Title Page
Acknowledgement
Contents
ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 11
I. Introduction 13
II. Pension Scheme and Migration 18
1. The Concept of Pension Scheme 18
2. Migration and Pension Scheme 29
III. Pension Schemeand Application forForeignersin US, Germany, Sweden, and South Korea 38
1. United States 38
2. Germany 44
3. Sweden 53
4. Korea 61
IV. Comparison of Pension Scheme for Foreigners 71
1. Comparison of Population 71
2. Comparison of Pension Scheme 76
3. Implication 84
V. Conclusion 90
Bibliography 94
ABSTRACT 97
LIST OF TABLES
〈Table1〉 The Number of States Enforced Pension Scheme 19
〈Table2〉 The Inducing Year of Social Insurance 20
〈Table3〉 The International Comparison of Aging Period 24
〈Table4〉 The Rate of Population over age 65 25
〈Table5〉 The Age-Dependency Ratios 26
〈Table6〉 The Expenditure of Social Welfare 27
〈Table7〉 Integration with the global economy 30
〈Table8〉 Global Estimates of Official Migrant Stocks, by Region, in 2000 32
〈Table9〉 Inflows of foreign population 35
〈Table10〉 Outflows of foreign population 35
〈Table11〉 The sources of income among households, head 65+ years 39
〈Table12〉 Number of Insured Workers 40
〈Table13〉 The growth of social security system 41
〈Table14〉 OASDHI expenditure and the social security rate of total social welfare expenditure 41
〈Table15〉 Inflows of foreign population 42
〈Table16〉 The Number of beneficiaries and average monthly benefit under U.S. totalization agreements 43
〈Table17〉 The sources of income among households, head 65+ years 45
〈Table18〉 The Status of Coverage of Public Pension in Germany by Year 46
〈Table19〉 The Change of Social Insurance contribution 46
〈Table20〉 The Change of Financial Structure of Social Welfare Expenditure 47
〈Table21〉 The Status of Beneficiary in Germany by Year 48
〈Table22〉 Inflows and Outflows of Foreign Population 49
〈Table23〉 The Number and Rate of Foreigners in German Pension Scheme 50
〈Table24〉 The Status of Foreign Beneficiary in Germany 52
〈Table25〉 The sources of income among households, head 65+ years 55
〈Table26〉 The Increasing Rate of Annual Social Spending per Person, 196T1994 56
〈Table27〉 The Rate of Private and Social Insurance Expenditure over GDP 57
〈Table28〉 Flows of foreign population 60
〈Table29〉 Stock of Foreigners in Sweden 61
〈Table30〉 Number of Insured Persons by Coverage 62
〈Table31〉 Amount of Receiving Contribution from Insured Persons of All Categories 63
〈Table32〉Amount of Paying Benefit 63
〈Table33〉 Comparison of the rate between private and public insurance fee 64
〈Table34〉 Flows of foreign population in Korea 67
〈Table35〉 Number of Insured Foreigners 67
〈Table36〉 The Trend of Foreign Contributor' Beneficiary 68
〈Table37〉 Percentage of the Population over 60, 1995-2040 71
〈Table38〉 Population Aged 20. to 59 / Population over 60, 1995-2040 72
〈Table39〉 International Migration 73
〈Table40〉 Stock of foreigners 75
〈Table41〉 Coverage according to three definitions 78
〈Table42〉 Comparison of Pension Coverage 79
〈Table43〉 Comparison of Contribution Rate and Source of Funds 80
〈Table44〉 Comparison of Qualifying Conditions 80
〈Table45〉 Comparison of Insured Foreigners 81
〈Table46〉 Foreign Beneficiary in Countries 83