표제지
국문초록
목차
I. 서론 10
1. 연구 배경 10
2. 연구 목적 14
II. 표면 온도 예측 모형 개발 15
1. 뷰펙터 (view factor) 산정 15
1) 뷰펙터의 해석적 유도식 15
2) 수평면과 수직변에서 수치적 천공비 (sky-view factor) 산정 19
3) 수평면과 수직면에서 뷰펙터 산정 21
2. 일조 영역 계산 31
3. 복사 에너지 분배 과정 33
1) 단파 복사 분배 33
2) 장파 복사 분배 34
4. 현열 교환 과정 34
5. 표면 온도 계산 37
III. 모형 예측 결과 및 검증 39
1. 모의 도시 형태 39
2. 천공비 44
3. 직달 일사 분배 46
1) 일조 46
4. 도시 지표 에너지 수지와 표면 온도 49
1) 수평면 49
2) 수직면 52
5. 모형 검증 54
1) 도시 유효 알베도 54
2) 표면 온도 일변화 56
6. 실제 도시 지역의 예측 표면 온도 58
IV. 요약 및 결론 60
참고문헌 61
ABSTRACT 66
Table 1. Sky-view factors at the horizontal surface calculated by the analytical... 26
Table 2. Input parameters of surface temperature prediction model 42
Figure 1. Building-scale physical processes over an urban environment 17
Figure 2. (a) Schematic of a view factor concept between two blackbody surfaces of... 18
Figure 3. Schematic of wall-view factors at the horizontal and vertical grid cells in a... 22
Figure 4. Comparison of the ground-level sky-view factor (Ψga) by the numerical...[이미지참조] 25
Figure 5. Ground-level sky-view factor calculated at the center location of street... 29
Figure 6. Spatial distribution of sky-view factors calculated at (a) ground surface (Ψga)...[이미지참조] 30
Figure 7. Schematic of determination of sunlit area. λ and φ denote solar azimuthal... 32
Figure 8. Sensible heat exchange between urban surfaces (roof/wail/road) and urban... 36
Figure 9. Vertical grid structure for computation of surface temperatures and interior... 38
Figure 10. Ideal urban morphological configurations. 40
Figure 11. (a) Location of the meteorological measurement site and (b) simulation area... 41
Figure 12. Meteorological forcing measured from a micrometeorological site on 7... 43
Figure 13. 3-dimensional distribution of the sky-view factors for (a) cubical... 45
Figure 14. Temporal variation of sunlit fraction at horizontal and vertical surfaces in... 47
Figure 15. 3-dimensional distribution of the sunlit/shaded areas for the cubical... 48
Figure 16. (a) Simulated surface energy balance fluxes, (b) surface temperature, and (c)... 50
Figure 17. Simulated surface energy balance fluxes (left panels) and surface... 51
Figure 18. Simulated surface energy balance fluxes (left panels) and surface... 53
Figure 19. Comparison of simulated and measured effective albedo values for different... 55
Figure 20. Comparison of simulated and measured surface temperature normalized to... 57
Figure 21. 3-dimensional distribution of horizontal/vertical surface temperatures for a... 59