Title Page
Contents
ABSTRACT 9
1. Introduction 11
1.1. General objective 11
1.2. Structure of the thesis 13
2. Theoretical background 15
2.1. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) 15
2.2. Land Surface Temperature (LST) 16
3. Materials 18
3.1. Study area description 18
3.2. Satellite dataset 18
3.2.1. Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) 18
3.2.2. MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 22
3.2.3. Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) 25
3.3. In-situ dataset 27
3.3.1. Automatic Synoptic Observing System (ASOS) 27
4. Methodology 30
4.1. Downscaling of LST 30
4.1.1. Correlation analysis between LST and NDVI 32
4.1.2. Bilinear Interpolation 33
4.1.3. Implemented downscaling procedure using residuals 35
4.1.4. Additional methods for a comparative analysis 35
4.2. TVDI 37
4.2.1. Estimating TVDI from relationship between LST and NDVI 37
5. Results and discussion 41
5.1. Downscaling Results 41
5.1.1. Validation of disaggregated LST 41
5.1.2. Spatial comparison of LST 48
5.2. Temperature-Vegetation Dryness Index 53
5.2.1. Estimating the dry edge condition 53
5.2.2. Spatial relationship between TVDI and soil moisture 56
6. Conclusions 61
References 63
Appendix 69
논문요약 74
Table 1. Characteristics of COCI. 20
Table 2. Characteristic for MI. 22
Table 3. Detail description by Land Cover Types of MCD12Q1. 24
Table 4. Selected Physical Characteristics of AMSR-E. 26
Table 5. Summary of relationship between LST and NDVI at two sites. 42
Table 6. Statistical analysis of MI and Downscaled LST at each station. 45
Fig. 1. Conceptual diagram of process in this study. 14
Fig. 2. Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS). 19
Fig. 3. Operation of the GOCI. 20
Fig. 4. Terra and Aqua satellites and their payloads. 23
Fig. 5. The Components of ASOS tower. 28
Fig. 6. Study Area and the location of ASOS stations. 29
Fig. 7. Flow chart for downscaling COMS LST. 31
Fig. 8. Geometric principle of bilinear interpolation. 34
Fig. 9. The concept of TVDI calculation using dry edge and wet edge. 40
Fig. 10. Comparison of catter plot of each LST with two stations data 42
Fig. 11. Statistical assesment of downscaled LST. 44
Fig. 12. Spatial distribution of LST at spring season (Apr. 05, 2011) 49
Fig. 13. Spatial distribution of LST at summer season (Jun. 03, 2011) 50
Fig. 14. Spatial distribution of LST at fall season (Sep. 06, 2011) 51
Fig. 15. Spatial distribution of LST at winter season (Dec. 27, 2011) 52
Fig. 16. Estimating of Dry Edge Condition (DOY: 095, 134) 54
Fig. 17. Estimating of Dry Edge Condition (DOY: 154, 185) 55
Fig. 18. Estimating of Dry Edge Condition (DOY: 249, 276) 56
Fig. 19. Spatial distribution of TVDI and AMSR-E soil moisture (DOY: 154). 57
Fig. 20. Spatial distribution of TVDI and AMSR-E soil moisture (DOY: 185). 58
Fig. 21. Spatial distribution of TVDI and AMSR-E soil moisture (DOY: 249). 59
Fig. 22. Spatial distribution of TVDI and AMSR-E soil moisture (DOY: 276). 60