표제지
목차
ABSTRACT 8
제1장 서론 10
1.1. 연구배경 10
1.2. 연구동향 12
1.3. 연구내용 14
제2장 이론적 배경 16
2.1. 터널 거동 연구방법 16
2.2. 터널붕괴 특성 23
2.3. 위치별 터널붕괴 발생 양상 26
2.3.1. 일반 구간의 터널 붕괴 26
2.3.2. 갱구부 및 저토피 구간 터널 붕괴 27
2.4. 터널굴착으로 인한 붕락 유형 30
2.4.1. 터널굴착중 붕락 유형 30
2.4.2. 터널굴착 완료후 붕락 33
2.5. 해외 터널 붕괴유형 파악 사례 37
2.6. 양산단층대 지질특성 41
제3장 연구대상 터널 현장 45
3.1. 연구대상 지역의 지질특성 45
3.2. 양산단층대 구간에서 발생된 터널 붕락유형 48
3.2.1. 터널내 굴착 중 굴진면 천단부 함몰 48
3.2.2. 터널내 굴착 중 굴진면 토사유출 56
3.2.3. 터널내 굴착 중 굴진면 후방부 천단부 함몰 62
3.2.4. 숏크리트 타설 완료 후 숏크리트 균열발생 72
3.3. 양산단층대 구간의 터널 설계 및 시공사례 : 양북1터널 75
제4장 결론 79
참고문헌 81
Table 2.1. Geological classification and tunnel concept 38
Table 2.2. Evaluation of factors affecting tunnel collapse and tunnel stability 40
Fig. 2.1. Risk of collapse of NATM tunnels by location 24
Fig. 2.2. Tunnel construction and reinforcement procedures 25
Fig. 2.3. Typical tunnel collapse types 27
Fig. 2.4. Tunnel collapse at the entrance and exit 29
Fig. 2.5. Type of collapse in case of an unstable tunnel surface 31
Fig. 2.6. Type of collapse in case of an unstable tunnel ceiling and upper ground 32
Fig. 2.7. Type of collapses in case of a primary support not closed tunnel 34
Fig. 2.8. Type of collapses in case of a first support closed tunnel 36
Fig. 2.9. Faults developed in the southeast of the Korean Peninsula 43
Fig. 3.1. The fault zones around the tunnels adopted for this study 47
Fig. 3.2. Chimney collapse of crown in the tunnel face 49
Fig. 3.3. Ground investigation result 50
Fig. 3.4. Electrical resistivity survey result 51
Fig. 3.5. Reinforcement of cavity and surface collapse 53
Fig. 3.6. Reinforcement section of collapse section 55
Fig. 3.7. Excavation location of soil outflow in the tunnel 57
Fig. 3.8. Soil outflow mechanism in the tunnel 59
Fig. 3.9. Reinforced section of soil outflow area in the tunnel 61
Fig. 3.10. Location of collapse section at the back of tunnel excavation surface 63
Fig. 3.11. The core recovered as a sand layer (soil layer) 63
Fig. 3.12. Collapse tunnel type with granite inclusions 64
Fig. 3.13. Face mapping of collapse face 65
Fig. 3.14. Surface collapse of ceiling at he back 67
Fig. 3.15. Photos of collapse process phases 68
Fig. 3.16. Void fill method of collapse section 70
Fig. 3.17. Section of strata 72
Fig. 3.18. Shotcrete in the sidewall crack and dropout(Volume 0.7m3) 73
Fig. 3.19. Reinforcement plan of shotcrete in the sidewall crack and fallout 74
Fig. 3.20. Change of geological map of the Yangbook 1 tunnel in final design phase... 76
Fig. 3.21. Change of rock mass rate of the Yangbook 1 tunnel in final design phase... 77
Fig. 3.22. Change of supporting pattern of the Yangbook 1 tunnel in final design phase... 78