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자료명/저자사항
Coethnicity : diversity and the dilemmas of collective action / James Habyarimana ... [et al.] 인기도
발행사항
New York : Russell Sage Foundation, c2009
청구기호
307.1416 -A10-1
자료실
[서울관] 서고(열람신청 후 1층 대출대)
형태사항
xiii, 235 p. : ill., charts ; 24 cm
총서사항
The Russell Sage Foundation series on trust
표준번호/부호
ISBN: 9780871544209 (alk. paper)
제어번호
MONO2201003916
주기사항
Includes bibliographical references (p. 219-227) and index
내용: Diversity and collective action -- Public goods provision in Kampala -- Ethnicity and ethnic identifiability -- Testing the mechanisms -- A closer look at reciprocity -- Beyond the lab -- Conclusion

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Contents

Acknowledgments ix

About the Authors xv

Chapter 1 Diversity and Collective Action 1

Chapter 2 Public Goods Provision in Kampala 25

Chapter 3 Ethnicity and Ethnic Identifiability 36

Chapter 4 Testing the Mechanisms 68

Chapter 5 A Closer Look at Reciprocity 105

Chapter 6 Beyond the Lab 132

Chapter 7 Conclusions 151

Appendix A Sampling Procedure 175

Appendix B Main Statistical Results 185

Appendix C Images of the Field Site, Experimental Games, and Research Team 195

Notes 201

References 219

Index 229

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    Ethnically homogenous communities often do a better job than diverse communities of producing public goods such as satisfactory schools and health care, adequate sanitation, and low levels of crime. Coethnicity reports the results of a landmark study that aimed to find out why diversity has this cooperation-undermining effect. The study, conducted in a neighborhood of Kampala, Uganda, notable for both its high levels of diversity and low levels of public goods provision, hones in on the mechanisms that might account for the difficulties diverse societies often face in trying to act collectively.

    The Mulago-Kyebando Community Study uses behavioral games to explore how the ethnicity of the person with whom one is interacting shapes social behavior. Hundreds of local participants interacted with various partners in laboratory games simulating real-life decisions involving the allocation of money and the completion of joint tasks. Many of the subsequent findings debunk long-standing explanations for diversity's adverse effects. Contrary to the prevalent notion that shared preferences facilitate ethnic collective action, differences in goals and priorities among participants were not found to be structured along ethnic lines. Nor was there evidence that subjects favored the welfare of their coethnics over that of non-coethnics. When given the opportunity to act altruistically, individuals did not choose to benefit coethnics disproportionately when their actions were anonymous. Yet when anonymity was removed, subjects behaved very differently. With their actions publicly observed, subjects gave significantly more to coethnics, expected their partners to reciprocate, and expected that they would be sanctioned for a failure to cooperate. This effect was most pronounced among individuals who were otherwise least likely to cooperate. These results suggest that what may look like ethnic favoritism is, in fact, a set of reciprocity norms--stronger among coethnics than among non-coethnics--that make it possible for members of more homogeneous communities to take risks, invest, and cooperate without the fear of getting cheated. Such norms may be more subject to change than deeply held ethnic antipathies--a powerful finding for policymakers seeking to design social institutions in diverse societies.

    Research on ethnic diversity typically draws on either experimental research or field work. Coethnicity does both. By taking the crucial step from observation to experimentation, this study marks a major breakthrough in the study of ethnic diversity.

    A Volume in the Russell Sage Foundation Series on Trust

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