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Title page

Contents

Abstract 3

1. Introduction 5

2. Overview of the German admission, reception and integration system 8

2.1. Legal framework and Institutional arraneements 8

2.2. Evolution of the legal framework in recent years 11

3. Germany and the Ukrainian refugee crisis 13

3.1. Ukrainian refugees in Germany 13

3.2. Germany's response to the inflow of Ukrainian refugees 16

4. Initial evidence on Ukrainian refugees' integration and jobs outcomes 18

4.1. Participation in integration and activation measures 18

4.2. Employment outcomes 20

5. Lessons learned from the German experience integrating Ukrainian refugees 25

5.1. Good practices 25

5.2. Remainine challenges 27

5.3. Final remarks 29

References 32

Table 1. Overview of social protection schemes for asylum seekers and those granted any form of protection 10

Figure 1. Ukrainian population in Germany by gender and age 15

Figure 2. Ukrainians participating in labor market activation measures by Job Centers 20

Figure 3. Employment ratios among Ukrainian and Syrian refugees by duration of stay after their respective forced migration shock 22

Figure 4. Ukrainian formal workers are more educated than Syrians and Afghans 24

Figure 5. ....and perform jobs requiring higher skills 24

Boxes

Box 1. Measuring participation in employment services and jobs outcomes among refugees: data sources and limitations 13