
42 Lindsay, James M. & Randall B. Ripley. 1994. “How Congress Influences Foreign and Defense Policy.” Bulletin of American Academy of Arts and Sciences 47(6), 7-32. 미소장
43 Lindsay, James M. 1992. “Congress and Foreign Policy: Why the Hill Matters.” Political Science Quarterly 107(4), 607-628. 미소장
44 Lund, Aron. 2016. “A Turing Point in Aleppo.” (December 1) https://carnegie-mec.org/diwan/66314 (검색일: 2022.12.10). 미소장
45 Lyon, Alynna J. and Chris J. Dolan. 2007. “American Humanitarian Intervention: Toward a Theory of Coevolution.” Foreign Policy Analysis 3(1), 46-78. 미소장
46 Mason, Andrew & Nick Wheeler. 1996. “Realist objections to humanitarian intervention.” Barry Holden, eds. The Ethical Dimensions of Global Change, 94-110. London: Palgrave Macmillan. 미소장
47 McCormick, James M. & Eugene R. Wittkopf. 1990. “Bipartisanship, Partisanship, and Ideology in Congressional-Executive Foreign Policy Relations, 1947-1988.” The Journal of Politics 52(2), 1077-1100. 미소장
48 McCormick, James M., Eugene R. Wittkopf & David M. Danna. 1997. “Politics of Bipartisanship at the Water’s Edge: A Note on Bush and Clinton.” Polity 30(1), 133-149. 미소장
49 Meernik, James. 1993. “Presidential Support in Congress: Conflict and Consensus on Foreign and Defense Policy.” The Journal of Politics 55(3), 569-587. 미소장
50 Menon, Rajan. 2016. The Conceit of Humanitarian Intervention. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 미소장
51 Muscat, Sabine. 2013. “US war fatigue.” (September 9), https://www.dw.com/en/syria-conflict-its-not-our-battle/a-17075603 (검색일: 2023.01.12). 미소장
52 Naím, Moisés. 2011. “Why Libya, But Not Syria?” (May 18), https://carnegieendowment.org/2011/05/18/why-libya-but-not-syria-pub-44067 (검색일:2023.01.12). 미소장
53 O’Keefe, Ed. 2013. “More than 100 lawmakers ask Obama to seek congressional approval on Syria strikes.” (August 28), https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2013/08/28/more-than-100-lawmakers-ask-obama-to-seek-congressional-approval-on-syria-strikes/ (검색일: 2023.01.12). 미소장
54 Page, Susan & John Kelly. 2013. “Survey shows where Congress stands on Syria.” (September 9)https://www.proquest.com/docview/1430878978/C7941E2F825D4809PQ/2?accountid=15179 (검색일: 2022.12.15). 미소장
55 Pape, Robert. 2012. “When Duty Calls: A Pragmatic Standard of Humanitarian Intervention.”International Security 37(1), 41-80. 미소장
56 Pew Research Center. 2011. “Public Wary of Military Intervention in Libya” (March 14) https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2011/03/14/public-wary-of-military-intervention-in-libya/ (검색일: 2022.06.26). 미소장
57 Pew Research Center. 2012. “Little Support for U.S. Intervention in Syrian Conflict.” (March 15) https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2012/03/15/little-support-for-u-s-intervention-in-syrianconflict/ (검색일: 2022.10.05). 미소장
58 Price, Megan, Jeff Klingner, Anas Qtiesh & Patrick Ball. 2013. “Updated Statistical Analysis of Documentation of Killings in the Syrian Arab Republic.” (June 13)https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Countries/SY/HRDAG-Updated-SY-report.pdf (검색일: 2022.05.10). 미소장
59 Prins, Brandon C. & Bryan W. Marshall. 2001. “Congressional Support of the President: A Comparison of Foreign, Defense, and Domestic Policy Decision Making during and after the Cold War.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 31(4), 660-678. 미소장
60 Ramsbotham, Oliver. 1997. “Humanitarian intervention in 1990-5: a need to reconceptualize?”Review of International Studies 23, 445-468. 미소장
61 Reinhart, RJ. 2018. “Snapshot: Half of Americans Approve of Strikes on Syria.” (April 24) https://news.gallup.com/poll/232997/snapshot-half-americans-approve-strikes-syria.aspx (검색일: 2022/12/01). 미소장
62 Rhodes, Ben. 2018. “Inside the White House During the Syrian ‘Red Line’ Crisis.” (June 3) https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/06/inside-the-white-house-during-thesyrian-red-line-crisis/561887/ (검색일: 2022.11.05.). 미소장
63 Schultz, Kenneth A. 2002. ““Tying Hands and Washing Hands” The U.S. Congress and Multilateral Humanitarian Intervention.” Daniel W. Drezner, eds. Locating the Proper Authorities, 105-142. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press. 미소장
64 Scott, Bauer. 2017. “Trump airstrike gets rare bipartisan praise in Wisconsin.” (April 8) https://apnews.com/article/e5067fa7345d4030bed7638d4887b97f (검색일: 2022.12.01). 미소장
65 Sonne, Paul. 2018. “Details emerge about the Syrian sites the U.S., U.K. and France targeted.” (April 14) https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2018/world/syria-strikes/ (검색일:2022.12.02). 미소장
66 Szende, Jennifer. 2012. “Selective humanitarian intervention: moral reason and collective agents.”Journal of Global Ethics 8(1), 63-76. 미소장
67 UN. 2015. “Alarmed by Continuing Syria Crisis, Security Council Affirms Its Support for Special Envoy’s Approach in Moving Political Solution Forward.” https://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sc12008.doc.htm (검색일: 2022.05.10). 미소장
68 UN. 2020. “Syrian air force used deadly chemical weapons in 2017 attacks, global watchdog finds.” https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/04/1061402 (검색일: 2022.12.01). 미소장
69 US House of Representatives. n.d.. “Party Divisions of the House of the Representatives, 1789to Present.” https://history.house.gov/Institution/Party-Divisions/Party-Divisions/ (검색일:2022.10.15). 미소장
70 US Congress. 2011. “S.Res.85 - A resolution strongly condemning the gross and systematic violations of human rights in Libya, including violent attacks on protesters demanding democratic reforms, and for other purposes.” https://www.congress.gov/bill/112th-congress/senate-resolution/85 (검색일: 2022.10.18). 미소장
71 US Congress. 2012a. “S.Res.379 - An original resolution condemning violence by the Government of Syria against the Syrian people.” https://www.congress.gov/bill/112th-congress/senate-resolution/379 (검색일: 2022.12.15). 미소장
72 US Congress. 2012b. “S.Res.391 - A resolution condemning violence by the Government of Syria against journalists, and expressing the sense of the Senate on freedom of the press in Syria.” https://www.congress.gov/bill/112th-congress/senate-resolution/391 (검색일:2022.12.15). 미소장
73 US Senate. n.d.. “Party Division.” https://www.senate.gov/history/partydiv.htm (검색일:2022.10.15). 미소장
74 Walsh, Deirdre. 2013. “House Dems proving a tough sell for Obama on Syria.” (September 5), https://edition.cnn.com/2013/09/05/politics/syria-democrats/index.html (검색일:2023.01.12). 미소장
75 Western, Jon & Joshua S. Goldstein. 2011. “Humanitarian Intervention Comes of Age: Lessons from Somalia to Libya.” Foreign Affairs 90(6), 48-59. 미소장
76 White House 2012. “Remarks by the President to the White House Press Corps.” (August 20) https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/08/20/remarks-president-white-house-press-corps (검색일: 2022.11.05). 미소장
77 White House. 2013. “Government Assessment of the Syrian Government’s Use of Chemical Weapons on August 21, 2013.” (August 30) https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/08/30/government-assessment-syrian-government-s-use-chemical-weapons-august-21 (검색일: 2022.11.20). 미소장
78 Yacoubian, Mona. 2021. “Syria Timeline: Since the Uprising Against Assad.” https://www.usip.org/syria-timeline-uprising-against-assad (검색일: 2022.11.20). 미소장

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