The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of family function factor and environmental factor on self-esteem of children in local child center. Therefore, this study set the following research problems as is there difference in subfactors of family function, environment of local child center, and self-esteem according to the general characteristics of children in local child center?, how do subfactors of family function of children in local child center and environment of local child center affect subfactors of self-esteem?, and what are the effects of subfactors of family function of children in local child center and environment of local child center on subfactors of self-esteem of children in local child center?
For research subject, this study randomly selected total 20 places of 9 in Deokjin-gu and 11 in Wansan-gu among 70 local child centers in Jeonju-si, and conducted a survey on 4th, 5th, and 6th graders in elementary school among children in local child center. The research period was set from Aug 1 to Aug 31, 2018, and this study conducted a preliminary investigation by selecting 1 local child center located in Wansan-gu to identify the suitability of the questionnaire prior to this study. The researcher visited a local child center in person and distributed questionnaire and explained about the purpose and method of the investigation, enclosed questionnaire and personal information policy and delivered to the children who agree to the survey(including the approval of a legal representative), and collected total 150 copies of questionnaire. Among the collected questionnaires, 140 copies excluding the 10 copies with unreliable response were used in the investigation.
This study conducted factor analysis, credibility analysis, frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe post hoc test, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS 20.0 Program. To sum up, the results of this study are as follows.
First, according to the result of investigating a significant difference in subfactors of family function, environment of local child center, and self-esteem according to the general characteristics, school self-esteem showed difference by gender, family cohesion, family adaptability, self-esteem and school self-esteem showed difference by grade level, and family cohesion, family adaptability, physical environment, relationship with teacher, and general, family, and school self-esteem showed a significant difference by type of family, but it was identified that only family cohesion, family adaptability, physical environment, relationship with teacher, and school self-esteem showed a significant difference according to the post hoc test(Scheffe).
Secondly, according to the result of investigating the effects of family function factor and environment factor of local child center on self-esteem, family cohesion of family function factor made effect on general, social, family, and the whole self-esteem, but not on family adaptability. Peer relationship of environmental factor of local child center made effect on general, social, family, and the whole self-esteem, physical environment made effect on self-esteem, but not on a relationship with teacher.
Thirdly, according to the result of investigating the effects of decision variable on self-esteem factor among subfactors of family function and environment of local child center, family cohesion and peer relationship were the biggest decision variables for general social, family, and the whole self-esteem, and physical environment was the decision variable of school self-esteem.
Policy practical implications of the research results based on the results above are as follows.
First, for policy implication and suggestion, it was identified that system construction for welfare of community child center is most important. Secondly, intervention and management of complex aspect need to be ensured considering that family and environmental factor make effect on self-esteem.
For practical implication and suggestion, this study selected low-income group and vulnerable social group and investigated family and environment factors comprehensively. Secondly, among subfactors of family function of local child center, it was identified that family cohesion makes a significant effect on general, social, family, and the whole self-esteem and as the most influential factor. Thirdly, it was identified that customized service and management are important challenges for reducing deviation according to the characteristic and environment of children. According to the regression analysis, it was identified that general characteristic is the factor that makes effect on self-esteem. Fourthly, external environment that children in local child center react to was a major influence on self-esteem.