표제지
목차
Nomenclatures 12
I. 서론 13
1.1. 연구배경 13
1.2. 관련연구 18
1.3. 연구목적 21
1.4. 연구방법 22
II. 해석변수 및 터빈형상 설계 24
2.1. 작동변수 24
2.1.1. 주속비(Tip speed ratio, TSR, λ) 24
2.1.2. 출력계수(Power coefficient, Cp)(이미지참조) 24
2.1.3. 토크계수(Torque coefficient, CT)(이미지참조) 25
2.2. 설계변수 26
2.2.1. 받음각(Angle of attack, α) 26
2.2.2. 비틀림각(Helical angle, Ø) 27
2.2.3. 솔리디티(Solidity, S) 28
2.3. 터빈형상 설계 29
III. 해석이론 32
3.1. 유동해석 32
3.1.1. 지배방정식 32
3.1.2. 유동해석 기법 33
3.2. 구조해석 34
3.2.1. 파손이론 34
3.2.2. 구조해석 기법 36
3.3. 피로해석 37
IV. 실린더형 터빈 유동해석 39
4.1. 해석모델 39
4.2. 격자생성 40
4.3. 경계조건 42
4.4. 해석결과 44
4.4.1. 받음각(Angle of attack, α)의 영향 44
4.4.2. 비틀림각(Helical angle, Ø)의 영향 49
4.4.3. 솔리디티(Solidity, S)의 영향 54
4.5. 최적화 결과 59
V. 구형 터빈 유동해석 60
5.1. 해석모델 60
5.2. 격자생성 61
5.3. 경계조건 63
5.4. 해석결과 65
5.4.1. 받음각(Angle of attack, α)의 영향 65
5.4.2. 비틀림각(Helical angle, Ø)의 영향 70
5.4.3. 솔리디티(Solidity, S)의 영향 75
5.5. 최적화 결과 80
VI. 덕트 터빈 유동해석 81
6.1. 원형 덕트 형상 최적화 81
6.2. 원형 덕트 터빈 유동해석 83
6.2.1. 실린더형 터빈 83
6.2.2. 구형 터빈 86
6.3. 사각형 덕트 터빈 유동해석 89
6.3.1. 실린더형 터빈 89
6.3.2. 구형 터빈 92
6.4. 덕트 터빈 유동해석 결과 95
VII. 실린더형 터빈과 구형 터빈 성능 비교 98
VIII. 구조 및 피로해석 107
8.1. 구조해석 107
8.1.1. 해석모델 및 하중조건 107
8.1.2. 구조해석 결과 110
8.2. 피로해석 117
IX. 결론 119
참고문헌 121
국문요약 126
ABSTRACT 128
Table 1-1. Greenhouse gases emission of domestic 13
Table 1-2. Classification of hydro power generation 15
Table 2-1. Design of vertical turbine 31
Table 4-1. Mesh statistics of cylindrical turbine 40
Table 4-2. Detail design for helical angle of cylindrical turbine 49
Table 4-3. Detail design for solidity of cylindrical turbine 55
Table 4-4. Specification of cylindrical turbine 59
Table 5-1. Mesh statistics of spherical turbine 61
Table 5-2. Detail design for helical angle of spherical turbine 70
Table 5-3. Detail design for solidity of spherical turbine 75
Table 5-4. Specification of spherical turbine 80
Table 6-1. Result of duct effect on cylindrical and spherical turbine 95
Table 7-1. Comparison of the shape of cylindrical and spherical turbine 99
Table 8-1. Properties of material 107
Table 8-2. Finite element grid for fluid-structure interaction analysis 107
Fig. 1-1. Ratio of new & renewable energy in Korea 14
Fig. 1-2. Schematic of horizontal-axis and vertical-axis turbine 16
Fig. 1-3. Classification of vertical-axis turbine 17
Fig. 1-4. Schematic of cylindrical and spherical turbine 21
Fig. 2-1. Definition of angle of attack 26
Fig. 2-2. Definition of helical angle 27
Fig. 2-3. Shape of NACA0021 29
Fig. 2-4. Definition of rotating area of spherical turbine 30
Fig. 2-5. Definition of rotating area of cylindrical turbine 30
Fig. 3-1. S-N curve of structural steel 38
Fig. 4-1. Computational domain of cylindrical turbine 39
Fig. 4-2. Grid generation of cylindrical turbine 41
Fig. 4-3. Distributions of power coefficient for variation of tip speed ratio in cylindrical... 42
Fig. 4-4. Contours of velocity of cylindrical turbine at λ = 1 43
Fig. 4-5. Distributions of power coefficient for variation of angle of attack in cylindrical... 45
Fig. 4-6. Distributions of torque for variation of angle of attack in cylindrical turbine 46
Fig. 4-7. Distributions of maximum and average power coefficient for variation of angle of... 47
Fig. 4-8. Distributions of maximum and average torque for variation of angle of attack in... 47
Fig. 4-9. Contours of velocity of cylindrical turbine at α = 3˚ 48
Fig. 4-10. Computational model for variation of helical angle in cylindrical turbine 50
Fig. 4-11. Distributions of power coefficient for variation of helical angle in cylindrical turbine 51
Fig. 4-12. Distributions of torque for variation of helical angle in cylindrical turbine 52
Fig. 4-13. Contours of velocity of cylindrical turbine at Ø = 10˚ 53
Fig. 4-14. Computational model for variation of solidity in cylindrical turbine 55
Fig. 4-15. Distributions of power coefficient for variation of solidity in cylindrical turbine 56
Fig. 4-16. Distributions of torque for variation of solidity in cylindrical turbine 57
Fig. 4-17. Contours of velocity of cylindrical turbine at S = 0.2 and λ = 1 58
Fig. 4-18. Optimization design shape of cylindrical turbine 59
Fig. 5-1. Computational domain of spherical turbine 60
Fig. 5-2. Grid generation of spherical turbine 62
Fig. 5-3. Distributions of power coefficient for variation of tip speed ratio in spherical turbine 63
Fig. 5-4. Contours of velocity of spherical turbine at λ = 1.25 64
Fig. 5-5. Distributions of power coefficient for variation of angle of attack in spherical turbine 66
Fig. 5-6. Distributions of torque for variation of angle of attack in spherical turbine 67
Fig. 5-7. Distributions of maximum and average power coefficient for variation of angle of... 68
Fig. 5-8. Distributions of maximum and average torque for variation of angle of attack in... 68
Fig. 5-9. Contours of velocity of spherical turbine at α = 2˚ 69
Fig. 5-10. Computational model for variation of helical angle in spherical turbine 71
Fig. 5-11. Distributions of power coefficient for variation of helical angle in spherical turbine 72
Fig. 5-12. Distributions of torque for variation of helical angle in spherical turbine 73
Fig. 5-13. Contours of velocity of spherical turbine at Ø = 10˚ 74
Fig. 5-14. Computational model for variation of solidity in spherical turbine 76
Fig. 5-15. Distributions of power coefficient for variation of solidity in spherical turbine 77
Fig. 5-16. Distributions of torque for variation of solidity in spherical turbine 78
Fig. 5-17. Contours of velocity of spherical turbine at S = 0.2 and λ = 1.25 79
Fig. 5-18. Optimization design shape of spherical turbine 80
Fig. 6-1. Design parameter of circular duct 81
Fig. 6-2. Distribution of mean velocity for variation of length in circular duct 82
Fig. 6-3. Distribution of mean velocity for variation of inlet diameter in circular duct 82
Fig. 6-4. Geometry of cylindrical turbine with circular duct 83
Fig. 6-5. Distributions of performance for with and without circular duct in cylindrical turbine 84
Fig. 6-6. Contours of velocity with circular duct in cylindrical turbine 85
Fig. 6-7. Geometry of spherical turbine with circular duct 86
Fig. 6-8. Distributions of performance for with and without circular duct in cylindrical turbine 87
Fig. 6-9. Contours of velocity with circular duct in spherical turbine 88
Fig. 6-10. Geometry of cylindrical turbine with rectangle duct 89
Fig. 6-11. Distributions of performance for with and without rectangle duct in cylindrical... 90
Fig. 6-12. Contours of velocity with rectangle duct in cylindrical turbine 91
Fig. 6-13. Geometry of spherical turbine with rectangle duct 92
Fig. 6-14. Distributions of performance for with and without rectangle duct in spherical turbine 93
Fig. 6-15. Contours of velocity with rectangle duct in spherical turbine 94
Fig. 6-16. Distributions of performance for circular and rectangular duct in cylindrical turbine 96
Fig. 6-17. Distributions of performance for circular and rectangular duct in spherical turbine 97
Fig. 7-1. Distributions of maximum and average power coefficient for variation of tip speed... 100
Fig. 7-2. Distributions of power coefficient for λ = 1 and 1.25 in cylindrical and spherical... 101
Fig. 7-3. Distributions of torque coefficient in cylindrical and spherical turbine 102
Fig. 7-4. Distributions of power coefficient in cylindrical and spherical turbine with rectangle... 103
Fig. 7-5. Distributions of torque coefficient in cylindrical and spherical turbine with rectangle... 104
Fig. 7-6. Vortex structure of cylindrical turbine 105
Fig. 7-7. Vortex structure of spherical turbine 106
Fig. 8-1. Load condition mapped using the results from CFD analysis of cylindrical turbine... 108
Fig. 8-2. Load condition mapped using the results from CFD analysis of spherical turbine with... 109
Fig. 8-3. Results of structure analysis in cylindrical turbine using stainless steel 111
Fig. 8-4. Results of structure analysis in cylindrical turbine using structural steel 112
Fig. 8-5. Results of structure analysis in cylindrical turbine using aluminum alloy 113
Fig. 8-6. Results of structure analysis in spherical turbine using stainless steel 114
Fig. 8-7. Results of structure analysis in spherical turbine using structural steel 115
Fig. 8-8. Results of structure analysis in spherical turbine using aluminum alloy 116
Fig. 8-9. Conditions of fatigue analysis 117
Fig. 8-10. Distributions of fatigue life 118