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소장정보 검색

국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색
결과 내 검색 동의어 포함
결과 내 검색 동의어 포함

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‘Fenjia(division of property)’ was an act that had minimal conditions that made all independent families seek livelihood and survival. The main cause of the Fenjia was family discord. Most of the Fenjia was due to conflicts, discord and disputes between each marriage unit. Differences in personalities and lifestyles between brothers brought about conflict, and they were also divided due to economic poverty or an increase in the number of families. In the poor class, it was common for each person to live separately because there was no material basis for maintaining a large family. North China rural area was unable to escape poverty due to regional characteristics such as a barren land and lack of precipitation, lack of arable land, population growth, and productivity weakening, which had a great influence on Fenjia. These regional characteristics of North China rural area tended to allow farmers to reduce family conflict through Fenjia and seek a living centered on their own unit families.

In addition, in North China rural area at that time, there was an aspect that Fenjia was promoted by the circumstances of the time. Since the 1920s, the North China rural area has promoted Fenjia by greatly increasing social instability due to successive flood disasters, drought, continuous war of warlords, the appearance of a bandit and the war of aggression by Japan. These mean that the socioeconomic changes in North China and the circumstances of that times due to various wars served as a factor in promoting the separation of rural families.

In North China rural areas, where land is scarce, even after the Fenjia, brothers often lived in the same family garden(Yuanzi) and shared roads or doors. At that time, the Family Register Act stipulated 1 family as 1 household, but there were not a few cases where brothers lived in the same Yuanzi had only one doorplate. This means that Fenjia of the private sector and the administrative structure of the government did not necessarily coincide, and the state did not thoroughly grasp Fenjia of the private sector.

North China rural Community was closed and isolated due to natural environmental factors, so the relationship with the neighboring villages was estranged, but the relationship with the neighbors within the villages was close. In particular, it was an area where various social bonds through mutual cooperation between relatives and neighbors have developed. However, due to various disasters and wars in the 1930s and 1940s, farmers' anxiety intensified, and as a result, the traditional form of agricultural union gradually became simplified and temporarily and short-term. These meant that farmers had no room to pay attention to others due to unstable political, economic, and social conditions. These trend also appeared among families and relatives. In other words, even siblings did not necessarily cooperate with each other.

As the instability caused by such social changes of that times became severe, the relationship of mutual cooperation between farmers based on friendship and ethical consciousness weakened and the village community gradually collapsed. As a result, the family community was also weakened, and the atmosphere to promote each person's life by Fenjia seemed to have became widespread. This is because Fenjia was a way to alleviate family conflicts and to preserve the survival and livelihood of one's own family in unstable circumstances. As a result, the decentralization of land was inevitable, and the Fenjia became another factor in promoting the poverty and miniaturization of North China farmers.

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