생몰정보
소속
직위
직업
활동분야
주기
서지
국회도서관 서비스 이용에 대한 안내를 해드립니다.
검색결과 (전체 1건)
원문 있는 자료 (1) 열기
원문 아이콘이 없는 경우 국회도서관 방문 시 책자로 이용 가능
목차보기더보기
표제지
목차
세부 1. 화학공정 폐촉매로부터 귀금속 회수 및 촉매용 나노 분말 제조 기술 개발 / 이만승 2
제출문 3
요약서 4
요약문 8
SUMMARY(영문요약문) 11
목차 14
제1장 서론 27
제1절 연구개발과제의 개요 27
1. 연구개발의 목적 및 필요성 27
2. 연구개발대상 기술의 차별성 29
제2절 연구개발의 국내외 현황 31
제3절 연구개발의 내용 및 범위 34
1. 연구개발의 최종목표 34
2. 연도별 연구개발 목표 및 평가방법 35
3. 연도별 추진체계 36
제2장 연구개발 수행내용 및 결과 37
제1절 연구개발 결과 및 토의 37
2.1.1. 섬유화학제조공정에서 발생한 폐촉매에 함유된 귀금속의 침출 37
2.1.2. 백금염 용액에서 백금 나노분말 제조기술 49
2.2.1. 석유화학 정제공정에서 발생한 폐촉매의 염산 침출액으로부터 용매추출과 이온교환에 의한 백금의 분리 76
2.2.2. 팔라듐염용액으로부터 나노 분말제조 99
2.3.1. Bench 규모의 침출장치에서 석유화학 정제공정에서 발생한 폐촉매의 침출 124
2.3.2. Bench 규모의 실험장치에서 나노 백금분말 제조기술 개발 147
2.4.1. 용매추출에 의한 폐촉매 침출액으로부터 백금의 회수 169
2.4.2. Bench 규모의 실험장치에서 나노 팔라듐분말 제조기술 개발 203
2.5.1. 폐촉매의 침출 및 용매추출에 의한 백금의 분리회수 241
2.5.2. 폐촉매 침출액에서 용매추출로 분리한 백금용액으로부터 촉매용 나노 백금 분말 제조 281
제2절 연구개발 결과 요약 290
제3장 목표 달성도 및 관련분야 기여도 291
제1절 연도별 연구개발목표의 달성도 291
제2절 관련분야의 기술발전 기여도(환경적 성과 포함) 292
제4장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 293
제1절 연구개발 결과의 활용계획 293
제2절 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외 과학기술정보 295
제3절 연구개발결과의 보안등급 299
제4절 NTIS에 등록한 연구시설·장비현황 299
제5장 참고문헌 300
부록(기타 부록, 지침서, 매뉴얼, 안내서, 핸드북 등)[내용없음] 15
세부 2. 재생 귀금속 기반 나노입자 제조를 위한 바이오 융합기술 개발 / 윤영상 302
제출문 303
요약서 304
요약문 307
SUMMARY(영문요약문) 312
목차 316
제1장 서론 326
제1절 연구개발과제의 개요 326
1. 연구개발의 목적 및 필요성 326
2. 연구개발대상 기술의 차별성 333
제2절 연구개발의 국내외 현황 335
1. 해외 기술개발 동향·시장 335
2. 국내 기술개발 동향·시장 340
제3절 연구개발의 내용 및 범위 343
1. 연구개발의 최종목표 343
2. 연도별 연구개발 목표 및 평가방법 344
3. 연도별 추진체계 345
제2장 연구개발 수행내용 및 결과 346
제1절 연구개발 결과 및 토의 346
1. 금속 나노입자 합성을 위한 바이오소재의 선정 346
2. 금속 이온 환원가능 물질의 동정 및 나노입자 분리기술 개발 453
3. 나노입자의 크기/형상 제어 기술 최적화 504
4. 나노촉매, 나노필터 제조 및 성능 평가 550
제2절 연구개발 결과 요약 609
제3장 목표 달성도 및 관련분야 기여도 613
제1절 연도별 연구개발목표의 달성도 613
제2절 관련분야의 기술발전 기여도 614
제4장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 등 616
제1절 연구개발 결과의 활용계획 616
제2절 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외 과학기술정보 616
제3절 연구개발결과의 보안등급 619
제4절 NTIS에 등록한 연구시설·장비현황 619
제5장 참고문헌 620
세부 3. 폐전지내의 백금족 희유금속 회수 및 활용 기술 개발 / 신장식 624
제출문 625
요약서 626
요약문 630
SUMMARY(영문요약문) 635
목차 638
제1장 서론 647
제1절 연구개발과제의 개요 647
1. 연구개발의 목적 및 필요성 647
2. 연구개발대상 기술의 차별성 650
제2절 연구개발의 국내외 현황 653
1. 해외 기술개발 동향 653
2. 국내 기술개발 동향 654
3. 국내외 관련 분야 기술 분석 655
제3절 연구개발의 내용 및 범위 658
1. 연구개발의 최종목표 658
2. 연도별 연구개발 목표 및 평가방법 658
3. 연도별 추진체계 659
제2장 연구개발 수행내용 및 결과 661
제1절 연구개발 결과 및 토의 661
1. 원료 물질 선정 665
2. 선택된 원료 물질 특성 분석(C사) 669
3. 침출 실험 675
4. 분리 정제 703
5. 백금 나노 분말 제조 759
6. 촉매 적용을 위한 특성 평가 805
7. 시작품 제작 873
제2절 연구개발 결과 요약 884
제3장 목표 달성도 및 관련분야 기여도 889
제1절 연도별 연구개발목표의 달성도 889
제2절 관련분야의 기술발전 기여도(환경적 성과 포함) 894
제4장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 등 895
제1절 연구개발 결과의 활용계획 895
제2절 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외 과학기술정보 896
제3절 연구개발결과의 보안등급 901
제4절 NTIS에 등록한 연구시설·장비현황 902
제5장 참고문헌 903
부록(기타 부록, 지침서, 매뉴얼, 안내서, 핸드북 등) 905
세부 1. 화학공정 폐촉매로부터 귀금속 회수 및 촉매용 나노 분말 제조 기술 개발 15
2.1.1. 석유화학제조공정에서 발생한 폐촉매에 함유된 귀금속의 침출 15
Table 1. Chemical composition of spent catalyst 37
2.1.2. 백금염 용액에서 백금 나노분말 제조기술 15
Table 1. Materials for synthesis of nano-sized platinum particles. 50
Table 2. 레이저제타전위계 분석 조건 51
Table 3. Effect of PVP molecular weight 54
Table 4. Effect of the PVP(MW 10,000) content. 59
Table 5. Effectof the PVP(MW 40,000) content. 65
Table 6. Effect of H₂PtCl₆ content. 71
2.2.1. 석유화학 정제공정에서 발생한 폐촉매의 염산 침출액으로부터 용매추출과 이온교환에 의한 백금의 분리 15
Table 1. Chemical composition of synthetic chloride solution containing Pt(IV) 76
Table 2. Chemical structure of anion exchane and solvating extractants 76
Table 3. Properties of AG 1-X8 resin 77
Table 4. Stepwise stability constants for the formation of Pt(IV)-chloro complexes at 25℃ 78
Table 5. Equilibrium constants for the formation of ferric complexes with chloride ion at... 79
Table 6. Chemical composition of the elaching solution of spent catalysts containing Pt(IV)... 86
2.2.2. 팔라듐염용액으로부터 나노 분말제조 15
Table 1. Materials for synthesis of nano-sized palladium particles 101
Table 2. 레이저제타전위계 분석 조건 101
Table 3. Effectof PVP molecular weight 105
Table 4. Effectof the PVP(MW 40,000) content 108
Table 5. Effect of PdCl₂ content 112
Table 6. Effectof Reductant content 116
2.3.1. Bench 규모의 침출장치에서 석유화학 정제공정에서 발생한 폐촉매의 침출 16
Table 1. Chemical composition of the spent catalysts used in this study. The concentration... 124
Table 2. Standard leaching conditions employed in this study 125
Table 3. Chemical composition of the spent catalysts used in the first year 127
Table 4. Chemical formula and oxidation state of chloride in the oxidant 129
Table 5. Stoichiometric amount of each oxidant to oxidize Pt contained in the spent... 131
Table 6. Economic evaluation for the various oxidizing agent 141
Table 7. Price of the various oxidizng agent used in this study 142
2.3.2. Bench규모의 실험장치에서 나노 백금분말 제호기술 개발 16
Table 1. Effect of PVP molecular weight. 157
Table 2. Effect of the platinum precursor concentration. 160
Table 3. Effect of the PVP concentration. 162
Table 4. Effect of the platinum precursor concentration. 165
Table 5. Effect of the PVP concentration. 167
2.4.1. 용매추출에 의한 폐촉매 침출액으로부터 백금의 회수 16
Table 1. The geometric characteristics of the RPR(reciprocating plate reactor). 170
Table 2. Chemical composition of synthetic solution. 172
Table 3. Chemical analysis of the roasted and unroasted spent catalysts. 174
Table 4. Standard leaching condition. 174
Table 5. Chemical composition of the leaching solution. 174
Table 6. Mass balance of metals and HCl in the whole processing. 183
Table 7. The composition of the spent catalyst measured by XRF and ICP. 184
Table 8. Standard leaching condition of spent catalysts. 185
Table 9. The composition of the leaching liquor obtained at the optimum leaching... 185
Table 10. Stripping of Fe from the loaded Aliquat 336 by dilute HCl. 186
Table 11. Effect of HClO₄ concentration on the stripping of metals from the loaded... 187
Table 12. Mass balance of metals and HCl in the whole process. 191
Table 13. Summary of the preliminary experiments for the time required for the phase... 192
Table 14. Summary results of Fe extraction process. 193
Table 15. Summary results of Fe stripping process. 193
Table 16. Summary results of Pt extraction process. 195
Table 17. Results of Pt stripping process. 197
Table 18. Results of HCl extraction process. 197
Table 19. Results of HCl stripping process. 199
2.4.2. Bench규모의 실험장치에서 나노 팔라듐분말 제조기술 개발 17
Table 1. Effect of the palladium precursor concentration. 212
Table 2. Effect of the reaction temperature. 217
Table 3. Effect of the Stirring speed. 222
Table 4. Effect of the amount of the solvent. 226
Table 5. Effect of the Reducing agent. 228
Table 6. Effect of the CTAB concentration. 233
Table 7. Effect of the SDS concentration. 238
Table 8. The condition and results of recovery of Pt, Fe and HCl from synthetic solution... 240
2.5.1. 폐촉매의 침출 및 용매추출에 의한 백금의 분리회수 17
Table 1. Standard leaching conditions employed in this work. 243
Table 1-1. Chemical compositions of unroasted/roasted spent catalysts and leaching results. 253
Table 1-2. Chemical composition of real leaching solution obtained from 3L reaction vessel... 258
Table 2-1. Summary of commercial extractors 260
Table 2-2. Comparison of Mxer-Settler, Pulse Column and Centrifugal Contactors 261
Table 2-3. The optimum solvent extraction and stripping conditions for the separation of... 267
Table 2-4. Fe extraction process: 0.3M TBP, O/A=1, 4 stages, Flow rate=30ml/min 269
Table 2-5. Fe stripping process: 0.1M HCl, O/A=1, 3 stages, Flow rate=30ml/min 270
Table 2-6. Pt extraction process: 0.3 M Aliquat 336, O/A=1/2, 3 stages, Flow rate=... 272
Table 2-7. Pt stripping process: 1M HClO₄, O/A=1, 3 stages, Flowrate=30ml/min 273
Table 2-8. Results of washing the Pt loaded Aliquat 336 by water 274
Table 2-9. HCl extraction process: 1M TEHA, O/A=5, 5 stages, Flow rate=8 ml/min... 276
Table 2-10. HCl stripping process: H20, O/A=2/5, 5stage, Flow rate=30ml/min(for... 277
Table 2-11. Summary of the experimental reactions in the whole process 278
Table 2-12. Mass balance of metals and HCl in the whole process 279
세부 2. 재생 귀금속 기반 나노입자 제조를 위한 바이오 융합기술 개발 317
Table 1. 주요 희귀금속의 가격동향 327
Table 2. 선진국과 우리나라의 유가금속 회수 기술 개발 328
Table 3. 촉매의 물질과 기능에 따른 촉매의 분류 330
Table 4. 다양한 나노입자의 합성방법 331
Table 5. 연구실에서 보유하고 있는 바이오소재 관련 특허 기술 334
Table 6. 생물학적 방법을 통한 나노입자생산에 대한 국제특허 337
Table 7. 생물학적 나노입자 생성에 사용되는 바이오 기반 소재 339
Table 8. 금속 나노입자의 제조에 관련된 국내 특허 341
Table 9. 나노메탈시장 가격 동향 342
Table 10. 미생물 기반 원료소재 347
Table 11. Effect of medium and supplement 391
Table 12. Proton-binding model 397
Table 13. 미생물 기반 원료소재 404
Table 14. Result of TOC; HCl 409
Table 15. Result of TOC; Nitric acid 410
Table 16. The main compounds identified in hexane fraction. 467
Table 17. The main compounds identified in HPLC fraction 469
Table 18. Total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and reducing power of different... 471
Table 19. Ag-CNT 복합체의 항균활성 테스트 결과 598
세부 3. 폐전지내의 백금족 희유금속 회수 및 활용 기술 개발 640
Table 1. The comparison of precious metals recovery technology. 651
Table 2. Waste type patents. 655
Table 3. Comparative patent relates to precious metal recovery. 656
Table 4. Comparison of dry process and wet process. 657
Table 5. Comparison of precious metals treatment. 657
Table 6. Data of EDX of used fuel cell catalyst layer. 672
Table 7. Data of EPMA of used fuel cell catalyst layer. 673
Table 8. ICP-AES Condition. 679
Table 9. The result of ICP(Inducti vely-coupled plasma) analysis after acid... 696
Table 10. The acid leaching efficiency of Cathode layer. 701
Table 11. The acid leaching efficiency of Anode layer. 702
Table 12. Recovery of platinum group metals by ion exchange resin. 720
Table 13. Data of EDX of ion exchange resin. 721
Table 14. Anion exchange resin characteristics. 726
Table 15. Adsorption isotherm parameters for correlation... 727
Table 16. Adsorption isotherm parameters for correlation... 728
Table 17. Adsorption isotherm parameters for correlation... 729
Table 18. Adsorption isotherm parameters for correlation... 730
Table 19. Adsorption isotherm parameters for correlation coefficients... 731
Table 20. Comparison of maximum adsorption capacity of adsorbent for Pt... 733
Table 21. Coefficients of pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order kinetic... 739
Table 22. Sorption parameter values for Pt sorption on anion-exchange... 745
Table 23. Calcination conversion of the ashes obtained after calcination at... 747
Table 24. Calcination conversion of the ashes obtained after calcination at... 748
Table 25. The dissolution of calcined adsorption of platinum onto resin in... 752
Table 26. The result of each processes. 758
Table 27. Result of Pt solution effect. 765
Table 28. Effect of Pt concentration. 766
Table 29. Conversion of Pt synthesis at different pH value. 769
Table 30. Result of reductant effect. 773
Table 31. Pt nano particle conversion at different reducing agent. 774
Table 32. Pt size at different reducing agent. 775
Table 33. Result of Surfactant effect. 779
Table 34. Pt size at different dispersing agent. 780
Table 35. ICP-AES analysis of chloroplatinic acid in aqueous solution. 787
Table 36. Properties of A cation exchange resin. 796
Table 37. Properties of B cation exchange resin. 797
Table 38. Removal of a NaCl using A, B cation exchange resin. 798
Table 39. Removal of a NaCl using B cation exchange resin. 799
Table 40. Acid treatment properties of each material. 801
Table 41. ICP results of the solution after acid treatment. 803
Table 42. ICP results of the final recovery solution. 804
Table 43. Amount of alumina coating. 814
Table 44. Component of transition metal and a platinum. 816
Table 45. Amount of transition metal and platinum coating. 817
Table 46. Change in the amount of the catalyst according GHSV(3mm... 825
Table 47. Property of Nation ® PFSA Polyme Dispersion.[이미지참조] 838
Table 48. Catalyst activity area. 862
Table 49. Catalyst activity area of acid and heat treated carbonblack content... 867
Table 50. Catalyst activity area of Pt/C catalyst for addition of 20wt.%... 868
Table 51. The result of CV and ORR test of commercial and recovery... 870
Table 52. The result of processes. 874
Table 53. The purity of platinum in aqua regia. 875
세부 1. 화학공정 폐촉매로부터 귀금속 회수 및 촉매용 나노 분말 제조 기술 개발 18
2.1.1. 석유화학제조공정에서 발생한 폐촉매에 함유된 귀금속의 침출 18
Fig. 1. Effect of HCl concentration on the leaching of metals.(Particle size... 39
Fig. 2. Effect of H₂SO₄ concentration on the leaching of metals.(Particle size... 39
Fig. 3. Effect of HNO₃ concentration on the leaching of metals.(Particle size=... 40
Fig. 4. Effect of NaOH concentration on the leaching of metals.(Particle size=... 40
Fig. 5. Effect of adding H₂O₂ to 30% HCl solution on the leaching of metals from... 41
Fig. 6. XRD patterns of spent catalyst after heat treatment at various... 43
Fig. 7. Effect of adding H₂O₂ to 30% HCl solution on the leaching of metals... 44
Fig. 8. Effect of adding H₂O₂ to 30% HCl solution on the leaching of metals from... 45
Fig. 9. Effect of adding H₂O₂ to 30% HCl solution on the leaching of metals from... 45
Fig. 10. Effect of adding H₂O₂ to 30% HCl solution the leaching of metals from... 46
Fig. 11. Effect of adding H₂O₂ to 30% HCl solution on the leaching of metals from... 46
Fig. 12. Variation of the leaching of metals in aqua regia from the spent catalysts... 47
Fig. 13. Effect of temperatureon the leaching percentage of metals from the... 48
2.1.2. 백금염 용액에서 백금 나노분말 제조기술 19
Fig. 1. 백금 나노 입자 합성 실험 기기도 51
Fig. 2. 반응 전·후의 시료색 변화 52
Fig. 3. UV-vis 분석 53
Fig. 4. Particle size histogram 55
Fig. 5. Particle size histogram 56
Fig. 6. Particle size histogram 57
Fig. 7. Particle size histogram 58
Fig. 8. Particle size histogram 60
Fig. 9. Particle size histogram 61
Fig. 10. Particle size histogram 62
Fig. 11. Particle size histogram 63
Fig. 12. Particle size histogram 64
Fig. 13. Particle size histogram 66
Fig. 14. Particle size histogram 67
Fig. 15. Particle size histogram 68
Fig. 16. Particle size histogram 69
Fig. 17. Particle size histogram 70
Fig. 18. Particle size histogram 72
Fig. 19. Particle size histogram 73
Fig. 20. Particle size histogram 74
2.2.1. 석유화학 정제공정에서 발생한 폐촉매의 염산 침출액으로부터 용매추출과 이온교환에 의한 백금의 분리 20
Fig. 1. Distribution of Pt(IV) containing species with HCl... 80
Fig. 2. Distributon of ferric species with HCl concentration.... 81
Fig. 3. Effect of HCl concentration on the extraction of Pt(IV), Fe(III) and Al(III)... 88
Fig. 4. Effect of HCl concentration on the extraction of Pt(IV), Fe(III) and Al(III)... 89
Fig. 5. Effect of HCl concentration on the extraction of Pt(IV), Fe(III) and AI(III)... 90
Fig. 6. Effect of HCl concentration on the extraction of Pt(IV), Fe(III) and Al(III)... 91
Fig. 7. Effect of HCl concentration on the extraction of Pt(IV), Fe(III) and Al(III)... 92
Fig. 8. Effect of HCl concentration on the extraction of Pt(IV), Fe(III) and Al(III)... 93
Fig. 9. Effect of HCl concentration on the extraction of Pt(IV), Fe(III) and AI(III)... 94
Fig. 10. The effect of concentration of AG1-x8 resin on the adsorption of... 95
Fig. 11. Eqilibrium loading of Pt(IV) from 5M HCl solution... 96
Fig. 12. Effect of diphonix concentration on the adsorption of... 97
Fig. 13. Effect of AG1-X8 concentration on the adsorption... 98
2.2.2. 팔라듐염용액으로부터 나노 분말제조 20
Fig. 1. 팔라듐 나노 입자 합성 실험 기기도(H₂ 환원시) 102
Fig. 2. 팔라듐 나노 입자 합성 실험 기기도(NaBH₄ 환원시) 103
Fig. 3. 반응 전·후의 시료색 변화 104
Fig. 4. Particle size histogram 106
Fig. 5. Particle size histogram 107
Fig. 6. Particle size histogram 109
Fig. 7. Particle size histogram 110
Fig. 8. Particle size histogram 111
Fig. 9. Particle size histogram 113
Fig. 10. Particle size histogram 114
Fig. 11. Particle size histogram 115
Fig. 12. Particle size histogram 117
Fig. 13. Particle size histogram 118
Fig. 14. Particle size histogram 119
Fig. 15. Particle size histogram 120
Fig. 16. Particle size histogram 121
Fig. 17. Particle size histogram 122
2.3.1. Bench 규모의 침출장치에서 석유화학 정제공정에서 발생한 폐촉매의 침출 21
Photo 1. Photo of experimental apparatus for 100 mL leaching experiments. 126
Photo 2. Photo of experimental apparatus for 1 and 3L leaching experiments. 127
Fig. 1. Effect of HCl concentration on the leaching of metals from unroasted spent catalyst. 128
Fig. 2. Effect of HCl concentration in the leaching of metals from roasted spent catalyst. 129
Fig. 3. Effect of addition of NaClO in leaching lixivant on the leaching of metals. 132
Fig. 4. Effect of addition of NaClO in leaching lixivant on the leaching of metals. 132
Fig. 5. Effect of addition of NaClO₃ in leaching lixivant on the leaching of metals. 133
Fig. 6. Effect of addition of NaClO₃ in leaching lixivant on the leaching of metals. 134
Fig. 7. Effect of addition of O₃ in HCl lixivant on the leaching of metals.... 135
Fig. 8. Effect of addition of O₃ in HCl lixivant on the leaching of metals.... 135
Fig. 9. Effect of addition of H₂O₂ in the leaching lixivant on the leaching of metals. 136
Fig. 10. Effect of addition of H₂O₂ in the leaching lixivant on the leaching of metals. 137
Fig. 11. Effect of addition of H₂O₂ in the leaching lixivant on the leaching of metals. 137
Fig. 12. Effect of addition of H₂O₂ in the leaching lixivant on the leaching of metals. 138
Fig. 13. Effect of addition of H₂O₂ in the leaching lixivant on the leaching of metals. 139
Fig. 14. Effect of addition of H₂O₂ in the leaching lixivant on the leaching of metals. 139
Fig. 15. Effect of addition of H₂O₂ in the leaching lixivant on the leaching of metals. 140
Fig. 16. Effect of addition of H₂O₂ in the leaching lixivant on the leaching of metals. 140
Fig. 17. Effect of reaction temperture on the leaching percentage of metals... 143
Fig. 18. Effect of pulp density on the leaching of metals by using 20% HCl+3T H₂O₂. 144
Fig. 19. Effect of stirring speed on the leaching of metals by using 20% HCl+3T H₂O₂. 144
Fig. 20. Effect of pulp density on the leaching of metals by using 20% HCl+3T H₂O₂. 145
Fig. 21. Effect of reaction temperture on the leaching percentage of metals... 146
2.3.2. Bench규모의 실험장치 에서 나노 백금분말 제조기술 개발 22
Fig. 1. Bench 규모의 나노 입자 제조 장치 149
Fig. 2. 백금 나노 입자 제조 실험 기기도(환원제 NaBH₄ 이용) 150
Fig. 3. 백금 나노 입자 제조 실험 기기도(환원제 H₂ 이용) 151
Fig. 4. 반응 전·후의 샘플색 변화 153
Fig. 5. UV-vis spectral change. 154
Fig. 6. XRD patterns of platinum nanostructures. 155
Fig. 7. TEM image and metal size distribution diagrams. 156
Fig. 8. TEM image and metal size distribution diagrams. 157
Fig. 9. TEM image and metal size distribution diagrams. 158
Fig. 10. TEM image and metal size distribution diagrams. 159
Fig. 11. TEM image and metal size distribution diagrams. 159
Fig. 12. TEM image and metal size distribution diagrams. 161
Fig. 13. TEM image and metal size distribution diagrams. 161
Fig. 14. TEM image and metal size distribution diagrams. 162
Fig. 15. TEM image and metal size distribution diagrams. 164
Fig. 16. TEM image and metal size distribution diagrams. 164
Fig. 17. TEM image. 165
Fig. 18. TEM image and metal size distribution diagrams. 166
Fig. 19. TEM image and metal size distribution diagrams. 167
2.4.1. 용매추출에 의한 폐촉매 침출액으로부터 백금의 회수 23
Fig. 1. Photo of vibration plate column. 171
Fig. 2. Photo of mixer-settler. 173
Fig. 3. Effect of TBP concentration on the extraction of metals from the real leaching solution. 176
Fig. 4. Effect of HCl concentration on the stripping of metals from 0.3M loaded TBP. 176
Fig. 5. Effect of TBP concentration on the extraction of metals from leaching... 178
Fig. 6. Effect of HCl concentration on the stripping of metals loaded 2.5M TBP. 179
Fig. 7. Effrect of Aliquat336 concentration on the extraction of metals after... 179
Fig. 8. Effect of HCIO₄concentration on the stripping of metals from 0.3M loaded Aliquat336. 180
Fig. 9. McCabe-Thiele plot for HCl extraction. [HCl]Feed solution=5.9mol/L[이미지참조] 182
Fig. 10. McCabe-Thiele plot for stripping of HCl from loaded TEHA by water. 182
Fig. 11. General scheme for recovery of metals from the spent petroleum leaching... 183
Fig. 12. Effect of Aliquat336 concentration on the extraction of metals after... 186
Fig. 13. McCabe-Thiele plot for extration of HCl with 1.5M TEHA.(The... 188
Fig. 14. Effect of the concentration of HCl on the extraction of HCl with 1.5M TEHA. 189
Fig. 15. McCabe-Thiele plot for stripping of HCl from loaded TEHA by water. 189
Fig. 16. General scheme for recovery of metals from the spent petroleum catalyst by leaching processing followed by solvent extraction and stripping. 190
Fig. 17. McCabe-Thiele plot for Fe extraction with 0.3M TBP. 194
Fig. 18. McCabe-Thiele plot for Fe stripping from loaded 0.3M TBP with 0.1M HCl. 194
Fig. 19. McCabe-Thiele plot for Pt extraction with 0.3M Aliquat336. 196
Fig. 20. McCabe-Thiele plot for Pt stripping from loaded 0.3M Aliquat336 with HClO₄. 196
Fig. 21. McCabe-Thiele plot for HCl extration with 0.75M TEHA 198
Fig. 22. McCabe-Thiele plot for HCl extraction with 1M TEHA 198
Fig. 23. McCabe-Thiele plot for HCl stripping from 1M TEHA with water. 199
Fig. 24. a) Toluene as diluent, obtained raffinate and loaded TBP.... 200
Fig. 25. Effect of vibration frequency on the extraction of Fe from FeCl₃ solution. 201
2.4.2. Bench규모의 실험장치에서 나노 팔라듐분말 제조기술 개발 24
Fig. 1. Bench 규모의 나노 입자 제조 장치 205
Fig. 2. 팔라듐 나노 입자 제조 실험 기기도(환원제 NaBH₄ 이용) 206
Fig. 3. 팔라듐 나노 입자 제조 실험 기기도(환원제 H₂ 이용) 207
Fig. 4. TEM image. 209
Fig. 5. TEM image. 210
Fig. 6. TEM image. 211
Fig. 7. TEM image. 214
Fig. 8. TEM image. 215
Fig. 9. TEM image. 216
Fig. 10. TEM image. 219
Fig. 11. TEM image. 220
Fig. 12. TEM image. 221
Fig. 13. TEM image. 224
Fig. 14. TEM image. 225
Fig. 15. TEM image. 227
Fig. 16. TEM image. 230
Fig. 17. TEM image. 231
Fig. 18. TEM image. 232
Fig. 19. TEM image. 235
Fig. 20. TEM image. 236
Fig. 21. TEM image. 237
2.5.1. 폐촉매의 침출 및 용매추출에 의한 백금의 분리회수 25
Fig. 1. Photo of 3 L water bath leaching reactor equipment. 242
Fig. 2. Photo of the mixer-settler employed in this work. 245
Fig. 1-1. Photo of Disk Mill used in this work. 247
Fig. 1-2. Spent catalysts with 2cm depth were placed in the plate for the heat... 247
Fig. 1-3. Muffle furnace for the treatment of spent catalysts. 248
Fig. 1-4. Metal residue fallen off from the metal plate due to the high temperature. 248
Fig. 1-5. The spent catalysts were mixed evenly in the plastic bag.The catalysts shown... 249
Fig. 1-7. Photo of leaching equipment provided by Sungil HighTech. 251
Fig. 1-8. Photo of filtration equipment. 251
Fig. 1-9. 500 ml scale leaching equipment. 254
Fig. 1-10. Photo of plverizer, supplied by BICO INC. 256
Fig. 1-11. Photo of sieve shaker, Tyler RX-29-16. 256
Fig. 1-12. Muffle furnace used in roasting process, two layers of plate was placed at one... 257
Fig. 1-13. Spent catalysts before(Left picture) and after(Right picture) roasting. 257
Fig. 1-14. Photo of vacuum filter. 259
Fig. 2-1. Schematic of a horizontal mixer-sellers. 262
Fig. 2-2. Side view of one unite if the mixer-settler extractor 263
Fig. 2-3. Diagram of a packed column 264
Fig. 2-4. Pulse Column with perforate plates. 265
Fig. 2-5. Cutaway view of an operating centrifugal contactor. 266
Fig. 2-6. McCabe-Thiele plot for Fe extraction with 0.3 M TBP. 268
Fig. 2-7. Mixer-settler operation on Fe extraction process. 270
Fig. 2-8. McCabe-Thiele plot for Fe stripping from loaded 0.3 M TBP with 0.1 M HCl. 270
Fig. 2-9. McCabe-Thiele plot for Pt extraction with 0.3 M Aliquat 336. 272
Fig. 2-10. McCabe-Thiele plot for Pt stripping from loaded 0.3 M Aliquat 336 with 1 M... 273
Fig. 2-11. McCabe-Thiele plot for HCl extraction with 1 M TEHA 275
Fig. 2-12. HCl loaded THEA and TEHA after stripping. 276
Fig. 2-13. McCabe-Thiele plot for HCl stripping from 1 M TEHA with water. 277
Fig. 4-23. General scheme for recovery ofmetals from the spent petroleum catalysts by leaching processing foilwed by mixer-settler operation. 280
2.5.2. 폐촉매 침출액에서 용매추출로 분리한 백금용액으로부터 촉매용 나노 백금분말 제조 26
Fig. 3-1. Bench 규모의 나노 입자 제조 장치 283
Fig. 3-2. 백금 나노 입자 제조 실험 기기도(환원제 NaBH₄ 이용) 284
Fig. 3-3. XRD patterns of nano platinum particles obtained in this study. 287
Fig. 3-4. TEM image and metal size distribution diagrams. 288
세부 2. 재생 귀금속 기반 나노입자 제조를 위한 바이오 융합기술 개발 318
Figure 1. 금속 나노입자의 생산 위한 기술 전반에 대한 국제 특허출원 현황. 336
Figure 2. 금속 나노입자의 제조관련 SCI급 논문 게재 동향 338
Figure 3. UV-vis spectra of gold nanoparticles using Pseudomonas. 349
Figure 4. UV-vis spectra of silver nanoparticles using Pseudomonas. 350
Figure 5. UV-vis spectra of gold nanoparticles using Bacillus. 352
Figure 6. UV-vis spectra of silver nanoparticles using Bacillus. 353
Figure 7. UV-vis spectra of gold nanoparticles using Staphylococcus. 355
Figure 8. UV-vis spectra of silver nanoparticles using Staphylococcus. 356
Figure 9. TEM images of a) gold and b) silver nanoparticles using Staphylococcus. 357
Figure 10. UV-vis spectra of gold nanoparticles using Lactobacillus. 360
Figure 11. UV-vis spectra of silver nanoparticles using Lactobacillus. 361
Figure 12. TEM images of a) gold, b) silver, c) palladium, and d) platinum... 362
Figure 13. XRD of a) gold, b) palladium, and c) platinum nanoparticles. 363
Figure 14. TEM images of gold nanoparticles using a) Photonacterium sp.,... 365
Figure 15. UV-vis spectra of silver nanoparticles in the absence... 367
Figure 16. TEM images of Ag nanoparticles produced by a) active and b) inactive... 368
Figure 17. X-ray diffraction of Ag nanoparticles produced by (a) active and (b)... 369
Figure 18. Synthesis of AuNPs using 1 mM KI supplemented in marine medium 371
Figure 19. X-ray diffraction patterns of Au nanopartides 372
Figure 20. Synthesis of AuNPs using 1 mM NaBr supplemented in marine medium 374
Figure 21. Synthesis of AuNPs using 1 % Glucose supplemented in marine medium 376
Figure 22. Synthesis of AuNPs using 1 % Starch supplemented in marine medium 378
Figure 23. Synthesis of AuNPs using sulphate medium for cell growth 380
Figure 24. X-ray diffraction patterns of Au nanoparticles 381
Figure 25. Synthesis of Au nanoparticles using cellulose medium for cell growth 383
Figure 26. Synthesis of Au nanoparticles using Phosphate medium for cell growth 385
Figure 27. X-ray diffraction patterns of Au nanoparticles 386
Figure 28. Synthesis of Au nanoparticles using nitrate medium for cell growth 388
Figure 29. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 390
Figure 30. Enzyme assay for testing synthesis of enzyme broth 393
Figure 31. 2D gel electrophoresis to observe the protein profile of Jeotgalibacillus... 394
Figure 32. Potentiometric titration of the raw biomass(C. glutamicum). 396
Figure 33. FTIR spectrum of the C. glutamicum biomass. 398
Figure 34. Picture of vessel after bioreduction using raw biomass(RB) and... 400
Figure 35. TEM images of Au nanoparticles produced by a) RB and b) PEIB 401
Figure 36. XRD images of Au nanoparticles produced by a) RB and b) PEIB 402
Figure 37. Results of ICP analysis 406
Figure 38. TEM images of platinum nanoparticles 408
Figure 39. Percentage conversion of gold nanoparticles. 412
Figure 40. 여러 가지 식물추출물을 이용하여 제조한 골드 나노입자의 UV-vis spectra 413
Figure 41. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 동백나무. 416
Figure 42. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 산유자나무. 417
Figure 43. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 곰솔(해송). 418
Figure 44. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 차나무. 419
Figure 45. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 단풍나무. 420
Figure 46. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 산뽕나무. 421
Figure 47. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 쑥. 422
Figure 48. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 삼나무. 423
Figure 49. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 소나무. 424
Figure 50. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 감나무. 425
Figure 51. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 밤나무. 426
Figure 52. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 은행나무. 427
Figure 53. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 분버들. 428
Figure 54. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 고로쇠나무. 429
Figure 55. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 고추나무, 머루나무. 430
Figure 56. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 대추나무. 431
Figure 57. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using 조록나무. 432
Figure 58. TEM images of Au nanoparticles using plant extract; spherical. 434
Figure 59. TEM images of Au nanoparticles by plant extract. 435
Figure 60. Biogenic Au nanoparticles using 산뽕나무. 436
Figure 61. Percentage conversion of a) palladium and b) platinum nanoparticles. 438
Figure 62. Biogenic Au nanoparticles using Piper betle. 440
Figure 63. XRD pattern of Au nanoparticles using Piper betle. 441
Figure 64. UV-vis spectra of Au nanoparticles using Ocimum sanctum. 442
Figure 65. Biogenic Au nanoparticles using Ocimum sanctum. 443
Figure 66. XRD pattern of Au nanoparticles using Ocimum sanctum. 444
Figure 67.(a) UV-vis spectra of gold nanoparticles formation(30 ℃) after biological... 446
Figure 68. TEM images of gold nanoparticles synthesized by the reduction of 1 mM... 447
Figure 69.(a) UV-vis spectra of gold nanoparticles formation(pH 3) after biological... 449
Figure 70. TEM images of gold nanoparticles synthesized by the reduction of 1 mM... 450
Figure 71. Lespedeza cyrtobotrya 추출물을 이용하여 제조된 Ag 나노입자. 452
Figure 72. Scheme used for the preparation of O. sanctum extracts which used... 454
Figure 73. Image of solvent fraction method. 455
Figure 74. UV-vis-NIR adsorption spectra of gold nanoparticles formation after... 457
Figure 75. TEM images of the gold nanoparticles synthesized by (a) O. sanctum... 458
Figure 76. FE-SEM images of the gold nanoparticles synthesized by(a-b) O.... 459
Figure 77. FTIR spectrum of (a) O. sanctum extract(plot a) before reaction with... 461
Figure 78. UV-vis spectra of gold nanoparticles formation after biological reduction... 463
Figure 79. TEM images of gold nanoparticles synthesized by the reduction of 1mM... 464
Figure 80. GC-MS chromatogram of hexane fraction. 466
Figure 81. GC-MS chromatogram of (a) HPLC fraction 1 and... 468
Figure 82. Relationship of antioxidant activity and reducing power... 472
Figure 83. Structure of antioxidants. 474
Figure 84. Antioxidant effect of various antioxidants against electron donating ability 475
Figure 85. FE-TEM image 477
Figure 86. FE-TEM image 478
Figure 87. X-ray diffraction patterns of Pt nanoparticles using antioxidants. 479
Figure 88. TEM image of Pt nanoparticles synthesized by chlorogenic acid. 480
Figure 89. TEM image of Pd nanoparticles synthesized using 0.086 g gallic acid... 481
Figure 90. TEM images of Ag nanowire. 483
Figure 91. TEM image of platinum nanoparticles synthesized using 1 M gallic acid... 484
Figure 92. X-ray diffraction patterns of PtNPs formation using gallic acid... 485
Figure 93. LC-MS chromatogram of(a) bachground; Gold solution,... 487
Figure 94. MS/MS chromatogram of predicted degradation pathway of ferulic acid. 488
Figure 95. Au:FA=1:5 조건에서 제조된 Au 나노입자의 TEM image. 490
Figure 96. 다양한 Au와 ferulic add의 비율에 따라 제조된 나노입자의 GC-MS. 491
Figure 97. [EMIM]OAc 농도의 영향... 493
Figure 98. (i)(a) 1% [EMIM]OAc와(b) 50% [EMIM]OAc에 의해 정제된 나노입자의 XRD... 494
Figure 99. 다양한 [EMIM]OAc 농도에 따라 제조된 Au 나노입자의 TEM 이미지 495
Figure 100. 제조한 Au 나노입자의 FESEM과 EDAX 496
Figure 101. 다양한 농도의 sodium citrate를 이용하여 정제된 Au 나노입자의... 498
Figure 102. 다양한 농도의 sodium citrate를 아용하여 정제된 Au 나노입지의 TEM 이미지. 499
Figure 103. 다양한 농도의 SDS를 이용하여 정제된 Au 나노입자의... 501
Figure 104. 다양한 농도의 SDS를 이용하여 정제된 Au 나노입자의 TEM 이미지. 502
Figure 105. FESEM과 EDAX 분석 503
Figure 106. 다양한 온도 조건에서 생성된 Au 나노입자 용액의 색깔. 505
Figure 107. 다양한 온도 조건에서 생성된 Au 나노입자 UV-spectrum. 506
Figure 108. 다양한 온도 조건에서 생성된 Au 나노입자의 TEM 이미지. 507
Figure 109. 1 mM ferulic acid를 이용하여 제조된 Au 나노입자의 UV-NIR-vis. 510
Figure 110. 1.5 mM ferulic acid 조건에서 제조된 비등방성 나노입자의 HR-TEM... 511
Figure 111. 1.5 mM ferulic acid 조건에서 제조된 비등방성 나노입자의 AFM image. 512
Figure 112. 다양한 농도의 Au를 이용하여 제조한 나노입자의 UV-NIR-vis spectrum;... 514
Figure 113. 다양한 농도의 Au를 이용하여 제조한 나노입자의 TEM images. 515
Figure 114. 다양한 환원제의 농도에 따라 제조된 Pt 나노입자의 TEM images 517
Figure 115. 다양한 환원제의 농도에 따라 제조된 Pd 나노입자의 TEM images 518
Figure 116. 0.1 M gallic acid를 이용하여 제조된 나노입자의 XRD pattern 520
Figure 117. 0.1 M gallic acid를 이용하여 제조된 나노입자의 HR-TEM과 SAED pattern 521
Figure 118. Pt와 Pd 나노입자의 size distribution. 522
Figure 119. 다른 농도 비율 조건에서 합성된 Pt 나노입자의 TEM images. 524
Figure 120. Pt:CA=1:1, 1:3 비율 조건에서 합성된 Pt 나노입자의 XRD pattern. 525
Figure 121. 반응 시간에 따른 Pt 나노입자로의 전환율. 527
Figure 122. 다양한 반응 시간에 따라 제조된 Pt 나노입자의 TEM 이미지. 528
Figure 123. 반응 시간에 따른 Pd 나노입자로의 전환율. 529
Figure 124. 다양한 반응시간에 따라 제조된 Pd 나노입자의 TEM 이미지. 530
Figure 125. 반응 시간에따라서 제조된 Au 나노입자의 UV-vis spectra. 532
Figure 126. 반응 시간에따른 Au 나노입자로의 전환율. 533
Figure 127. 다양한 반응시간에 따라 제조된 Au 나노입자의 TEM 이미지. 534
Figure 128. Au 나노입자의 XRD pattern. 535
Figure 129. 다양한 pH 영역에서 제조된 Au 나노입자의 TEM 이미지. 537
Figure 130. 다양한 pH 영역에서 제조된 Au 나노입자의 UV-vis spectra. 538
Figure 131. 다양한 pH 영역에서 제조된 Au 나노입자의 전환율. 539
Figure 132. Au 나노입자의 UV-vis spectra(pre-synthesis). 542
Figure 133. 다양한 counter ion과 할로겐 이온을 이용하여 제조한 Au 나노입자의 TEM... 543
Figure 134. 다양한 counter ion과 할로겐 이온을 이용하여 제조한 Au 나노입자의... 544
Figure 135. Au 나노입자의 XRD pattern. 545
Figure 136. 반응시간에 따른 Au 나노입자로의 전환율. 547
Figure 137. Bromide ions를 이용하여 제조한 Au 나노입자의 TEM 이미지. 548
Figure 138. Iodide ions를 이용하여 제조한 Au 나노입자의 TEM 이미지. 549
Figure 139. 제조한 나노입자의 Cyclic Voltammetry. 551
Figure 140. 상용 Pt 나노입자와 a, b) 합성한 Pt 나노입자의 c, d) TEM image. 552
Figure 141. 상용 Pt 나노입자와 합성한 Pt 나노입자의 CV. 553
Figure 142. UV-vis spectra of Pd NPs recorded as a function of time 555
Figure 143. XRD pattern of PdNPs using EE leaf extract 556
Figure 144. TEM images of monometallic Pd NPs at different magnifications using... 557
Figure 145. Cyclic voltammograms for Pd NPs. 558
Figure 146. UV-vis spectra of 4-nitrophenol reduction with time using Pd NPs. 559
Figure 147. Lespedeza cyrtobotrya 추출물을 이용하여 제조된 Ag 나노입자. 561
Figure 148. Ag 나노입자의 antibacterial activity 평가 562
Figure 149. Ag 나노입자의 antibacterial activity 평가 564
Figure 150. CNT에 담지된 Pt 나노입자의 TEM 이미지. 566
Figure 151. 6시간 동안 제조된 Pt 나노입자(위) CNT 첨가 후의(아래) TEM 이미지. 568
Figure 152. 12시간 동안제조된 Pt 나노입자(위) CNT 첨가 후의(아래) TEM 이미지. 569
Figure 153. 24시간 동안 제조된 Pt 나노입자(위) CNT 첨가 후의(아래) TEM 이미지. 570
Figure 154. 48시간 동안 제조된 Pt 나노입자(위) CNT 첨가 후의(아래) TEM 이미지. 571
Figure 155. 72시간 동안 제조된 Pt 나노입자(위) CNT 첨가 후의(아래) TEM 이미지. 572
Figure 156. 제조된 Pt 나노입자의 TEM images a-b), Pt-CNT TEM images c-d). 573
Figure 157. 제조된 Pt-CNT 복합체 a)와 Pt 나노입자 b)의 XRD pattern. 574
Figure 158. Pt L3 XANES 576
Figure 159. Pt-CNT 복합체 제조 방법에 따른 TEM images. 577
Figure 160. pH에 따라 제조된 Pt-CNT 복합체의 TEM images. 579
Figure 161. pH에 따라 제조된 Pt-CNT 복합체의 XRD pattern. 580
Figure 162. pH에 따라 제조된 Pt-CNT 복합체의 원심분리 후 용액의 사진. 582
Figure 163. pH 12에서 반응 후 pH 2로 낮춘 후의 Pt 나노입자 전환율. 583
Figure 164. pH 12에서 반응 후 pH 2로 낮춘 후의 Pt-CNT 복합체의 TEM images. 584
Figure 165. pH 12에서 반응 후 pH 2로 낮춘 후의 Pt-CNT 복합체의 XRD pattern. 585
Figure 166. Pt-CNT 복합체의 CV. 587
Figure 167. 다양한 pH 조건에서 제조된 Pt-CNT 복합체의 CV. 588
Figure 168. Ag-CNT 제조 방법 모식도 590
Figure 169. CNT, CNT-COOH, CNT-AO, 그리고 Ag-CNT 복합체의 IR spectrum. 592
Figure 170. Ag-CNT 복합체의 XRD pattern. 593
Figure 171. Ag-CNT 복합체의 TEM images. 594
Figure 172. Ag-CNT 복합체의 FE-SEM images 595
Figure 173. Disc method를 이용한 Ag-CNT 복합체의 항균활성 테스트. 596
Figure 174. Hole method를 이용한 Ag-CNT 복합체의 항균활성 테스트. 597
Figure 175. Ag-waste fiber(좌)와 waste fiber(우) 600
Figure 176. 수질정화(a)와 공기정화(b) 실험 모식도. 601
Figure 177. Ag-waste fiber를 이용한 수질정화 결과. 602
Figure 178. Ag-waste fiber를 이용한 공기정화 결과. 603
Figure 179. Ag-waste fiber를 이용한 Cd 흡착 결과. 604
Figure 180. PBBF(위)와 Ag-PBBF(아래) 606
Figure 181. Ag-PBBF를 이용한 수질정화 결과. 607
Figure 182. Ag-PBBF를 이용한 공기정화 결과. 608
Figure 183. 금속 나노입자의 생물합성 모식도. 618
세부 3. 폐전지내의 백금족 희유금속 회수 및 활용 기술 개발 642
Fig. 1. Structure of polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack. 649
Fig. 2. Process of preparing to platinum nano particles. 652
Fig. 3. Raw material - MEA. 662
Fig. 4. Diagram of MEA and Difference between CCM and CCG. 663
Fig. 5. Process of Platinum recovery from used Membrane Electrode... 664
Fig. 6. SEM-EDAX Analysis of MEA(A Company). 666
Fig. 7. SEM-EDAX Analysis of MEA(B Company). 667
Fig. 8. Photo of Used MEA(C Company). 668
Fig. 9. Image of SEM/EDX of used fuel cell catalyst layer(before acid leaching). 670
Fig. 10. Image of SEM/EDX of used f uel cell catalyst layer(after acid leaching). 671
Fig. 11. Image of TGA. 674
Fig. 12. Picture of membrane removing from MEA. 676
Fig. 13. Process of membrane removing from MEA. 677
Fig. 14. Leaching reactor. 678
Fig. 15. Leaching test for the different Oxidizing agent. 680
Fig. 16. Leaching test for different concentration(25%,... 681
Fig. 17. Leaching test for different concentration(0.5M, 1M,... 682
Fig. 18. Leaching test for the different Oxidizing agent... 683
Fig. 19. Leaching test for the different Temperature. 685
Fig. 20. Leaching test for the different Temperature(50-8... 686
Fig. 21. Leaching efficiency for different concentration... 688
Fig. 22. Leaching efficiency for different temperature... 689
Fig. 23. Leaching efficiency for different temperature at... 690
Fig. 24. Leaching efficiency for different stack weight ratio. 692
Fig. 25. Leaching efficiency of repetition of leaching... 693
Fig. 26. Diagram of Acid leaching reactor(3,000ml). 695
Fig. 27. The result of ICP(Inductively-coupled plasma)... 698
Fig. 28. The result of ICP(Inductively-coupled plasma)... 699
Fig. 29. The repeatablillity result of acid leaching... 700
Fig. 30. Speciation of platinum using MEDUSA program. 704
Fig. 31. Chemical precipitation of platinum for the... 707
Fig. 32. Extraction efficiency of simulated Pt solution at... 710
Fig. 33. Repeat extraction experiment. 711
Fig. 34. Extraction efficiency of Pt at different phase... 712
Fig. 35. Stripping efficiency at different HClO₄... 713
Fig. 36. Process of separation, concentration and recovery of... 715
Fig. 37. Sorption isotherm of Pt and Ru onto the ion exchange resins. 716
Fig. 38. Sorption isotherm of Pt and Ru onto the Amberjet-4400. 717
Fig. 39. Desorption of Pt-loaded Amberjet-4400... 718
Fig. 40. Image of SEM/EDX of ion exchange resin. 722
Fig. 41. XPS wide scan, C 1s and Pt 4f core-level spectra. 723
Fig. 42. Equilibrium isotherm of Pt onto simulated Pt... 727
Fig. 43. Freundlich model fitting for adsorption of... 728
Fig. 44. Equilibrium isotherm of Pt onto acid leaching Pt... 729
Fig. 45. Freundlich model fitting for adsorption of acid... 730
Fig. 46. Freundlich model and Langmuir model fitting... 731
Fig. 47. Langmuir model fitting for simulated Pt solution... 732
Fig. 48. Influence of contact time on the adsorption of... 736
Fig. 49. Pseudo-first-order kinetic polts for the... 737
Fig. 50. Pseudo-second-order kinetic polts for the... 738
Fig. 51. The configuration of Continuous adsorption process. 741
Fig. 52. Breakthrough curve of material delivery area of narrow(a) and wide(b). 742
Fig. 53. Continuous adsorption of acid leaching solution using anion-exchange resins. 744
Fig. 54. The breakthrough curve of acid leaching... 745
Fig. 55. X-ray diffraction analysis of the ashes obtained after... 749
Fig. 56. X-ray diffraction analysis of ashes calcining... 751
Fig. 57. Survey of X-ray photoelectron spectra of each... 754
Fig. 58. C 1s X-ray photoelectron spectra of each... 755
Fig. 59. Pt 4f X-ray photoelectron spectra of each... 756
Fig. 60. Final recovery rate. 757
Fig. 61. Process of Pt nano particles. 761
Fig. 62. Diagram of Pt particle synthesis process. 762
Fig. 63. The effect of Platinum... 764
Fig. 64. TEM image of Pt nano particles from different Pt... 767
Fig. 65. Photograph and TEM Image of the platinum nano particles at... 770
Fig. 66. The effect of reductant 3mM, 5mM,... 772
Fig. 67. TEM Image of platinum nano particle at different reducing agent.... 776
Fig. 68. The effect of Surfactant 2mM,... 778
Fig. 69. TEM Image of the platinum nano particle at different dispersing... 781
Fig. 70. Photograph and TEM Image of synthesis of platinum nano... 783
Fig. 71. XPS wide scan(left) and Pt 4f core-level spectra(right) for... 784
Fig. 72. Picture of manufacturing chloroplatinic acid. 786
Fig. 73. XRD analysis of manufacturing chloroplatinic acid. 788
Fig. 74. Schematic representation of the optical changes of a... 789
Fig. 75. Picture of chloroplatinic acid... 791
Fig. 76. TEM image of colloidal platinum nanoparticles. 792
Fig. 77. Picture of chloroplatinic acid... 793
Fig. 78. TEM image of colloidal platinum... 794
Fig. 79. Process for the... 802
Fig. 80. CV result of in the platinum surface at 1M sulfuric acid... 809
Fig. 81. Platinum and platinum alloy catalysts compared to the oxygen... 810
Fig. 82. PrOx reactor system. 812
Fig. 83. Alumina coating before and after(5mm, 3mm alumina ball). 815
Fig. 84. Coating process of recovered the transition metal(Cu, Ce) and... 818
Fig. 85. Power type catalyst for selective oxidation... 819
Fig. 86. Ball type catalyst for selective... 820
Fig. 87. Gas Analyzer(CO measurement... 821
Fig. 88. Gas Chromatography. 822
Fig. 89. According to the amount of GHSV on catalyst... 824
Fig. 90. Catalyst in the selective oxidation reactor. 826
Fig. 91. Evaluation of powder type catalyst. 827
Fig. 92. CO concentration compare of O2/CO ratio. 828
Fig. 93. CO concentration compare of prepared by... 829
Fig. 94. evaluation of ball type catalyst. 830
Fig. 95. Performance evaluation of Ball type(3mm)... 831
Fig. 96. Evaluation of ball type(3mm) catalyst for change... 832
Fig. 97. Recovered using a platinum Pt/C catalyst preparing process. 834
Fig. 98. Preparing of 40wt% Pt/C and ink catalyst. 836
Fig. 99. Amount of Nation by using a commercial platinum for Pt/C... 839
Fig. 100. Pt/C electrocatalyst by Pre-treatment on carbon black(Nafion 10... 840
Fig. 101. Amount of Nation by using a recovered... 841
Fig. 102. XRD result of Pt/C catalyst for using by... 843
Fig. 103. XRD result of Pt/C catalyst for using by... 844
Fig. 104. TGA result of Pt/C catalyst for acid treated... 846
Fig. 105. TGA result of Pt/C catalyst for acid treated... 847
Fig. 106. TGA result of applied to recovered platinum... 848
Fig. 107. TGA result of applied to recovered platinum... 849
Fig. 108. TEM result of catalyst applied to recovered platinum. 851
Fig. 109. TEM result of Pt/C catalyst prepared by recovered platinum(a) and... 852
Fig. 110. Changing the... 853
Fig. 111. Changing the... 854
Fig. 112. Changing the... 855
Fig. 113. Changing the... 856
Fig. 114. The picture of cyclic voltammetry device and experimental. 858
Fig. 115. Cyclic voltammogram of prepared recovered... 859
Fig. 116. Cyclic voltammogram of commercial... 860
Fig. 117. Compare of CV for commercial and recovered... 861
Fig. 118. Effect of Nafion content for a commercial... 863
Fig. 119. Effect of Nafion content for a commercial... 864
Fig. 120. Effect of adding Nafion amount after acid... 865
Fig. 121. Effect of adding Nafion amount after add and... 866
Fig. 122. Cyclic voltammogram result of commercial... 871
Fig. 123. Oxygen reduction reaction result of... 872
Fig. 124. P&ID of leaching and adsorption continuation system. 876
Fig. 125. The arrangement plan of leaching and adsorption continuation system. 877
Fig. 126. The picture of leaching and adsorption continuation system. 878
Fig. 127. The arrangement plan of platinum nano particles synthesis system. 880
Fig. 128. The picture of platinum nano particle production equipment. 881
Fig. 129. Result of TEM image for Pt/C catalyst prepared by platinum... 882
Fig. 130. XRD of compared a trial product with... 883
Fig. 131. Simulation of platinum price response to increased platinum demand... 896
Fig. 132. Forecasted platinum demand for FCVs. 896
Fig. 133. U.S. cost breakdown by fuel cell subsystem. 897
Fig. 134. Platinum supply and demand to 2020. 898
Fig. 135. Platinum demand by application 2010. 898
Fig. 136. World platinum production and annual platinum demand. 899
Fig. 137. The market forecast base on fuel cell vehicle... 900
Fig. 138. Global Fuel Cell Market Forecast. 900
이용현황보기
가상서가
원문구축 및 2018년 이후 자료는 524호에서 직접 열람하십시요.
도서위치안내: / 서가번호:
우편복사 목록담기를 완료하였습니다.
* 표시는 필수사항 입니다.
* 주의: 국회도서관 이용자 모두에게 공유서재로 서비스 됩니다.
저장 되었습니다.
로그인을 하시려면 아이디와 비밀번호를 입력해주세요. 모바일 간편 열람증으로 입실한 경우 회원가입을 해야합니다.
공용 PC이므로 한번 더 로그인 해 주시기 바랍니다.
아이디 또는 비밀번호를 확인해주세요