표제지
ABSTRACT
목차
기호 19
제1장 서론 22
1.1. 연구 배경 22
1.1.1. 스풀밸브 22
1.1.2. 유체고착 22
1.2. 문헌 고찰 23
1.3. 연구 목적 및 내용 28
제2장 본론 30
2.1. 스풀밸브 해석에서의 레이놀즈 방정식과 나비에 스톡스 방정식에 의한 결과 비교 30
2.1.1. 음압이 발생되지 않는 조건에서의 해석 결과비교 30
2.1.2. 음압이 발생되는 조건에서의 해석 결과비교 46
2.2. 기존의 전형적인 그루브를 가진 스풀밸브의 3차원 윤활 해석 52
2.2.1. 그루브 위치의 영향 52
2.2.2. 그루브 개수의 영향 53
2.2.3. 그루브 단면 형상의 영향 54
2.2.4. 편심과 틸팅의 영향 55
2.3. 스파이럴 그루브가 가공된 스풀밸브의 3차원 윤활해석 56
2.3.1. 3가지 타입의 스파이럴 그루브와 4가지 작동 조건 56
2.3.2. 스파이럴 type-1의 그루브가 가공된 스풀밸브의 윤활특성 57
2.3.3. 스파이럴 type-2의 그루브가 가공된 스풀밸브의 윤활특성 59
2.3.4. 스파이럴 type-3의 그루브가 가공된 스풀밸브의 윤활특성 60
2.3.5. 4가지 작동 조건에서 기존의 그루브가 가공된 스풀밸브와 스파이럴 그루브가 가공된 스풀밸브의 윤활특성 비교 60
제3장 결론 61
참고문헌 177
이력서 181
Table 2.1. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of R and Re) 62
Table 2.2. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of S and Re) 62
Table 2.3. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of L₁ and Re) 62
Table 2.4. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of L₂ and Re) 62
Table 2.5. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of L₃ and Re) 63
Table 2.6. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of H₂ and Re) 63
Table 2.7. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of Pr and Re)(이미지참조) 63
Table 2.8. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of n and Re) 63
Table 2.9. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of ε and Re) 64
Table 2.10. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of B and Re) 64
Table 2.11. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of groove shape, n=2) 64
Table 2.12. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of groove shape, n=16) 64
Table 2.13. Ratio of depth (hw/h₂, type-2)(이미지참조) 64
Table 2.14. Pressure condition & sliding speed 65
Table 2.15. Properties of working fluid 65
Table 2.16. Geometries of spool valve (variation of l₂, K, n) 65
Table 2.17. Geometries of spool valve (variation of l₁) 65
Table 2.18. Pressure condition & sliding speed 66
Table 2.19. Geometries of spool valve (variation of l₃) 66
Table 2.20. Geometries of spool valve (variation of n) 66
Table 2.21. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of eccentricity ratio, n=0,4) 66
Table 2.22. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of eccentricity ratio, n=4) 67
Table 2.23. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (typical type, n=2, 3, 6) 67
Table 2.24. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (spiral type-1, Θr=4π, 6π,12π)(이미지참조) 67
Table 2.25. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of θs spiral type-1)(이미지참조) 67
Table 2.26. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (typical type, n=4, 6, 12) 68
Table 2.27. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (spiral type-2, Θr=8π, 12π, 24π)(이미지참조) 68
Table 2.28. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of θs, spiral type-2)(이미지참조) 68
Table 2.29. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (spiral type-3) 68
Table 2.30. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of working conditions, typical type) 69
Table 2.31. Nondimensional parameters for numerical calculation (variation of working conditions, spiral type-1, 2, 3) 69
Figure 1. (a) Spool valve (b) Spool 70
Figure 2.1. Schematic of spool valve (dimensional form) 70
Figure 2.2. Schematic of spool valve (non-dimensional form) 71
Figure 2.3. Cross section of spool valve 71
Figure 2.4. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of R (Re=2.14) 72
Figure 2.5. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of R (Re=2.14) 72
Figure 2.6. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of R (Re=2.14) 73
Figure 2.7. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of R (Re=2.14) 73
Figure 2.8. Dimensionless friction force with variation of R (Re=2.14) 74
Figure 2.9. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of R (Re=2.14) 74
Figure 2.10. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of R and Re 75
Figure 2.11. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of R and Re 75
Figure 2.12. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of R and Re 76
Figure 2.13. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of S (Re=2.14) 76
Figure 2.14. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of S (Re=2.14) 77
Figure 2.15. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of S (Re=2.14) 77
Figure 2.16. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of S (Re=2.14) 78
Figure 2.17. Dimensionless friction force with variation of S(Re=2.14) 78
Figure 2.18. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of S (Re=2.14) 79
Figure 2.19. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of S and Re 79
Figure 2.20. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of S and Re 80
Figure 2.21. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of S and Re 80
Figure 2.22. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of L₁(Re=2.14) 81
Figure 2.23. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of L₁(Re=2.14) 81
Figure 2.24. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of L₁(Re=2.14) 82
Figure 2.25. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of L₁(Re=2.14) 82
Figure 2.26. Dimensionless friction force with variation of L₁(Re=2.14) 83
Figure 2.27. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of L₁(Re=2.14) 83
Figure 2.28. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of L₁ and Re 84
Figure 2.29. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of L₁ and Re 84
Figure 2.30. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of L₁ and Re 85
Figure 2.31. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of L₂(Re=2.14) 85
Figure 2.32. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of L₂(Re=2.14) 86
Figure 2.33. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of L₂(Re=2.14) 86
Figure 2.34. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of L₂(Re=2.14) 87
Figure 2.35. Dimensionless friction force with variation of L₂(Re=2.14) 87
Figure 2.36. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of L₂(Re=2.14) 88
Figure 2.37. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of L₂ and Re 88
Figure 2.38. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of L₂ and Re 89
Figure 2.39. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of L₂ and Re 89
Figure 2.40. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of L₃(Re=2.14) 90
Figure 2.41. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of L₃(Re=2.14) 90
Figure 2.42. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of L₃(Re=2.14) 91
Figure 2.43. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of L₃(Re=2.14) 91
Figure 2.44. Dimensionless friction force with variation of L₃(Re=2.14) 92
Figure 2.45. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of L₃(Re=2.14) 92
Figure 2.46. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of L₃ and Re 93
Figure 2.47. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of L₃ and Re 93
Figure 2.48. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of L₃ and Re 94
Figure 2.49. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of H₂ (Re=2.14) 94
Figure 2.50. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of H₂(Re=2.14) 95
Figure 2.51. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of H₂(Re=2.14) 95
Figure 2.52. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of H₂ (Re=2.14) 96
Figure 2.53. Dimensionless friction force with variation of H₂(Re=2.14) 96
Figure 2.54. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of H₂(Re=2.14) 97
Figure 2.55. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of H₂ and Re 97
Figure 2.56. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of H₂ and Re 98
Figure 2.57. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of H₂ and Re 98
Figure 2.58. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of Pr (Re=2.14)(이미지참조) 99
Figure 2.59. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of Pr (Re=2.14)(이미지참조) 99
Figure 2.60. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of Pr (Re=2.14)(이미지참조) 100
Figure 2.61. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of Pr (Re=2.14)(이미지참조) 100
Figure 2.62. Dimensionless friction force with variation of Pr (Re=2.14)(이미지참조) 101
Figure 2.63. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of Pr (Re=2.14)(이미지참조) 101
Figure 2.64. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of Pr and Re(이미지참조) 102
Figure 2.65. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of Pr and Re(이미지참조) 102
Figure 2.66. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of Pr and Re(이미지참조) 103
Figure 2.67. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of n (Re=2.14) 103
Figure 2.68. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of n (Re=2.14) 104
Figure 2.69. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of n (Re=2.14) 104
Figure 2.70. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of n (Re=2.14) 105
Figure 2.71. Dimensionless friction force with variation of n (Re=2.14) 105
Figure 2.72. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of n (Re=2.14) 106
Figure 2.73. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of n and Re 106
Figure 2.74. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of n and Re 107
Figure 2.75. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of n and Re 107
Figure 2.76. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of ε and Re 108
Figure 2.77. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of ε and Re 108
Figure 2.78. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of ε and Re 109
Figure 2.79. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of B (Re=2.14) 109
Figure 2.80. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of B (Re=2.14) 110
Figure 2.81. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of B (Re=2.14) 110
Figure 2.82. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of B (Re=2.14) 111
Figure 2.83. Dimensionless friction force with variation of B (Re=2.14) 111
Figure 2.84. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of B (Re=2.14) 112
Figure 2.85. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of B and Re 112
Figure 2.86. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of B and Re 113
Figure 2.87. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of B and Re 113
Figure 2.88. Direction of Θ 114
Figure 2.89. Dimensionless pressure distribution with variation of number of groove and governing equations (Re=2.14) 114
Figure 2.90. Dimensionless pressure distribution with variation of governing equations (H₂=1, Re=2.14) 115
Figure 2.91. Dimensionless pressure distribution with variation of governing equations (H₂=50, Re=2.14) 115
Figure 2.92. Both walls and center line of groove 116
Figure 2.93. Dimensionless pressure variation across film thickness (L₂=0.025, Re=2.14, 107, 214) 116
Figure 2.94. Dimensionless pressure variation across film thickness (L₂=0.025, Re=2.14, 107, 214) 117
Figure 2.95. Dimensionless pressure variation across film thickness(H₂=1, Re=2.14, 21.4, 214) 117
Figure 2.96. Dimensionless pressure variation across film thickness (H₂=50, Re=2.14, 21.4, 214) 118
Figure 2.97. Vertical surface for axial direction of spool 118
Figure 2.98. Clearance between spool and sleeve 119
Figure 2.99. Dimensionless pressure variation in the circumferential direction (H₂=1, Re=2.14) 119
Figure 2.100. Dimensionless pressure variation in the circumferential direction(H₂=50, Re=2.14) 120
Figure 2.101. Dimensionless pressure variation in the circumferential direction (H₂=1, Re=2.14, 2.14) 120
Figure 2.102. (a) 3 type of cross sectional shape of groove (b) Depth ratio of type-2 121
Figure 2.103. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of groove shape (n=2, Re=214) 121
Figure 2.104. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of groove shape (n=2, Re=214) 122
Figure 2.105. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of groove shape (n=2, Re=214) 122
Figure 2.106. Streamlines with variation of groove shape and Re (n=2, Re=0.714, 7.14, 214) 123
Figure 2.107. Position of center of vortex (n=2, Re=0.714, 7.14, 214) 123
Figure 2.108. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of groove shape and Re (n=2, Re=0.714, 7.14, 214) 124
Figure 2.109. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of groove shape and Re (n=2, Re=0.714, 7.14, 214) 124
Figure 2.110. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of groove shape and Re (n=2, Re=0.714, 7.14, 214) 125
Figure 2.111. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of groove shape (n=16, Re=0.714) 125
Figure 2.112. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of groove shape (n=16, Re=0.714) 126
Figure 2.113. Dimensionless friction force with variation of groove shape (n=16, Re=0.714) 126
Figure 2.114. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of groove shape and Re (n=16, Re=0.714, 7.14, 214) 127
Figure 2.115. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of groove shape and Re (n=16, Re=0.714, 7.14, 214) 127
Figure 2.116. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of groove shape and Re (n=16, Re=0,714, 7.14, 214) 128
Figure 2.117. (a) Ratio of depth (hw/h₂) (b) Shape of round part(이미지참조) 128
Figure 2.118. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of hw/h₂ and Re (n=2, Re=0.714, 7.14, 214)(이미지참조) 129
Figure 2.119. Dimensionless lateral force ratio with variation of hw/h₂ and Re (n=2, Re=0.714, 7.14, 214)(이미지참조) 129
Figure 2.120. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of hw/h₂ and Re (n=2, Re=0.714, 7.14, 214)(이미지참조) 130
Figure 2.121. Dimensionless volume flow rate ratio with variation of hw/h₂ and Re (n=2, Re=0.714, 7.14, 214)(이미지참조) 130
Figure 2.122. Dimensionless friction force with variation of hw/h₂ and Re (n=2, Re=0.714, 7.14, 214)(이미지참조) 131
Figure 2.123. Dimensionless friction force ratio with variation of hw/h₂ and Re (n=2, Re=0.714, 7.14, 214)(이미지참조) 131
Figure 2.124. Aspect ratio of groove 132
Figure 2.125. Maximum pressure with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove, governing equations (n=2) 132
Figure 2.126. Maximum pressure ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=2) 133
Figure 2.127. Maximum pressure ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=4) 133
Figure 2.128. Maximum pressure ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=8) 134
Figure 2.129. Maximum pressure ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=16) 134
Figure 2.130. Lateral force with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove, governing equations (n=2) 135
Figure 2.131. Lateral force ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=2) 135
Figure 2.132. Lateral force ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=4) 136
Figure 2.133. Lateral force ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=8) 136
Figure 2.134. Lateral force ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=16) 137
Figure 2.135. Volume flow rate with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove, governing equations (n=2) 137
Figure 2.136. Volume flow rate ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=2) 138
Figure 2.137. Volume flow rate ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=4) 138
Figure 2.138. Volume flow rate ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=8) 139
Figure 2.139. Volume flow rate ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=16) 139
Figure 2.140. Friction force with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove, governing equations (n=2) 140
Figure 2.141. Friction force ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=2) 140
Figure 2.142. Friction force ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=4) 141
Figure 2.143. Friction force ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=8) 141
Figure 2.144. Friction force ratio with variation of groove width, aspect ratio of groove (n=16) 142
Figure 2.145. Pressure distribution with variation of groove width, governing equations (K=1, n=2) 142
Figure 2.146. Pressure distribution with variation of groove width, governing equations (K=1, n=16) 143
Figure 2.147. Pressure variation across film thickness (n=2, K=1, l₂=0.1mm) 143
Figure 2.148. Pressure variation across film thickness (n=2, K=1, l₂=0.3mm) 144
Figure 2.149. Pressure variation across film thickness (n=2, K=1, l₂=0.5mm) 144
Figure 2.150. Pressure variation across film thickness (n=16, K=1, l₂=0.3mm, 0.5mm) 145
Figure 2.151. Lateral force ratio and volume flow rate ratio with variation of l₁ 145
Figure 2.152. Friction force ratio with variation of l₁ 146
Figure 2.153. Lateral force ratio and volume flow rate ratio with variation of l₃ 146
Figure 2.154. Friction force ratio with variation of l₃ 147
Figure 2.155. Lateral force ratio and volume flow rate ratio with variation of n 147
Figure 2.156. Friction force ratio with variation of n 148
Figure 2.157. 4 types of cross section of groove 148
Figure 2.158. (a) Depth ratio of type-2 (b) Width ratio of type-4 148
Figure 2.159. Lateral force and volume flow rate with variation of cross section of groove (n=2) 149
Figure 2.160. Friction force with variation of cross section of groove (n=2) 149
Figure 2.161. Pressure distribution with variation of cross section of groove 150
Figure 2.162. Streamlines 150
Figure 2.163. Lateral force ratio and volume flow rate ratio with variation of cross section of groove (n=16) 151
Figure 2.164. Friction force ratio with variation of cross section of groove (n=16) 151
Figure 2.165. (a) Ratio of depth (hw/h₂) (b) Ratio of width (lw/l₂)(이미지참조) 152
Figure 2.166. Lateral force ratio and volume flow rate ratio with variation of hw/h₂(이미지참조) 152
Figure 2.167. Friction force ratio with variation of hw/h₂(이미지참조) 153
Figure 2.168. Lateral force ratio and volume flow rate ratio with variation of lw/l₂(이미지참조) 153
Figure 2.169. Friction force ratio with variation of lw/l₂(이미지참조) 154
Figure 2.170. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of eccentricity ratio (n=0, 4) 154
Figure 2.171. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of eccentricity ratio (n=0, 4) 155
Figure 2.172. Dimensionless friction force with variation of eccentricity ratio (n=0, 4) 155
Figure 2.173. Dimensionless pressure distribution with variation of eccentricity ratio (n=0) 156
Figure 2.174. Dimensionless pressure distribution with variation of eccentricity ratio (n=4) 156
Figure 2.175. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of eccentricity ratio and tilting (n=4) 157
Figure 2.176. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of eccentricity ratio and tilting (n=4) 157
Figure 2.177. Dimensionless friction force with variation of eccentricity ratio and tilting (n=4) 158
Figure 2.178. Dimensionless pressure distribution with variation of eccentricity ratio and tilting (ε=0, n=4) 158
Figure 2.179. Dimensionless pressure distribution with variation of eccentricity ratio and tilting (ε=0.4, n=4) 159
Figure 2.180. (a) Planar figure of spool with spiral type-1 groove (b) Schematic of spiral type-1 groove 159
Figure 2.181. (a) Planar figure of spool with spiral type-2 groove (b) Schematic of spiral type-2 groove 160
Figure 2.182. (a) Planar figure of spool with spiral type-3 groove (b) Schematic of spiral type-3 groove 160
Figure 2.183. Working conditions 161
Figure 2.184. Typical type of spool (n=2, 3, 6) 161
Figure 2.185. Definition of Θs(이미지참조) 162
Figure 2.186. Dimensionless lateral force (typical type & spiral type-1) 162
Figure 2.187. Dimensionless volume flow rate (typical type & spiral type-1) 163
Figure 2.188. Dimensionless friction force (typical type & spiral type-1) 163
Figure 2.189. Dimensionless pressure distribution (n=2, Θr=4π)(이미지참조) 164
Figure 2.190. Dimensionless velocity distribution (n=2, Θr=4π)(이미지참조) 164
Figure 2.191. Dimensionless lateral force and volume flow rate with variation of Θs (spiral type-1)(이미지참조) 165
Figure 2.192. Planar figure of spiral type-1 (Θs=0.5π, π, 1.5π)(이미지참조) 165
Figure 2.193. Dimensionless pressure distribution (Θs=0.5π, π)(이미지참조) 166
Figure 2.194. Dimensionless pressure distribution (Θs=0.5π, 1.5π)(이미지참조) 166
Figure 2.195. Dimensionless velocity distribution (Θ=0) 167
Figure 2.196. Dimensionless velocity distribution (Θ=0.5π) 167
Figure 2.197. Dimensionless velocity distribution (Θ=π) 168
Figure 2.198. Dimensionless friction force with variation of Θs (spiral type-1)(이미지참조) 168
Figure 2.199. Dimensionless lateral force (typical type & spiral type-2) 169
Figure 2.200. Dimensionless pressure distribution (n=4, Θr=8π)(이미지참조) 169
Figure 2.201. Dimensionless pressure distribution (n=12, Θr=24π)(이미지참조) 170
Figure 2.202. Dimensionless volume flow rate (typical type & spiral type-2) 170
Figure 2.203. Dimensionless friction force (typical type & spiral type-2) 171
Figure 2.204. Dimensionless lateral force and volume flow rate with variation of Θs (spiral type-2)(이미지참조) 171
Figure 2.205. Dimensionless friction force with variation of Θs (spiral type-2) 172
Figure 2.206. Spiral type-3 groove (a) type-3-a (b) type-3-b (c) type-3-c 172
Figure 2.207. Dimensionless lateral force (spiral type-3) 173
Figure 2.208. Dimensionless volume flow rate (spiral type-3) 173
Figure 2.209. Dimensionless friction force (spiral type-3) 174
Figure 2.210. Planar figure of typical type and spiral type-1, 2, 3 174
Figure 2.211. Dimensionless lateral force with variation of working conditions and groove types 175
Figure 2.212. Dimensionless volume flow rate with variation of working conditions and groove types 175
Figure 2.213. Dimensionless friction force with variation of working conditions and groove types 176