표제지
목차
논문개요 11
Ⅰ. 서론 12
Ⅱ. 자료 및 방법 16
1. 자료 16
2. 연구방법 및 세정효과 지수 20
Ⅲ. 연구 결과 22
1. 대기오염물질과 강수의 계절별 평균값 22
2. 두 종류 격자에서의 여름 및 겨울철의 세정효과 28
a) 월평균 관측값의 세정효과 28
b) 시간별 관측값의 세정효과 32
3. 빈도 분포에 따른 시간별 관측값의 세정효과 38
Ⅴ. 결론 47
Ⅵ. 참고문헌 49
Appendix 54
ABSTRACT 61
Table 1. Data information of air pollution and precipitation over South Korea used in this study. AWS (Automatic Weather Station), MEK (Ministry of Environment of... 18
Table 2. Methods and instruments of measuring air pollutants (O₃, CO, NO₂, SO₂, PM₁₀) at MEK over South Korea. 19
Table 3. Climatological seasonal averages and standard deviations (σ; ± values) of air pollutants (O₃, CO, NO₂, SO₂, PM₁₀) and precipitation over South Korea during 2002-2013 in two types of grids of 0.25° x 0.25° and 0.1° x 0.1°, respectively.... 26
Table 4. Values (%) of intrinsic spatial variability for two kinds of grid data (0.25° x 0.25° and 0.1° x 0.1°) in terms of σ/X (%). The values for pollution...[이미지참조] 27
Table 5. Climatological averages of major air pollutants (O₃, CO, NO₂, SO₂, PM₁₀) and precipitation over South Korea during JJA and DJF of 2002-2013.... 27
Table 6. The NCF (%) values (see also Yoo et al., 2014) based on the correlation between monthly values of air pollutants (O₃, CO, NO₂, SO₂, PM₁₀) and precipitation... 31
Table 7. The NCF (%) values based on the correlation between hourly observations of air pollutants (O₃, CO, NO₂, SO₂, PM₁₀) and precipitation over South Korea during... 37
Table 8. Same as Table 7 except for the correlation between the logarithmic values of hourly observations. 46
Table A1. Statistical t-test analysis for the correlation between the monthly values of air pollutants (O₃, CO, NO₂, SO₂, PM₁₀) and precipitation over South Korea during the four seasons(MAM, JJA, SON, and DJF) of the years 2002-2013 at significance levels of p 〈... 54
Table A2. The seasonal NCF (%) values based on the correlation between hourly observations of major air pollutants (O₃, CO, NO₂, SO₂, PM₁₀) and precipitation over South Korea during 2002-2013 at significance levels of p 〈0.05 and p 〈0.01, respectively. 55
Fig. 1. Locations of (a) 283 air pollution monitoring stations of MEK and (b) 457 Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs) over South Korea in summer (JJA) and winter... 18
Fig. 2. Flow diagram of the correlation analysis for observed data of rain and air pollutants. 19
Fig. 3. Climatological seasonal averages of O₃ (ppb), CO (0.1ppm), NO₂ (ppb), SO₂ (ppb), PM₁₀ (μgm¯³) and AWS precipitation (mmday¯¹) in a 0.25° x 0.25° grid... 24
Fig. 4. Same as in Fig. 3 except for a 0.1° x 0.1° grid. 25
Fig. 5. Significant correlations between monthly average values of AWS precipitation (mmhr¯¹) and five kinds of air pollutants (O₃, CO, NO₂, SO₂, and PM₁₀) in two types... 29
Fig. 6. Same as in Fig. 5 except for DJF. 30
Fig. 7. Significant correlations at significance levels p 〈0.05 and p 〈0.01 between hourly observed values of AWS precipitation (mmhr¯¹) and five kinds of air pollutants... 34
Fig. 8. Same as in Fig. 7 except for DJF. 35
Fig. 9. a) Statistical t-test analysis for the correlation between hourly observations of air pollutants (O₃, CO, NO₂, SO₂, PM₁₀) and AWS precipitation during JJA of... 36
Fig. 10. Normalized frequency distributions (%) in common logarithmic ordinate scale of hourly observations (i.e., OBS) for (a) O₃ (ppb), (b) CO (0.1 ppm), (c) NO₂ (ppb),... 41
Fig. 11. Same as in Fig. 10 except for DJF. 42
Fig. 12. Significant correlations (p 〈 0.05, 0.01) between logarithmic values of hourly observations of AWS precipitation (mmhr¯¹) and five kinds of air pollutants in two... 43
Fig. 13. Same as in Fig. 12 except for DJF. 44
Fig. 14. a) Statistical t-test analysis at significance levels (p 〈 0.05, 0.01) for the correlation between logarithmic values of hourly observations of air pollutants (O₃,... 45
Fig. 15. Absolute Washout Index (AWI) during JJA of 2002-2013 under the different conditions of grid-type (Grid 1 and Grid 2) and significance levels (p 〈 0.05, 0.01),... 46
Fig. A1. Significant correlations between monthly average values of AWS precipitation (mmhr¯¹) and five kinds of air pollutants (O₃, CO, NO₂, SO₂, and PM₁₀) in two types... 56
Fig. A2. Same as in Fig. A1 except for a SON. 57
Fig. A3. Significant correlations at significance levels p 〈 0.05 and p 〈 0.01 between hourly observed values of AWS precipitation (mmhr¯¹) and five kinds of air pollutants... 58
Fig. A4. Same as in Fig. A3 except for a SON. 59
Fig. A5. a) Statistical t-test analysis for the correlation between hourly observations of air pollutants (O₃, CO, NO₂, SO₂, PM₁₀) and AWS precipitation during MAM of... 60