The purpose of this study is to know factors affecting on cultural competence of nursing students and to provide basic data to be utilized for development of multi-cultural education program and its curriculum.
Conducted to collect data of 349 nursing students in 1st and 4th year in Gangwon-do from 21th Aug to 6th Sep 2013. After getting agreements from each College of Nursing, explained to nursing students about the purpose of this study, its method, anonymity and confidentiality, and let them complete surveys after receiving written consent from subjects of this study. Evaluated prejudice, social desirability, cultural competence and general property with structured questionnaire. For analysis of data, conducted analysis of frequency, descriptive statistic, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis.
As the result, the cultural competence was 5.09(±0.74), and the level of the cultural competence was significantly statistical different by year(p=.002), average grade(p=.003), experiences taking multicultural courses(p=.002), ability of foreign language(p=〈.001), experiences of overseas travel(p=.010), exposure of mass media for multiple cultures(p=.007), willing to take multicultural education(p=.018). The cultural competence appeared correlation with social distance(r=.294, p=〈.001), negative stereotype(r=.190, p=〈.001), negative sentiments(r=.246, p=〈.001), self-deception(r=.388, p=〈.001), image management(r=.190, p=〈.001). Among factors affecting cultural competence, self-deception(β=.302) of social desirability was the largest, and then social distance(β=.321) against multicultural group and year(β=.228), 25.3% of explanation power(F=25.864, p=〈.001).
To improve cultural competence of nursing students, it is required to establish a way to resolve the prejudice against multicultural group, to develop a training program and to give a chance to reach to multiple cultures easily.