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Title page

Contents

Acknowledgments 5

Acronyms and Abbreviations 6

Executive Summary 8

I. Introduction 22

1. MOTIVATION 22

2. SETTING THE SCENE: SOCIAL PROTECTION, PEOPLE, AND TECHNOLOGY 26

3. SCOPE 27

II. Conceptual Framework 30

Part 1. Core Characteristics 30

A. LEVELS OF SOCIAL PROTECTION 30

B. ONTOLOGY OF DSPDS 37

SPOTLIGHT 1. UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENT STARTING POINTS OF DSPDS 50

Part 2. Data 53

A. DATA 53

B. PROCESSING 64

Part 3. Delivery Chain 67

A. ASSESS 67

SPOTLIGHT 2. EVOLUTION OF WELFARE ASSESSMENT IN CHILE 89

B. ENROLL 91

C. PROVIDE 94

D. MANAGE 98

Part 4. Technology 102

A. ARCHITECTURE 102

B. APPLICATIONS 108

C. DATABASE 114

D. DATA EXCHANGE AND INTEROPERABILITY 116

E. INFRASTRUCTURE 120

SPOTLIGHT 3. INDICATIVE FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW AND REQUIREMENTS FOR dSR 121

Part 5. Governance 128

A. STRATEGIC ("HIGH-LEVEL") 132

B. ADMINISTRATIVE ("BACK OFFICE") 145

C. OPERATIONAL ("FRONT OFFICE") 149

Part 6. Performance 152

A. RESULTS CHAIN 152

B. DSPDS PERFORMANCE METRICS 155

C. SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE 156

III. Assessment Tool 161

STEP 1. COUNTRY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION CONTEXT 163

STEP 2. SYSTEMS ASSESSMENT 167

Bibliography 185

ANNEX 1. EXEMPLAR OF SYNERGIES: INTEROPERABILITY BETWEEN DSPDS AND DISASTER RISK INFORMATION SYSTEMS 193

ANNEX 2. LIST OF POTENTIAL INDICATORS TO MONITOR THE PERFORMANCE OF DSPDS 195

ANNEX 3. BUSINESS PROCESS AND JOURNEY MAPS 200

ANNEX 4. GLOSSARY: IT CHEAT SHEET 202

Tables

TABLE 1. Trade-offs between directly and indirectly collected data 60

TABLE 2. Sample codebooks for household members and relationships 74

TABLE 3. Household definitions across the world 74

TABLE 4. Common approaches to assessing needs and conditions 82

TABLE 5. DSPDS and dSR architectural models for data management and data integration 117

TABLE A. Country at a glance 163

TABLE B. Program mapping 164

TABLE C. Cross-cutting systems 165

Figures

FIGURE A. Social protection delivery chain 11

FIGURE B. DSPDS: common component systems and their functions 12

FIGURE 1. Our present times are defined by a polycrisis and long-term global challenges 23

FIGURE 2. Social protection benefits and services 25

FIGURE 3. Core characteristics of DSPDS 31

FIGURE 4. Social protection policies, programs, and delivery systems 33

FIGURE 5. DSPDS: common component systems and their functions 38

FIGURE 6. Coverage and data collection methods for social registries around the world 40

FIGURE 7. Dynamic social registry (dSR) 41

FIGURE 8. Unique identification 43

FIGURE 9. Beneficiary operations management systems (BOMS) and integrated beneficiary registry (IBR) 44

FIGURE 10. Multi-program multi-provider payments 46

FIGURE 11. From data generation to intervention delivery 54

FIGURE 12. Benchmark of harmonized socioeconomic questionnaires 58

FIGURE 13. Modular data sets (illustrative) 58

FIGURE 14. dSR and IBR data sources 62

FIGURE 15. Half-life of data in static and dynamic social registries (illustrative) 64

FIGURE 16. DSPDS data pipelines 65

FIGURE 17. Social protection delivery systems are facilitated by interactions between people and institutions 68

FIGURE 18. Outreach for DSPDS 71

FIGURE 19. dSR zoom-in: data intake modalities 76

FIGURE 20. Methodology for the measurement of multidimensional poverty in Mexico 88

FIGURE 21. Evolution of government to person payments for social protection 95

FIGURE 22. Payments zoom-in: provision modalit 97

FIGURE 23. An architectural framework for DSPDS, data flow, and interoperability 107

FIGURE 24. Data protection and privacy principles 141

FIGURE 25. Frequent interactions between people and DSP 150

FIGURE 26. Results chain for DSPDS 154

FIGURE 27. Social protection delivery confusion cube 159

Boxes

BOX 1. Governments develop interoperable systems as part of their overall agenda to build trust with people through their day-to-day interactions and... 35

BOX 2. Traditional versus novel data sources 61

BOX 3. Perils of vendor lock-in 105

BOX 4. Situating data protection and privacy 137

BOX 5. Principles for protecting personal data 140

BOX 6. Data and the "GDPR era" 142

BOX 7. The elements of consent 144

Annex Figures

FIGURE A1.1. Scalability in response to shocks 194

FIGURE A3.1. Delivery chain process map for unemployment assistance benefits and services in fictional country 200

FIGURE A3.2. Journey map for unemployment assistance benefits and services-fictional person's experience 201

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