The purpose of this research is to show that the measures which develop the customs clearance system mainly is focused on the e-customs formats under the ubiquitous environment of IT technology and accordingly the arrival of a rapidly changing international trade environment.
Due to the Ubiquitous in current environment, customs system can predict the various risk factors related to international trade and can enhance the coordination of the related clearance system rather than a simple computerized procedure of the clearance system. Responding to ubiquitous environmental changes in the international community, the customs administration should be reborn in a better way to make a contribution to the status of our country and to improve our country's competitiveness.
First, the Korea Customs Service promotes various activities such as the Internet customs clearance system in response to a ubiquitous environment. However, it is ascribed to lack of customs infrastructure that low usage of the Internet clearance service, the low installation rate of the Single Window, and low usage of the ubiquitous mobile information technology and RFID utilization which is the core technology of a ubiquitous environment.
Second, the Korea Customs Service has been using the web EDI which enables one-stop service for processing the clearance service on the Internet. The initial closed VAN/EDI customs clearance using Client-Server was built to improve the limited provision and utilization of information such as the customs-oriented clearance service, the limited information sharing and import & export-oriented information. But unlike traditional text-oriented information environment, it is not installed between Korea Customs Service headquarters - the customs, the customs - customs, and the customs - the import-export company that a wide area which is appropriate for the UCC ubiquitous video, image, voice information and the variety of information. And the poor utilization of RFID technology being used to target the vehicles moving in and out of to the Gaesung Industrial Complex at the border and the absence of the specialized technical development problems are also problems.
Third, given the nature of trade and customs system, the efficiency cannot be secured only by one country's system improvement. The smooth information exchange by standardization of customs clearance systems in countries is related with the rapid supply chain. However, considering by the example of the introduction of the CDM and the UCR system promoted by WCO, the research and measures by the government and industry are insufficient. And it is also a problem in the international cooperation that there is no systematic training courses for the professional staff to lead the international cooperation between customs and the active utilization of information provided by the customs attaché from United States, Japan, Hong Kong and overseas.
Fourth, new issues and problems not expected before arise due to development of electronic based trade. Unlike the traditional trade, trade documents and logistics are processed directly or indirectly by the electronic devices. Furthermore, it is difficult to guarantee security because many cases need to be processed urgently. The systematic base and research is needed relating to the stability of the legal issues for electronic documents, e-trading system's appropriate taxation and Internet security issues.
The remedy was suggested as follows :
First, the ubiquitous Customs Administrative infrastructure should be built through enhancing the Internet clearance rate via all reported documents' electronic documentation and complete On-LINE import & export reporting system, increasing the number of institutions using Single-Window structure and providing the expansion of information services via mobile devices.
Second, the Korea has been in the process of building an electronic customs system which is named as UNI-PASS is already exported to Mongolia, the Dominican Republic and the technology transfer is in progress. A foundation for the acceleration of international cooperation system should be built through the international training program that can promote the superiority of Korea's clearance system to customs officials invited from all around the world including the developing countries and professional training courses for the staff who can run the international training program.
Third, there are still many customers who are also familiar with the paper clearance but avoiding the use of the Internet clearance. The customs continuously listen to the problems relating to the e-customs clearance system, improve the convenience and promote customer friendly system from im/export company and customers to ease the smooth transition of the e-customs clearance system.
Finally, the research and the establishment of the appropriate taxation system through the close cooperation with the international organization such as WCO to establish the appropriate tax measures for e-trade between countries in various forms, a preparation to prevent the hacking of electronic document and the vulnerable security and the institutional foundation strengthening the security such as installing a firewall is needed. Additionally, the security measures are needed to prevent a possible terror relating to the international supply chain after the Sept. 11 attacks.